-
Miller, S.: Privacy, data bases and computers (1998)
0.03
0.03338095 = product of:
0.0667619 = sum of:
0.04138403 = weight(_text_:data in 3027) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04138403 = score(doc=3027,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.2794884 = fieldWeight in 3027, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3027)
0.025377871 = product of:
0.050755743 = sum of:
0.050755743 = weight(_text_:22 in 3027) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050755743 = score(doc=3027,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3027, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3027)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 15:57:43
-
Brito, M. de: Social affects engineering and ethics (2023)
0.03
0.028236724 = product of:
0.05647345 = sum of:
0.031038022 = weight(_text_:data in 1135) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031038022 = score(doc=1135,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.2096163 = fieldWeight in 1135, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1135)
0.025435425 = product of:
0.05087085 = sum of:
0.05087085 = weight(_text_:processing in 1135) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05087085 = score(doc=1135,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18956426 = queryWeight, product of:
4.048147 = idf(docFreq=2097, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.26835677 = fieldWeight in 1135, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.048147 = idf(docFreq=2097, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1135)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Abstract
- This text proposes a multidisciplinary reflection on the subject of ethics, based on philosophical approaches, using Spinoza's work, Ethics, as a foundation. The power of Spinoza's geometric reasoning and deterministic logic, compatible with formal grammars and programming languages, provides a favorable framework for this purpose. In an information society characterized by an abundance of data and a diversity of perspectives, complex thinking is an essential tool for developing an ethical construct that can deal with the uncertainty and contradictions in the field. Acknowledging the natural complexity of ethics in interpersonal relationships, the use of AI techniques appears unavoidable. Artificial intelligence in KOS offers the potential for processing complex questions through the formal modeling of concepts in ethical discourse. By formalizing problems, we hope to unleash the potential of ethical analysis; by addressing complexity analysis, we propose a mechanism for understanding problems and empowering solutions.
-
Bagatini, J.A.; Chaves Guimarães, J.A.: Algorithmic discriminations and their ethical impacts on knowledge organization : a thematic domain-analysis (2023)
0.02
0.015839024 = product of:
0.063356094 = sum of:
0.063356094 = weight(_text_:data in 1134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.063356094 = score(doc=1134,freq=12.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.4278775 = fieldWeight in 1134, product of:
3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
12.0 = termFreq=12.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1134)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- Personal data play a fundamental role in contemporary socioeconomic dynamics, with one of its primary aspects being the potential to facilitate discriminatory situations. This situation impacts the knowledge organization field especially because it considers personal data as elements (facets) to categorize persons under an economic and sometimes discriminatory perspective. The research corpus was collected at Scopus and Web of Science until the end of 2021, under the terms "data discrimination", "algorithmic bias", "algorithmic discrimination" and "fair algorithms". The obtained results allowed to infer that the analyzed knowledge domain predominantly incorporates personal data, whether in its behavioral dimension or in the scope of the so-called sensitive data. These data are susceptible to the action of algorithms of different orders, such as relevance, filtering, predictive, social ranking, content recommendation and random classification. Such algorithms can have discriminatory biases in their programming related to gender, sexual orientation, race, nationality, religion, age, social class, socioeconomic profile, physical appearance, and political positioning.
-
Helbing, D.; Frey, B.S.; Gigerenzer, G.; Hafen, E.; Hagner, M.; Hofstetter, Y.; Hoven, J. van den; Zicari, R.V.; Zwitter, A.: Digitale Demokratie statt Datendiktatur : Digital-Manifest (2016)
0.01
0.010973599 = product of:
0.043894395 = sum of:
0.043894395 = weight(_text_:data in 5600) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043894395 = score(doc=5600,freq=4.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.29644224 = fieldWeight in 5600, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5600)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- Big Data, Nudging, Verhaltenssteuerung: Droht uns die Automatisierung der Gesellschaft durch Algorithmen und künstliche Intelligenz? Ein Appell zur Sicherung von Freiheit und Demokratie.
- Content
- Neun internationale Experten warnen vor der Aushöhlung unserer Bürgerrechte und der Demokratie im Zuge der digitalen Technikrevolution. Wir steuern demnach geradewegs auf die Automatisierung unserer Gesellschaft und die Fernsteuerung ihrer Bürger durch Algorithmen zu, in denen sich »Big Data« und »Nudging«-Methoden zu einem mächtigen Instrument vereinen. Erste Ansätze dazu lassen sich bereits in China und Singapur beobachten. Ein Zehnpunkteplan soll helfen, jetzt die richtigen Weichen zu stellen, um auch im digitalen Zeitalter Freiheitsrechte und Demokratie zu bewahren und die sich ergebenden Chancen zu nutzen. Vgl. auch das Interview mit D. Helbing zur Resonanz unter: http://www.spektrum.de/news/wie-social-bots-den-brexit-verursachten/1423912. Vgl. auch: https://www.spektrum.de/kolumne/das-grosse-scheitern/1685328.
-
Slota, S.C.; Fleischmann, K.R.; Greenberg, S.; Verma, N.; Cummings, B.; Li, L.; Shenefiel, C.: Locating the work of artificial intelligence ethics (2023)
0.01
0.010973599 = product of:
0.043894395 = sum of:
0.043894395 = weight(_text_:data in 899) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043894395 = score(doc=899,freq=4.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.29644224 = fieldWeight in 899, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=899)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- The scale and complexity of the data and algorithms used in artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems present significant challenges for anticipating their ethical, legal, and policy implications. Given these challenges, who does the work of AI ethics, and how do they do it? This study reports findings from interviews with 26 stakeholders in AI research, law, and policy. The primary themes are that the work of AI ethics is structured by personal values and professional commitments, and that it involves situated meaning-making through data and algorithms. Given the stakes involved, it is not enough to simply satisfy that AI will not behave unethically; rather, the work of AI ethics needs to be incentivized.
-
Mason, R.O.; Mason, F.M.; Culnan, M.J.: Ethics of information management (1995)
0.01
0.010598094 = product of:
0.042392377 = sum of:
0.042392377 = product of:
0.08478475 = sum of:
0.08478475 = weight(_text_:processing in 784) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08478475 = score(doc=784,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18956426 = queryWeight, product of:
4.048147 = idf(docFreq=2097, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.4472613 = fieldWeight in 784, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.048147 = idf(docFreq=2097, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=784)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Managing information 3(1996) no.3, S.48 (R. Nelsson): Information processing and management 32(1996) no.4, S.497-498 (T.J. Froehlich)
-
Rockembach, M.; Malheiro da Silva, A.: Epistemology and ethics of big data (2018)
0.01
0.0103460075 = product of:
0.04138403 = sum of:
0.04138403 = weight(_text_:data in 4848) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04138403 = score(doc=4848,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.2794884 = fieldWeight in 4848, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4848)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Cronin, B.; Overfelt, K.: ¬The scholar's courtesy : a survey of acknowledgement behaviour (1994)
0.01
0.009052756 = product of:
0.036211025 = sum of:
0.036211025 = weight(_text_:data in 2461) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036211025 = score(doc=2461,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.24455236 = fieldWeight in 2461, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2461)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- Scholars in major US research universities were surveyed to explore the normative bases of acknowledgement behaviour. Measures of agreement and divergence were established in respect of five issue sets pertaining to acknowledgement practice: expectations, etiquette, ethics, equity and evaluation. The results confirm the substantive role played by acknowledgements in the primary communication process. Although few formal rules exist, it is clear that many scholars subscribe to the idea of a governing etiquette. The findings also suggest that acknowledgement data could be mined to lay bare the rules of engagement that define the dynamics of collaboration and interdependence among scholars
-
Nagenborg, M.: Privatheit - Menschenrecht oder eine Frage des Anstandes? (2008)
0.01
0.009052756 = product of:
0.036211025 = sum of:
0.036211025 = weight(_text_:data in 1698) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036211025 = score(doc=1698,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.24455236 = fieldWeight in 1698, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1698)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- Im ersten Teil des Beitrages wird eine kurze Zusammenfassung der Diskussion um den Schutz der Privatheit in Recht und Ethik gegeben. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Informationsethik. Im zweiten Teil werden einige für die Wissensorganisation relevante Beispiele für den Umgang mit personenbezogenen Daten diskutiert: u. a. Web Information Retrieval, Data Mining sowie FOAF als Beispiel für die Standardisierung von personenbezogenen Informationen.
-
Foundations of information ethics (2019)
0.01
0.007315732 = product of:
0.029262928 = sum of:
0.029262928 = weight(_text_:data in 5878) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.029262928 = score(doc=5878,freq=4.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.19762816 = fieldWeight in 5878, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5878)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- As discussions about the roles played by information in economic, political, and social arenas continue to evolve, the need for an intellectual primer on information ethics that also functions as a solid working casebook for LIS students and professionals has never been more urgent. This text, written by a stellar group of ethics scholars and contributors from around the globe, expertly fills that need. Organized into twelve chapters, making it ideal for use by instructors, this volume from editors Burgess and Knox thoroughly covers principles and concepts in information ethics, as well as the history of ethics in the information professions; examines human rights, information access, privacy, discourse, intellectual property, censorship, data and cybersecurity ethics, intercultural Information ethics, and global digital citizenship and responsibility; synthesizes the philosophical underpinnings of these key subjects with abundant primary source material to provide historical context along with timely and relevant case studies; features contributions from John M. Budd, Paul T. Jaeger, Rachel Fischer, Margaret Zimmerman, Kathrine A. Henderson, Peter Darch, Michael Zimmer, and Masooda Bashir, among others; and offers a special concluding chapter by Amelia Gibson that explores emerging issues in information ethics, including discussions ranging from the ethics of social media and social movements to AI decision making. This important survey will be a key text for LIS students and an essential reference work for practitioners.
- Content
- Inhalt: Principles and concepts in information ethics / John T.F. Burgess -- Human rights and information ethics / Paul T. Jaeger, Ursula Gorham, and Natalie Greene Taylor -- History of ethics in the information professions / John T.F. Burgess -- Information access / Emily J.M. Knox -- Privacy / Michael Zimmer -- Ethics of discourse / John M. Budd -- Intellectual property ethics / Kathrine Andrews Henderson -- Data ethics / Peter Darch -- Cybersecurity ethics / Jane Blanken-Webb, Imani Palmer, Roy H. Campbell, Nicholas C. Burbules, and Masooda Bashir -- Cognitive justice and intercultural communication ethics / Rachel Fischer and Erin Klazar -- Global digital citizenship / Margaret Zimmerman -- Emerging issues / Amelia Gibson.
-
Information cultures in the digital age : a Festschrift in Honor of Rafael Capurro (2016)
0.01
0.006719929 = product of:
0.026879717 = sum of:
0.026879717 = weight(_text_:data in 4127) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.026879717 = score(doc=4127,freq=6.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.18153305 = fieldWeight in 4127, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=4127)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Content
- Inhalt: Super-Science, Fundamental Dimension, Way of Being: Library and Information Science in an Age of Messages / Bawden, David (et al.) (S.31-43) - The "Naturalization" of the Philosophy of Rafael Capurro: Logic, Information and Ethics / Brenner, Joseph E. (S.45-64) - Turing's Cyberworld / Eldred, Michael (S.65-81) - Hermeneutics and Information Science: The Ongoing Journey From Simple Objective Interpretation to Understanding Data as a Form of Disclosure / Kelly, Matthew (S.83-110) - The Epistemological Maturity of Information Science and the Debate Around Paradigms / Ribeiro, Fernanda (et al.) (S.111-124) - A Methodology for Studying Knowledge Creation in Organizational Settings: A Phenomenological Viewpoint / Suorsa, Anna (et al.) (S.125-142) - The Significance of Digital Hermeneutics for the Philosophy of Technology / Tripathi, Arun Kumar (S.143-157) - Reconciling Social Responsibility and Neutrality in LIS Professional Ethics: A Virtue Ethics Approach / Burgess, John T F (S.161-172) - Information Ethics in the Age of Digital Labour and the Surveillance-Industrial Complex / Fuchs, Christian (S.173-190) - Intercultural Information Ethics: A Pragmatic Consideration / Hongladarom, Soraj (S.191-206) - Ethics of European Institutions as Normative Foundation of Responsible Research and Innovation in ICT / Stahl, Bernd Carsten (S.207-219) - Raphael's / Holgate, John D. (S.223-245) - Understanding the Pulse of Existence: An Examination of Capurro's Angeletics / Morador, Fernando Flores (S.247-252) - The Demon in the Gap of Language: Capurro, Ethics and language in Divided Germany / Saldanha, Gustavo Silva (S.253-268) - General Intellect, Communication and Contemporary Media Theory / Frohmann, Bernd (S.271-286) - "Data": The data / Furner, Jonathan (S.287-306) - On the Pre-History of Library Ethics: Documents and Legitimacy / Hansson, Joacim (S.307-319) -
-
Fleischmann, K.R.; Hui, C.; Wallace, W.A.: ¬The societal responsibilities of computational modelers : human values and professional codes of ethics (2017)
0.01
0.006466255 = product of:
0.02586502 = sum of:
0.02586502 = weight(_text_:data in 3424) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02586502 = score(doc=3424,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.17468026 = fieldWeight in 3424, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3424)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- Information and communication technology (ICT) has increasingly important implications for our everyday lives, with the potential to both solve existing social problems and create new ones. This article focuses on one particular group of ICT professionals, computational modelers, and explores how these ICT professionals perceive their own societal responsibilities. Specifically, the article uses a mixed-method approach to look at the role of professional codes of ethics and explores the relationship between modelers' experiences with, and attitudes toward, codes of ethics and their values. Statistical analysis of survey data reveals a relationship between modelers' values and their attitudes and experiences related to codes of ethics. Thematic analysis of interviews with a subset of survey participants identifies two key themes: that modelers should be faithful to the reality and values of users and that codes of ethics should be built from the bottom up. One important implication of the research is that those who value universalism and benevolence may have a particular duty to act on their values and advocate for, and work to develop, a code of ethics.
-
Brandt, M.B.: Ethical aspects in the organization of legislative lnformation (2018)
0.01
0.006466255 = product of:
0.02586502 = sum of:
0.02586502 = weight(_text_:data in 4149) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02586502 = score(doc=4149,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.17468026 = fieldWeight in 4149, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4149)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- The goal of this research is to analyze ethical questions related to the organization of legislative information (bills, laws, and speeches) within the scope of the Brazilian Federal legislature (Chamber of Deputies and Federal Senate). Field research including interviews was used to collect data in order to investigate the development of knowledge representation tools, such as thesauri and taxonomies , and subject indexing for organization of legislative information (bills, legislation, and speeches). The heads of all sectors responsible for the chosen activities were interviewed in person, and the answers were compared to common ethical problems described in knowledge organization (KO) literature. The results, in part, show a lack of clarity on ethical issues in the treatment of legislative information, pointing to ethical dilemmas and identifying problems such as informational directness, misrepresentation, and ambiguity, among others. The indexers in the Brazilian Congress found ambiguity the ethical aspect faced most often in their jobs. The next most frequent issue was professional inefficiency and in third place was a tie between informational directness and lack of cultural warrant. The research also describes solutions used for various ethical dilemmas. It was found that some indexing terms used to describe bills in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies have been subject to censorship and censored, or censurable, indexing terms have to be hidden in metadata so documents can be retrieved by users. It concludes that a greater ethical awareness of technical aspects is needed for Brazilian Federal legislative information professionals.
-
Broughton, V.: ¬The respective roles of intellectual creativity and automation in representing diversity : human and machine generated bias (2019)
0.01
0.006466255 = product of:
0.02586502 = sum of:
0.02586502 = weight(_text_:data in 5728) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02586502 = score(doc=5728,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14807065 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.17468026 = fieldWeight in 5728, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1620505 = idf(docFreq=5088, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5728)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- The paper traces the development of the discussion around ethical issues in artificial intelligence, and considers the way in which humans have affected the knowledge bases used in machine learning. The phenomenon of bias or discrimination in machine ethics is seen as inherited from humans, either through the use of biased data or through the semantics inherent in intellectually- built tools sourced by intelligent agents. The kind of biases observed in AI are compared with those identified in the field of knowledge organization, using religious adherents as an example of a community potentially marginalized by bias. A practical demonstration is given of apparent religious prejudice inherited from source material in a large database deployed widely in computational linguistics and automatic indexing. Methods to address the problem of bias are discussed, including the modelling of the moral process on neuroscientific understanding of brain function. The question is posed whether it is possible to model religious belief in a similar way, so that robots of the future may have both an ethical and a religious sense and themselves address the problem of prejudice.
-
Seadle, M.: Copyright in a networked world : ethics and infringement (2004)
0.01
0.006344468 = product of:
0.025377871 = sum of:
0.025377871 = product of:
0.050755743 = sum of:
0.050755743 = weight(_text_:22 in 2833) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050755743 = score(doc=2833,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2833, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2833)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1, S.106-110
-
Hammwöhner, R.: Anmerkungen zur Grundlegung der Informationsethik (2006)
0.01
0.006344468 = product of:
0.025377871 = sum of:
0.025377871 = product of:
0.050755743 = sum of:
0.050755743 = weight(_text_:22 in 6063) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050755743 = score(doc=6063,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 6063, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6063)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 13.10.2006 10:22:03
-
O'Neil, R.M.: Free speech in cyberspace (1998)
0.01
0.006344468 = product of:
0.025377871 = sum of:
0.025377871 = product of:
0.050755743 = sum of:
0.050755743 = weight(_text_:22 in 248) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050755743 = score(doc=248,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 248, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=248)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 15:50:50
-
Helbing, D.: ¬Das große Scheitern (2019)
0.01
0.006344468 = product of:
0.025377871 = sum of:
0.025377871 = product of:
0.050755743 = sum of:
0.050755743 = weight(_text_:22 in 5599) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050755743 = score(doc=5599,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 5599, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5599)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 25.12.2019 14:19:22
-
Aghemo, A.: Etica professionale e servizio di informazione (1993)
0.01
0.0055514094 = product of:
0.022205638 = sum of:
0.022205638 = product of:
0.044411276 = sum of:
0.044411276 = weight(_text_:22 in 2453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.044411276 = score(doc=2453,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 2453, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2453)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 6. 4.1996 13:22:31
-
Lengauer, E.: Analytische Rechtsethik im Kontext säkularer Begründungsdiskurse zur Würde biologischer Entitäten (2008)
0.01
0.0055514094 = product of:
0.022205638 = sum of:
0.022205638 = product of:
0.044411276 = sum of:
0.044411276 = weight(_text_:22 in 1697) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.044411276 = score(doc=1697,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16398162 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046827413 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 1697, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1697)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 17. 3.2008 15:17:22
