Search (2 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

In this Internet age, database users soon learn how invaluable search strategies and effective search skills can be in the quest for information. This book suggests ways to obtain these skills while providing a general introduction to searching online environments. Starting with historical background, the author discusses database structure--records, fields, and indexes--and continues exploring basic search concepts, including Boolean logic, controlled vocabulary, proximity searching, and truncation. Subsequent chapters focus on commercial databases in specific subject areas. Other chapters examine information-seeking behaviors, reference interviews, database evaluation, and teaching others about databases. The content is practical, user-friendly, and enhanced by screen shots, exercises, and supplementary materials. Full of helpful advice and insightful commentary, this text is an outstanding reference tool.

Footnote

Rez. in: Online-Mitteilungen 2007, Nr.90, S.18-21 (M. Katzmayr): "Suzanne S. Bell, Bibliothekarin und einschlägig Lehrende, hat ein bemerkenswertes und thematisch sehr breit angelegtes Lehrbuch zur Datenbankrecherche vorgelegt. Die 12 Kapitel lassen sich in drei thematisch zusammengehörende Teile gruppieren: Der erste Teil (Kap. 1-3) vermittelt Grundkenntnisse über Datenbanken. Nach einem kurzen Abriss zur historischen Entwicklung von gedruckten Referats- und Indexierungsdiensten zu kommerziellen Online-Recherchedatenbanken wird die Struktur von Datenbanken anhand des Zusammenhangs von Feldern, Datensätzen und Registerdateien erläutert. Anschließend werden Boolesche Operatoren und Klammersetzung, Verwendung kontrollierten Vokabulars, feldspezifische Suche, Nähesuche, Trunkierung etc. erklärt. Zusätzlich wird auch eine (leider etwas gespreizte) Einführung in die Berechnung von Relevanz- und Trefferquote gegeben. Im zweiten Teil (Kap. 4-8) werden prominente Datenbanken zu den Sozial-, Geistes- und Naturwissenschaften/Medizin vorgestellt, weiters werden Recherchen in Online-Bibliothekskatalogen bzw. Verbundkatalogen und statistischen Datensammlungen erklärt. Neben einigen eingestreuten wissenswerten Hintergrundinformationen (etwa zu Zitationsindizes oder eine kurze Einführung in die Statistikrecherche) werden die Funktionalitäten. ausgewählter Suchoberflächen mittels Beispielrecherchen und Abbildungen ziemlich detailliert veranschaulicht. Thesauri, Indexlisten und der feldspezifischen Suche wird-dabei viel Raum gewidmet. Hinsichtlich der Recherche in Bibliothekskatalogen bzw. Buchverzeichnissen ist auffallend, dass die Autorin ausschließlich für diese den Begriff bibliographische Datenbanken ("bibliographic databases") verwendet und sie dadurch von Referats- und Indexierungsdiensten abzugrenzen versucht, obwohl letztere in der gängigen Fachsprache (1) ebenfalls als bibliographische Datenbanken gehandelt werden. Unklar ist auch, warum dieses Kapitel ausgerechnet zwischen den Ausführungen zu den naturwissenschaftlich/medizinischen und geisteswissenschaftlichen Indexierungsdiensten platziert wurde.

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Abstract

Although much of the hubris and hyperbole surrounding the 1990's Internet has softened to a reasonable level, the inexorable momentum of information growth continues unabated. This wealth of information provides resources for adapting to the problems posed by our increasingly complex world, but the simple availability of more information does not guarantee its successful transformation into valuable knowledge that shapes, guides, and improves our activity. When faced with something like the analysis of sense-making behavior on the web, traditional research models tell us a lot about learning and performance with browser operations, but very little about how people will actively navigate and search through information structures, what information they will choose to consume, and what conceptual models they will induce about the landscape of cyberspace. Thus, it is fortunate that a new field of research, Adaptive Information Interaction (AII), is becoming possible. AII centers on the problems of understanding and improving human-information interaction. It is about how people will best shape themselves to their information environments, and how information environments can best be shaped to people. Its roots lie in human-computer interaction (HCI), information retrieval, and the behavioral and social sciences. This book is about Information Foraging Theory (IFT), a new theory in Adaptive Information Interaction that is one example of a recent flourish of theories in adaptationist psychology that draw upon evolutionary-ecological theory in biology. IFT assumes that people (indeed, all organisms) are ecologically rational, and that human information-seeking mechanisms and strategies adapt the structure of the information environments in which they operate. Its main aim is to create technology that is better shaped to users. Information Foraging Theory will be of interest to student and professional researchers in HCI and cognitive psychology.