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Spink, A.; Cole, C.: ¬A multitasking framework for cognitive information retrieval (2005) 0.02

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Date: 19. 1.2007 12:55:22
Year: 2005

Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Pedersen, J.: ¬A temporal comparison of AItaVista Web searching (2005) 0.01

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Source: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.6, S.559-570
Year: 2005

Spink, A.; Park, M.: Information and non-information multitasking interplay (2005) 0.01

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Source: Journal of documentation. 61(2005) no.4, S.548-554
Year: 2005

Desai, M.; Spink, A.: ¬A algorithm to cluster documents based on relevance (2005) 0.01

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Source: Information processing and management. 41(2005) no.5, S.1035-1050
Year: 2005

Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: ¬An analysis of Web searching by European Allthe Web.com users (2005) 0.01

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Source: Information processing and management. 41(2005) no.2, S.361-382
Year: 2005

Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Koshman, S.: Web searcher interaction with the Dogpile.com metasearch engine (2007) 0.01
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Abstract

Metasearch engines are an intuitive method for improving the performance of Web search by increasing coverage, returning large numbers of results with a focus on relevance, and presenting alternative views of information needs. However, the use of metasearch engines in an operational environment is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the usage of Dogpile.com, a major Web metasearch engine, with the aim of discovering how Web searchers interact with metasearch engines. We report results examining 2,465,145 interactions from 534,507 users of Dogpile.com on May 6, 2005 and compare these results with findings from other Web searching studies. We collect data on geographical location of searchers, use of system feedback, content selection, sessions, queries, and term usage. Findings show that Dogpile.com searchers are mainly from the USA (84% of searchers), use about 3 terms per query (mean = 2.85), implement system feedback moderately (8.4% of users), and generally (56% of users) spend less than one minute interacting with the Web search engine. Overall, metasearchers seem to have higher degrees of interaction than searchers on non-metasearch engines, but their sessions are for a shorter period of time. These aspects of metasearching may be what define the differences from other forms of Web searching. We discuss the implications of our findings in relation to metasearch for Web searchers, search engines, and content providers.
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Blakely, C.; Koshman, S.: Defining a session on Web search engines (2007) 0.01
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Abstract

Detecting query reformulations within a session by a Web searcher is an important area of research for designing more helpful searching systems and targeting content to particular users. Methods explored by other researchers include both qualitative (i.e., the use of human judges to manually analyze query patterns on usually small samples) and nondeterministic algorithms, typically using large amounts of training data to predict query modification during sessions. In this article, we explore three alternative methods for detection of session boundaries. All three methods are computationally straightforward and therefore easily implemented for detection of session changes. We examine 2,465,145 interactions from 534,507 users of Dogpile.com on May 6, 2005. We compare session analysis using (a) Internet Protocol address and cookie; (b) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and a temporal limit on intrasession interactions; and (c) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and query reformulation patterns. Overall, our analysis shows that defining sessions by query reformulation along with Internet Protocol address and cookie provides the best measure, resulting in an 82% increase in the count of sessions. Regardless of the method used, the mean session length was fewer than three queries, and the mean session duration was less than 30 min. Searchers most often modified their query by changing query terms (nearly 23% of all query modifications) rather than adding or deleting terms. Implications are that for measuring searching traffic, unique sessions may be a better indicator than the common metric of unique visitors. This research also sheds light on the more complex aspects of Web searching involving query modifications and may lead to advances in searching tools.

Spink, A.; Cole, C.: New directions in cognitive information retrieval : conclusion and further research (2005) 0.01

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Year: 2005

Spink, A.; Cole, C.: New directions in cognitive information retrieval : introduction (2005) 0.01

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Year: 2005

Zhang, Y.; Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: Identification of factors predicting clickthrough in Web searching using neural network analysis (2009) 0.01

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Date: 22. 3.2009 17:49:11

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