Search (264 results, page 1 of 14)

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Date

15. 7.2002 14:22:55

PRECIS

Society / Effects of technological development in information systems

Subject

Society / Effects of technological development in information systems

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Date

29. 3.1996 18:16:49

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Abstract

Throughout history, science has been considered as the engine of modernity, signalling the supremacy of rational thought. The post-modern world, in contrast, is characterised by globalisation engendered by the development of communication technology. In this context, information is a social product and information science has broken from the traditional model of science, abandoning its initial attempt to establish laws and focusing instead on users. This has resulted in interdisciplinary links with related fields such as psychology, communications theory etc. In Brazil development is unequal, with some regions at a post-modern stage and other still feudal or pre-modern. The role of information here is to level these disparities and create a more just society

Date

29. 1.1996 18:23:13

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Abstract

The development of electronic publishing heralds a new period in scientific communications. Besides the obvious advantages of an almost endless storage and transport capacity, many new features come to the fore. As each technology finds its own expressions in the ways scientific communication take form, we analyse print on paper scientific articles in order to obtain the necessary ingredients for shping a new model for electronic communications. A short historical overview shows that the typical form of the present-day linear (essay-type) scientific article is the result of a technological development over the centuries. The various characteristics of print on paper are discussed and the foreseeable changes to a more modular form of communication in an electronic environment are postulated. Subsequently we take the functions of the present-day scientific article vis-à-vis the author and the reader as starting points. We then focus on the process of scientific information transfer and deal essentially with the information consumption by the reader. Different types of information, at present intermingled in the linear article, can be separated and stored in well-defined, cognitive, textual modules. To serve the scientists better in finding their way through the information overload of today, we conclude that the electronic transfer of the future will be, in essence, a transfer of well-defined, cognitive information modules. In the last part pf this article we outline the first steps towards a heuristic model for such scientific information transfer

Date

2.12.2005 14:29:55

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Abstract

The project Information Pricing was carried out during the summer semester 2004 by four students and two lecturers. Aim of the project was to develop a new product- and pricing concept for the research centre of the Public Library Cologne. The intention was to increase its competitiveness, especially in the business customer segment. The initiating factor for the project was the significant decrease in requests from 1997 to 2001. This paper describes the development of different attributes of information, analysing various pricing concepts of private and public information providers as well as the development of a pricing concept which is aligned to the requirements and performance of the research centre. The final result was an improved pricing system for an enhanced range of products. The first step was getting more familiar with the characteristics of information and the methods that can be used to measure the value of information. One of the key issues to consider is the value of information for a customer and the question how this value can be charged. In order to be capable of evaluating all issues of information pricing and to develop a solid pricing system, it was essential to analyse and assess pricing modules based on their intension of use. For example, the differentiation of the pricing concept with regard to certain user segments like business or private users as well as members and non-members. Another option is to define prices dependant on the requested response times for research tasks and thereby reflect the urgency of those tasks directly in the pricing concept. Furthermore, the qualitative and quantitative differentiation of information has to be taken into account. All described approaches - and also combinations of these - should be considered when developing a new pricing system. It is also important to recognize the special role of the research centre as a part of the public library. Libraries fulfil a public contract for their users. In this case it has to be ensured that people of all social backgrounds have the chance to gain access to all kind of information. While presenting results to the Public library Cologne some problems arose, mainly the gap between theoretical and practical feasibility. The final result was a practical pricing system, which is easy to implement for the research centre and which is described in the paper.

Date

22. 7.2009 9:24:59

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Source

Research and development in expert systems III. Ed.: M.A. Bramer

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Content

Enthält die Kapitel: (1) HEIT, E.: Knowledge and concept learning (2) HAHN, U. u. N. CHATER: Concepts and similarity (3) MURPHY, G.L. u. M.E. LASSALINE: Hierarchical structure in concepts and the basic level of categorization (4) HAMPTON, J.: Conceptual combination (5) SMITH, L.B. u. L.K. SAMUELSON; Perceiving and remembering: category stability, variability and development (6) SHANKS, D.R.: Distributed representations and implicit knowledge: a brief introduction (7) KNOWLTON, B.: Declarative and nondeclarative knowledge: insights from cognitive neurosciences (8) GOSCHKE, T.: Implicit learning and unconscious knowledge: mental representation, computational mechanisms, and brain structures (9) WHITTLESEA, B.W.A.: The representation of general and particular knowledge (10) LAMBERTS, K.: Process models of categorization (11) BUSEMEYER, J.R. u.a.: Learning functional relations based on experience with input-output pairs by humans and artificial neural networks (12) STORMS, G. u. P. DeBOECK: Formal models for intra-categorial structure that can be used for data analysis

Date

29. 3.1996 18:16:49

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Abstract

Focuses on the concept of information and considers what is actually meant when the term is used. The arguments are illustrated by the work undertaken by the International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC) in its research initiative in information and its impact on development

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Source

Software development and reality construction. Ed.: C. Floyd et al

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Abstract

This chapter maps the Association of College and Research Libraries' Information Competency Standards for Higher Education to the cognitive development levels developed by William G. Perry and Patricia King and Karen Kitchener to suggest which competencies are appropriate for which level of cognitive development.

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Footnote

Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].

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Date

31.12.1996 19:29:41
22. 7.2000 19:02:07

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Date

31.12.1996 19:29:41
22. 7.2000 19:04:41

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Date

29. 7.2001 10:22:25

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Imprint

Ottawa : International Development Research Centre

Source

Making a difference: Measuring the impact of information on development. Proceedings of an International Development Research Centre Workshop, Ottawa, Canada, 10-12 July 1995. Ed. by P. McConnell

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Abstract

Examines the complex relationship between information investment and socio-economic development with special reference to the relevance and appropriateness of the information services offered to developinf countries. Emphasises the importance of cultural relativism in the varying potential of information to influence social development. Proposes a civic networking model which contributes to the empowerment of the people by ensuring that: citizens are provided with free or subsidized access to community (and other) information resources; the local community has a high level of equity/ownership in the design and maintenance of the information system/service; and content is locally negotiated and validated

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Abstract

This entry outlines the development of models of information behavior. The concept of a model is defined and the different types of model are identified. Models of information behavior are presented within a typology of descriptive model, decision-based models, and causal models. It is suggested that, in research terms, a movement from descriptive models to causal models is needed if theory development is to take place in the field.

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Abstract

Why do some nations prosper while others do not? While economists often turn to measures like GDP or per-capita income to answer this question, interdisciplinary theorist Cesar Hidalgo argues that there is a better way to understand economic success. Instead of measuring the money a country makes, he proposes, we can learn more from measuring a country's ability to make complex products--in other words, the ability to turn an idea into an artifact and imagination into capital. In Why Information Grows, Hidalgo combines the seemingly disparate fields of economic development and physics to present this new rubric for economic growth. He argues that viewing development solely in terms of money and politics is too simplistic to provide a true understanding of national wealth. Rather, we should be investigating what makes some countries more capable than others. Complex products--from films to robots, apps to automobiles--are a physical distillation of an economy's knowledge, a measurable embodiment of the education, infrastructure, and capability of an economy. Economic wealth is about applying this knowledge to turn ideas into tangible products, and the more complex these products, the more economic growth a country will experience. Just look at the East Asian countries, he argues, whose rapid rise can be attributed to their ability to manufacture products at all levels of complexity. A radical new interpretation of global economics, Why Information Grows overturns traditional assumptions about wealth and development. In a world where knowledge is quite literally power, Hidalgo shows how we can create societies that are limited by nothing more than their imagination"-- "Why do some nations prosper while others do not? Economists usually turn to measures such as gross domestic product or per capita income to answer this question, but interdisciplinary theorist Cesar Hidalgo argues that we can learn more by measuring a country's ability to make complex products. In Why Information Grows, Hidalgo combines the seemingly disparate fields of economic development and physics to present this new rubric for economic growth. He believes that we should investigate what makes some countries more capable than others. Complex products-from films to robots, apps to automobiles-are a physical distillation of an economy's knowledge, a measurable embodiment of its education, infrastructure, and capability. Economic wealth accrues when applications of this knowledge turn ideas into tangible products; the more complex its products, the more economic growth a country will experience. A radical new interpretation of global economics, Why Information Grows overturns traditional assumptions about the development of economies and the origins of wealth and takes a crucial step toward making economics less the dismal science and more the insightful one."

LCSH

Economic development

Subject

Economic development

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Abstract

The history of civilisation is inextricably bound up with the development of methods of recording and transmitting individual experience to successive generations. Collective memory becomes possible because of the development firstly of writing, then of printing. Now, with new media and methods for storing and transmitting information, and new techniques for facilitating access, collective memory refers not only to the evidence of the past, but to the collective experience of individuals in the present: in electronic systems where texts are encoded and decoded by machines, the reader is not obliged to follow an apriori linear approach, but can navigate freely and evade the confines of the original structure