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  • × classification_ss:"06.74 / Informationssysteme"
  1. Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 7th European conference, ECDL2003 Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003. Proceedings (2003) 0.05
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2003, held in Trondheim, Norway in August 2003. The 39 revised full papers and 8 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on uses, users, and user interfaces; metadata applications; annotation and recommendation; automatic classification and indexing; Web technologies; topical crawling and subject gateways; architectures and systems; knowledge organization; collection building and management; information retrieval; digital preservation; and indexing and searching of special documents and collection information.
    Classification
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Content
    Inhalt: Uses, Users, and User Interaction Metadata Applications - Semantic Browsing / Alexander Faaborg, Carl Lagoze Annotation and Recommendation Automatic Classification and Indexing - Cross-Lingual Text Categorization / Nuria Bel, Cornelis H.A. Koster, Marta Villegas - Automatic Multi-label Subject Indexing in a Multilingual Environment / Boris Lauser, Andreas Hotho Web Technologies Topical Crawling, Subject Gateways - VASCODA: A German Scientific Portal for Cross-Searching Distributed Digital Resource Collections / Heike Neuroth, Tamara Pianos Architectures and Systems Knowledge Organization: Concepts - The ADEPT Concept-Based Digital Learning Environment / T.R. Smith, D. Ancona, O. Buchel, M. Freeston, W. Heller, R. Nottrott, T. Tierney, A. Ushakov - A User Evaluation of Hierarchical Phrase Browsing / Katrina D. Edgar, David M. Nichols, Gordon W. Paynter, Kirsten Thomson, Ian H. Witten - Visual Semantic Modeling of Digital Libraries / Qinwei Zhu, Marcos Andre Gongalves, Rao Shen, Lillian Cassell, Edward A. Fox Collection Building and Management Knowledge Organization: Authorities and Works - Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR / Christian Monch, Trond Aalberg Information Retrieval in Different Application Areas Digital Preservation Indexing and Searching of Special Document and Collection Information
    RVK
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science; vol.2769
  2. Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 10th European conference ; proceedings / ECDL 2006, Alicante, Spain, September 17 - 22, 2006 ; proceedings (2006) 0.04
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2006, held in Alicante, Spain in September 2006. The 36 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 18 demo papers and 15 revised poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 159 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on architectures, preservation, retrieval, applications, methodology, metadata, evaluation, user studies, modeling, audiovisual content, and language technologies.
    Classification
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Content
    Inhalt u.a.: Architectures I Preservation Retrieval - The Use of Summaries in XML Retrieval / Zoltdn Szldvik, Anastasios Tombros, Mounia Laimas - An Enhanced Search Interface for Information Discovery from Digital Libraries / Georgia Koutrika, Alkis Simitsis - The TIP/Greenstone Bridge: A Service for Mobile Location-Based Access to Digital Libraries / Annika Hinze, Xin Gao, David Bainbridge Architectures II Applications Methodology Metadata Evaluation User Studies Modeling Audiovisual Content Language Technologies - Incorporating Cross-Document Relationships Between Sentences for Single Document Summarizations / Xiaojun Wan, Jianwu Yang, Jianguo Xiao - Semantic Web Techniques for Multiple Views on Heterogeneous Collections: A Case Study / Marjolein van Gendt, Antoine Isaac, Lourens van der Meij, Stefan Schlobach Posters - A Tool for Converting from MARC to FRBR / Trond Aalberg, Frank Berg Haugen, Ole Husby
    RVK
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science ; vol. 4172
  3. Information visualization in data mining and knowledge discovery (2002) 0.03
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    Date
    23. 3.2008 19:10:22
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.9, S.905-906 (C.A. Badurek): "Visual approaches for knowledge discovery in very large databases are a prime research need for information scientists focused an extracting meaningful information from the ever growing stores of data from a variety of domains, including business, the geosciences, and satellite and medical imagery. This work presents a summary of research efforts in the fields of data mining, knowledge discovery, and data visualization with the goal of aiding the integration of research approaches and techniques from these major fields. The editors, leading computer scientists from academia and industry, present a collection of 32 papers from contributors who are incorporating visualization and data mining techniques through academic research as well application development in industry and government agencies. Information Visualization focuses upon techniques to enhance the natural abilities of humans to visually understand data, in particular, large-scale data sets. It is primarily concerned with developing interactive graphical representations to enable users to more intuitively make sense of multidimensional data as part of the data exploration process. It includes research from computer science, psychology, human-computer interaction, statistics, and information science. Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) most often refers to the process of mining databases for previously unknown patterns and trends in data. Data mining refers to the particular computational methods or algorithms used in this process. The data mining research field is most related to computational advances in database theory, artificial intelligence and machine learning. This work compiles research summaries from these main research areas in order to provide "a reference work containing the collection of thoughts and ideas of noted researchers from the fields of data mining and data visualization" (p. 8). It addresses these areas in three main sections: the first an data visualization, the second an KDD and model visualization, and the last an using visualization in the knowledge discovery process. The seven chapters of Part One focus upon methodologies and successful techniques from the field of Data Visualization. Hoffman and Grinstein (Chapter 2) give a particularly good overview of the field of data visualization and its potential application to data mining. An introduction to the terminology of data visualization, relation to perceptual and cognitive science, and discussion of the major visualization display techniques are presented. Discussion and illustration explain the usefulness and proper context of such data visualization techniques as scatter plots, 2D and 3D isosurfaces, glyphs, parallel coordinates, and radial coordinate visualizations. Remaining chapters present the need for standardization of visualization methods, discussion of user requirements in the development of tools, and examples of using information visualization in addressing research problems.
    In 13 chapters, Part Two provides an introduction to KDD, an overview of data mining techniques, and examples of the usefulness of data model visualizations. The importance of visualization throughout the KDD process is stressed in many of the chapters. In particular, the need for measures of visualization effectiveness, benchmarking for identifying best practices, and the use of standardized sample data sets is convincingly presented. Many of the important data mining approaches are discussed in this complementary context. Cluster and outlier detection, classification techniques, and rule discovery algorithms are presented as the basic techniques common to the KDD process. The potential effectiveness of using visualization in the data modeling process are illustrated in chapters focused an using visualization for helping users understand the KDD process, ask questions and form hypotheses about their data, and evaluate the accuracy and veracity of their results. The 11 chapters of Part Three provide an overview of the KDD process and successful approaches to integrating KDD, data mining, and visualization in complementary domains. Rhodes (Chapter 21) begins this section with an excellent overview of the relation between the KDD process and data mining techniques. He states that the "primary goals of data mining are to describe the existing data and to predict the behavior or characteristics of future data of the same type" (p. 281). These goals are met by data mining tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modeling, and change or deviation detection. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how visualization can aid users in the interactive process of knowledge discovery by graphically representing the results from these iterative tasks. Finally, examples of the usefulness of integrating visualization and data mining tools in the domain of business, imagery and text mining, and massive data sets are provided. This text concludes with a thorough and useful 17-page index and lengthy yet integrating 17-page summary of the academic and industrial backgrounds of the contributing authors. A 16-page set of color inserts provide a better representation of the visualizations discussed, and a URL provided suggests that readers may view all the book's figures in color on-line, although as of this submission date it only provides access to a summary of the book and its contents. The overall contribution of this work is its focus an bridging two distinct areas of research, making it a valuable addition to the Morgan Kaufmann Series in Database Management Systems. The editors of this text have met their main goal of providing the first textbook integrating knowledge discovery, data mining, and visualization. Although it contributes greatly to our under- standing of the development and current state of the field, a major weakness of this text is that there is no concluding chapter to discuss the contributions of the sum of these contributed papers or give direction to possible future areas of research. "Integration of expertise between two different disciplines is a difficult process of communication and reeducation. Integrating data mining and visualization is particularly complex because each of these fields in itself must draw an a wide range of research experience" (p. 300). Although this work contributes to the crossdisciplinary communication needed to advance visualization in KDD, a more formal call for an interdisciplinary research agenda in a concluding chapter would have provided a more satisfying conclusion to a very good introductory text.
    With contributors almost exclusively from the computer science field, the intended audience of this work is heavily slanted towards a computer science perspective. However, it is highly readable and provides introductory material that would be useful to information scientists from a variety of domains. Yet, much interesting work in information visualization from other fields could have been included giving the work more of an interdisciplinary perspective to complement their goals of integrating work in this area. Unfortunately, many of the application chapters are these, shallow, and lack complementary illustrations of visualization techniques or user interfaces used. However, they do provide insight into the many applications being developed in this rapidly expanding field. The authors have successfully put together a highly useful reference text for the data mining and information visualization communities. Those interested in a good introduction and overview of complementary research areas in these fields will be satisfied with this collection of papers. The focus upon integrating data visualization with data mining complements texts in each of these fields, such as Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Fayyad et al., MIT Press) and Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think (Card et. al., Morgan Kauffman). This unique work is a good starting point for future interaction between researchers in the fields of data visualization and data mining and makes a good accompaniment for a course focused an integrating these areas or to the main reference texts in these fields."
    Series
    Morgan Kaufmann series in data management systems
  4. Hars, A.: From publishing to knowledge networks : reinventing online knowledge infrastructures (2003) 0.03
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    Abstract
    Today's publishing infrastructure is rapidly changing. As electronic journals, digital libraries, collaboratories, logic servers, and other knowledge infrastructures emerge an the internet, the key aspects of this transformation need to be identified. Knowledge is becoming increasingly dynamic and integrated. Instead of writing self-contained articles, authors are turning to the new practice of embedding their findings into dynamic networks of knowledge. Here, the author details the implications that this transformation is having an the creation, dissemination and organization of academic knowledge. The author Shows that many established publishing principles need to be given up in order to facilitate this transformation. The text provides valuable insights for knowledge managers, designers of internet-based knowledge infrastructures, and professionals in the publishing industry. Researchers will find the scenarios and implications for research processes stimulating and thought-provoking.
    LCSH
    Science publishing / Technological innovations
    Science / Periodicals
    Communication in science / Technological innovations
    Science / Methodology
    Science / Philosophy
    Subject
    Science publishing / Technological innovations
    Science / Periodicals
    Communication in science / Technological innovations
    Science / Methodology
    Science / Philosophy
  5. Farkas, M.G.: Social software in libraries : building collaboration, communication, and community online (2007) 0.02
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    Content
    Inhalt: What is social software? -- Blogs -- Blogs in libraries : practical applications -- RSS -- Wikis -- Online communities -- Social networking -- Social bookmarking and collaborative filtering -- Tools for synchronous online reference -- The mobile revolution -- Podcasting -- Screencasting and vodcasting -- Gaming -- What will work @ your library -- Keeping up : a primer -- Future trends in social software.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 59(1008) no.11, S.1866 (L.E. Harris)
    LCSH
    Telecommunication in libraries
    Wikis (Computer science)
    Subject
    Telecommunication in libraries
    Wikis (Computer science)
  6. ¬The history and heritage of scientific and technological information systems : Proceedings of the 2002 Conference (2004) 0.02
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    Content
    Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: Fugmann, R.: Learning the lessons of the past; Davis, C.H.: Indexing and index editing at Chemical Abstracts before the Registry System; Roe , E.M.: Abstracts and indexes to branded full text: what's in a name?; Lynch, M.F.: Introduction of computers in chemical structure information systems, or what is not recorded in the annals; Baatz, S.: Medical science and medical informatics: The visible human project, 1986-2000.
    LCSH
    Information storage and retrieval systems / Congresses / Science / History
    Subject
    Information storage and retrieval systems / Congresses / Science / History
  7. Croft, W.B.; Metzler, D.; Strohman, T.: Search engines : information retrieval in practice (2010) 0.02
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    Abstract
    For introductory information retrieval courses at the undergraduate and graduate level in computer science, information science and computer engineering departments. Written by a leader in the field of information retrieval, Search Engines: Information Retrieval in Practice, is designed to give undergraduate students the understanding and tools they need to evaluate, compare and modify search engines. Coverage of the underlying IR and mathematical models reinforce key concepts. The book's numerous programming exercises make extensive use of Galago, a Java-based open source search engine. SUPPLEMENTS / Extensive lecture slides (in PDF and PPT format) / Solutions to selected end of chapter problems (Instructors only) / Test collections for exercises / Galago search engine
  8. Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 11th European conference, ECDL 2007 / Budapest, Hungary, September 16-21, 2007, proceedings (2007) 0.02
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2007, held in Budapest, Hungary, in September 2007. The 36 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 36 revised poster, demo papers and 2 panel descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 153 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies, digital libraries and the web, models, multimedia and multilingual DLs, grid and peer-to-peer, preservation, user interfaces, document linking, information retrieval, personal information management, new DL applications, and user studies.
    Classification
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Content
    Inhalt u.a.: Ontologies - Ontology-Based Question Answering for Digital Libraries / Stephan Bloehdorn, Philipp Cimiano, Alistair Duke, Peter Haase, Jörg Heizmann, Ian Thurlow and Johanna Völker Digital libraries and the Web Models Multimedia and multilingual DLs - Roadmap for MultiLingual Information Access in the European Library / Maristella Agosti, Martin Braschler, Nicola Ferro, Carol Peters and Sjoerd Siebinga Grid and peer-to-peer Preservation User interfaces Document linking Information retrieval - Thesaurus-Based Feedback to Support Mixed Search and Browsing Environments / Edgar Meij and Maarten de Rijke - Extending Semantic Matching Towards Digital Library Contexts / László Kovács and András Micsik Personal information management New DL applications User studies
    LCSH
    Computer science
    RVK
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science ; vol. 4675
    Subject
    Computer science
  9. Multimedia content and the Semantic Web : methods, standards, and tools (2005) 0.02
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    Classification
    006.7 22
    Date
    7. 3.2007 19:30:22
    DDC
    006.7 22
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.3, S.457-458 (A.M.A. Ahmad): "The concept of the semantic web has emerged because search engines and text-based searching are no longer adequate, as these approaches involve an extensive information retrieval process. The deployed searching and retrieving descriptors arc naturally subjective and their deployment is often restricted to the specific application domain for which the descriptors were configured. The new era of information technology imposes different kinds of requirements and challenges. Automatic extracted audiovisual features are required, as these features are more objective, domain-independent, and more native to audiovisual content. This book is a useful guide for researchers, experts, students, and practitioners; it is a very valuable reference and can lead them through their exploration and research in multimedia content and the semantic web. The book is well organized, and introduces the concept of the semantic web and multimedia content analysis to the reader through a logical sequence from standards and hypotheses through system examples, presenting relevant tools and methods. But in some chapters readers will need a good technical background to understand some of the details. Readers may attain sufficient knowledge here to start projects or research related to the book's theme; recent results and articles related to the active research area of integrating multimedia with semantic web technologies are included. This book includes full descriptions of approaches to specific problem domains such as content search, indexing, and retrieval. This book will be very useful to researchers in the multimedia content analysis field who wish to explore the benefits of emerging semantic web technologies in applying multimedia content approaches. The first part of the book covers the definition of the two basic terms multimedia content and semantic web. The Moving Picture Experts Group standards MPEG7 and MPEG21 are quoted extensively. In addition, the means of multimedia content description are elaborated upon and schematically drawn. This extensive description is introduced by authors who are actively involved in those standards and have been participating in the work of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/MPEG for many years. On the other hand, this results in bias against the ad hoc or nonstandard tools for multimedia description in favor of the standard approaches. This is a general book for multimedia content; more emphasis on the general multimedia description and extraction could be provided.
    Semantic web technologies are explained, and ontology representation is emphasized. There is an excellent summary of the fundamental theory behind applying a knowledge-engineering approach to vision problems. This summary represents the concept of the semantic web and multimedia content analysis. A definition of the fuzzy knowledge representation that can be used for realization in multimedia content applications has been provided, with a comprehensive analysis. The second part of the book introduces the multimedia content analysis approaches and applications. In addition, some examples of methods applicable to multimedia content analysis are presented. Multimedia content analysis is a very diverse field and concerns many other research fields at the same time; this creates strong diversity issues, as everything from low-level features (e.g., colors, DCT coefficients, motion vectors, etc.) up to the very high and semantic level (e.g., Object, Events, Tracks, etc.) are involved. The second part includes topics on structure identification (e.g., shot detection for video sequences), and object-based video indexing. These conventional analysis methods are supplemented by results on semantic multimedia analysis, including three detailed chapters on the development and use of knowledge models for automatic multimedia analysis. Starting from object-based indexing and continuing with machine learning, these three chapters are very logically organized. Because of the diversity of this research field, including several chapters of recent research results is not sufficient to cover the state of the art of multimedia. The editors of the book should write an introductory chapter about multimedia content analysis approaches, basic problems, and technical issues and challenges, and try to survey the state of the art of the field and thus introduce the field to the reader.
    The final part of the book discusses research in multimedia content management systems and the semantic web, and presents examples and applications for semantic multimedia analysis in search and retrieval systems. These chapters describe example systems in which current projects have been implemented, and include extensive results and real demonstrations. For example, real case scenarios such as ECommerce medical applications and Web services have been introduced. Topics in natural language, speech and image processing techniques and their application for multimedia indexing, and content-based retrieval have been elaborated upon with extensive examples and deployment methods. The editors of the book themselves provide the readers with a chapter about their latest research results on knowledge-based multimedia content indexing and retrieval. Some interesting applications for multimedia content and the semantic web are introduced. Applications that have taken advantage of the metadata provided by MPEG7 in order to realize advance-access services for multimedia content have been provided. The applications discussed in the third part of the book provide useful guidance to researchers and practitioners properly planning to implement semantic multimedia analysis techniques in new research and development projects in both academia and industry. A fourth part should be added to this book: performance measurements for integrated approaches of multimedia analysis and the semantic web. Performance of the semantic approach is a very sophisticated issue and requires extensive elaboration and effort. Measuring the semantic search is an ongoing research area; several chapters concerning performance measurement and analysis would be required to adequately cover this area and introduce it to readers."
  10. Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 9th European conference, ECDL 2005, Vienna, Austria, September 18 - 23, 2005 ; proceedings (2005) 0.02
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2005, held in Vienna, Austria in September 2005. The 41 revised full papers presented together with 2 panel papers and 30 revised poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 162 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on digital library models and architectures, multimedia and hypermedia digital libraries, XML, building digital libraries, user studies, digital preservation, metadata, digital libraries and e-learning, text classification in digital libraries, searching, and text digital libraries.
    Classification
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Content
    Inhalt u.a.: - Digital Library Models and Architectures - Multimedia and Hypermedia Digital Libraries - XML - Building Digital Libraries - User Studies - Digital Preservation - Metadata - Digital Libraries and e-Learning - Text Classification in Digital Libraries - Searching - - Focused Crawling Using Latent Semantic Indexing - An Application for Vertical Search Engines / George Almpanidis, Constantine Kotropoulos, Ioannis Pitas - - Active Support for Query Formulation in Virtual Digital Libraries: A Case Study with DAFFODIL / Andre Schaefer, Matthias Jordan, Claus-Peter Klas, Norbert Fuhr - - Expression of Z39.50 Supported Search Capabilities by Applying Formal Descriptions / Michalis Sfakakis, Sarantos Kapidakis - Text Digital Libraries
    RVK
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science ; 3652
  11. Berry, M.W.; Browne, M.: Understanding search engines : mathematical modeling and text retrieval (1999) 0.02
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    Abstract
    This book discusses many of the key design issues for building search engines and emphazises the important role that applied mathematics can play in improving information retrieval. The authors discuss not only important data structures, algorithms, and software but also user-centered issues such as interfaces, manual indexing, and document preparation. They also present some of the current problems in information retrieval that many not be familiar to applied mathematicians and computer scientists and some of the driving computational methods (SVD, SDD) for automated conceptual indexing
    LCSH
    Text processing (Computer science)
    Subject
    Text processing (Computer science)
  12. Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 8th European conference, ECDL 2004, Bath, UK, September 12-17, 2004 : proceedings (2004) 0.02
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2004, held in Bath, UK in September 2004. The 47 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 148 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on digital library architectures, evaluation and usability, user interfaces and presentation, new approaches to information retrieval, interoperability, enhanced indexing and search methods, personalization and applications, music digital libraries, personal digital libraries, innovative technologies, open archive initiative, new models and tools, and user-centered design.
    Classification
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Content
    Inhalt: Digital Library Architectures Evaluation and Usability User Interfaces and Presentation New Approaches to Information Retrieval - From Abstract to Virtual Entities: Implementation of Work-Based Searching in a Multimedia Digital Library / Mark Notess, Jenn Riley, and Harriette Hemmasi Interoperability Enhanced Indexing and Searching Methods Personalisation and Annotation Music Digital Libraries Personal Digital Libraries Innovative Technologies for Digital Libraries Open Archives Initiative New Models and Tools User-Centred Design - Evaluating Strategic Support for Information Access in the DAFFODIL System / Claus-Peter Klas, Norbert Fuhr, and Andre Schaefer Innovative Technologies for Digital Libraries
    RVK
    SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science; vol.3232
  13. Thissen, F.: Screen-Design-Manual : Communicating Effectively Through Multimedia (2003) 0.02
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    Abstract
    The "Screen Design Manual" provides designers of interactive media with a practical working guide for preparing and presenting information that is suitable for both their target groups and the media they are using. It describes background information and relationships, clarifies them with the help of examples, and encourages further development of the language of digital media. In addition to the basics of the psychology of perception and learning, ergonomics, communication theory, imagery research, and aesthetics, the book also explores the design of navigation and orientation elements. Guidelines and checklists, along with the unique presentation of the book, support the application of information in practice.
    Date
    22. 3.2008 14:29:25
  14. Context: nature, impact, and role : 5th International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science, CoLIS 2005, Glasgow 2005; Proceedings (2005) 0.02
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    Classification
    SS 4800 [Informatik # Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen # Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) # Lecture notes in computer science]
    Content
    Das Buch ist in die Abschnitte Invited Papers (1 Beitrag, 1 Abstract), Representing Context (3 Beiträge), Context and Relevance in Information Seeking (3), Context and Information (3), Contextualised Information Seeking (3), Agendas for Context (3), Context and Documents (2) und Workshops (2 Ankündigungstexte) gegliedert und enthält ein simples Autoren-, jedoch kein Sachregister. Die Autoren der Beiträge stammen mit einigen Ausnahmen (Italien, Frankreich, Russland) aus den angelsächsischen und skandinavischen Ländern.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.3, S.100-103 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieses als Band 3507 der bekannten, seit 1973 erscheinenden Springer-Serie Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) publizierte Buch versammelt die Vorträge der 5. Tagung "Conceptions of Library and Information Science". CoLIS hat sich in den letzten anderthalb Jahrzehnten als internationales Forum für die Präsentation und Rezeption von Forschung auf den Fachgebieten Informatik und Informationswissenschaft etabliert. Auf die 1992 in Tampere (Finnland) anlässlich des damals 20jährigen Bestehens des dortigen Instituts für Informationswissenschaft abgehaltene erste Tagung folgten weitere in Kopenhagen (1996), Dubrovnik (1999) und Seattle, WA (2002). Die zuletzt an der Strathclyde University in Glasgow (2005) veranstaltete Konferenz war dem Thema "Context" im Rahmen der informationsbezogenen Forschung gewidmet, einem komplexen, dynamischen und multidimensionalen Begriff von grosser Bedeutung für das Verhalten und die Interaktion von Mensch und Maschine. . . .
    Am interessantesten und wichtigsten erschien mir der Grundsatzartikel von Peter Ingwersen und Kalervo Järvelin (Kopenhagen/Tampere), The sense of information: Understanding the cognitive conditional information concept in relation to information acquisition (S. 7-19). Hier versuchen die Autoren, den ursprünglich von Ingwersen1 vorgeschlagenen und damals ausschliesslich im Zusammenhang mit dem interaktiven Information Retrieval verwendeten Begriff "conditional cognitive information" anhand eines erweiterten Modells nicht nur auf das Gesamtgebiet von "information seeking and retrieval" (IS&R) auszuweiten, sondern auch auf den menschlichen Informationserwerb aus der Sinneswahrnehmung, wie z.B. im Alltag oder im Rahmen der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnistätigkeit. Dabei werden auch alternative Informationsbegriffe sowie die Beziehung von Information und Bedeutung diskutiert. Einen ebenfalls auf Ingwersen zurückgehenden Ansatz thematisiert der Beitrag von Birger Larsen (Kopenhagen), indem er sich mit dessen vor über 10 Jahren veröffentlichten2 Principle of Polyrepresentation befasst. Dieses beruht auf der Hypothese, wonach die Überlappung zwischen unterschiedlichen kognitiven Repräsentationen - nämlich jenen der Situation des Informationssuchenden und der Dokumente - zur Reduktion der einer Retrievalsituation anhaftenden Unsicherheit und damit zur Verbesserung der Performance des IR-Systems genutzt werden könne. Das Prinzip stellt die Dokumente, ihre Autoren und Indexierer, aber auch die sie zugänglich machende IT-Lösung in einen umfassenden und kohärenten theoretischen Bezugsrahmen, der die benutzerorientierte Forschungsrichtung "Information-Seeking" mit der systemorientierten IR-Forschung zu integrieren trachtet. Auf der Basis theoretischer Überlegungen sowie der (wenigen) dazu vorliegenden empirischen Studien hält Larsen das Model, das von Ingwersen sowohl für "exact match-IR" als auch für "best match-IR" intendiert war, allerdings schon in seinen Grundzügen für "Boolean" (d.h. "exact match"-orientiert) und schlägt ein "polyrepresentation continuum" als Verbesserungsmöglichkeit vor.
    Mehrere Beiträge befassen sich mit dem Problem der Relevanz. Erica Cosijn und Theo Bothma (Pretoria) argumentieren, dass für das Benutzerverhalten neben der thematischen Relevanz auch verschiedene andere Relevanzdimensionen eine Rolle spielen und schlagen auf der Basis eines (abermals auf Ingwersen zurückgehenden) erweiterten Relevanzmodells vor, dass IR-Systeme die Möglichkeit zur Abgabe auch kognitiver, situativer und sozio-kognitiver Relevanzurteile bieten sollten. Elaine Toms et al. (Kanada) berichten von einer Studie, in der versucht wurde, die schon vor 30 Jahren von Tefko Saracevic3 erstellten fünf Relevanzdimensionen (kognitiv, motivational, situativ, thematisch und algorithmisch) zu operationalisieren und anhand von Recherchen mit einer Web-Suchmaschine zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass sich diese fünf Dimensionen in drei Typen vereinen lassen, die Benutzer, System und Aufgabe repräsentieren. Von einer völlig anderen Seite nähern sich Olof Sundin und Jenny Johannison (Boras, Schweden) der Relevanzthematik, indem sie einen kommunikationsorientierten, neo-pragmatistischen Ansatz (nach Richard Rorty) wählen, um Informationssuche und Relevanz zu analysieren, und dabei auch auf das Werk von Michel Foucault zurückgreifen. Weitere interessante Artikel befassen sich mit Bradford's Law of Scattering (Hjørland & Nicolaisen), Information Sharing and Timing (Widén-Wulff & Davenport), Annotations as Context for Searching Documents (Agosti & Ferro), sowie dem Nutzen von neuen Informationsquellen wie Web Links, Newsgroups und Blogs für die sozial- und informationswissenschaftliche Forschung (Thelwall & Wouters). In Summe liegt hier ein interessantes und anspruchsvolles Buch vor - inhaltlich natürlich nicht gerade einheitlich und geschlossen, doch dies darf man bei einem Konferenzband ohnedies nicht erwarten. Manche der abgedruckten Beiträge sind sicher nicht einfach zu lesen, lohnen aber die Mühe. Auch für Praktiker aus Bibliothek und Information ist einiges dabei, sofern sie sich für die wissenschaftliche Basis ihrer Tätigkeit interessieren. Fachlich einschlägige Spezial- und grössere Allgemeinbibliotheken sollten das Werk daher unbedingt führen.
    Context: Nature, Impact and Role ist ein typischer LNCS-Softcover-Band in sauberem TeX-Design und mutet mit knapp 50 Euro zwar nicht als wohlfeil an, liegt aber angesichts heutiger Buchpreise im Rahmen. Die Zahl der Tippfehler hält sich in Grenzen, ist jedoch gelegentlich peinlich (z.B. wenn man auf S. 2, noch dazu im Fettdruck, "Tractaus" anstelle von "Tractatus" lesen muss). Als Kuriosum am Rande sei erwähnt, dass die einleitend abgedruckte Namensliste des CoLIS-Programmkomitees, immerhin rund 50 Personen, vom Computer fein säuberlich sortiert wurde - dies allerdings nach dem Alphabet der Vornamen der Komiteemitglieder, was offenbar weder den Herausgebern noch dem Verlag aufgefallen ist."
    RVK
    SS 4800 [Informatik # Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen # Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) # Lecture notes in computer science]
    Series
    Lecture notes in computer science; 3507
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  15. White, R.W.; Roth, R.A.: Exploratory search : beyond the query-response paradigm (2009) 0.02
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    Abstract
    As information becomes more ubiquitous and the demands that searchers have on search systems grow, there is a need to support search behaviors beyond simple lookup. Information seeking is the process or activity of attempting to obtain information in both human and technological contexts. Exploratory search describes an information-seeking problem context that is open-ended, persistent, and multifaceted, and information-seeking processes that are opportunistic, iterative, and multitactical. Exploratory searchers aim to solve complex problems and develop enhanced mental capacities. Exploratory search systems support this through symbiotic human-machine relationships that provide guidance in exploring unfamiliar information landscapes. Exploratory search has gained prominence in recent years. There is an increased interest from the information retrieval, information science, and human-computer interaction communities in moving beyond the traditional turn-taking interaction model supported by major Web search engines, and toward support for human intelligence amplification and information use. In this lecture, we introduce exploratory search, relate it to relevant extant research, outline the features of exploratory search systems, discuss the evaluation of these systems, and suggest some future directions for supporting exploratory search. Exploratory search is a new frontier in the search domain and is becoming increasingly important in shaping our future world.
  16. Innovations in information retrieval : perspectives for theory and practice (2011) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The advent of new information retrieval (IR) technologies and approaches to storage and retrieval provide communities with previously unheard of opportunities for mass documentation, digitization, and the recording of information in all its forms. This book introduces and contextualizes these developments and looks at supporting research in IR, the debates, theories and issues. Contributed by an international team of experts, each authored chapter provides a snapshot of changes in the field, as well as the importance of developing innovation, creativity and thinking in IR practice and research. Key discussion areas include: browsing in new information environments classification revisited: a web of knowledge approaches to fiction retrieval research music information retrieval research folksonomies, social tagging and information retrieval digital information interaction as semantic navigation assessing web search machines: a webometric approach. The questions raised are of significance to the whole international library and information science community, and this is essential reading for LIS professionals , researchers and students, and for all those interested in the future of IR.
    Content
    Inhalt: Bawden, D.: Encountering on the road to serendip? Browsing in new information environments. - Slavic, A.: Classification revisited: a web of knowledge. - Vernitski, A. u. P. Rafferty: Approaches to fiction retrieval research, from theory to practice? - Inskip, C.: Music information retrieval research. - Peters, I.: Folksonomies, social tagging and information retrieval. - Kopak, R., L. Freund u. H. O'Brien: Digital information interaction as semantic navigation. - Thelwall, M.: Assessing web search engines: a webometric approach
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 64(2911) H.3/4, S.547-553 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieser mit 156 Seiten (inklusive Register) relativ schmale Band enthält sieben mit dem Gütesiegel "peer-reviewed" versehene Beiträge namhafter Autoren zu "research fronts" auf dem Gebiet des Information Retrieval (IR) - ein Begriff, der hier durchaus breit verstanden wird. Wie die Herausgeber Allen Foster und Pauline Rafferty - beide aus dem Department of Information Studies an der Aberystwyth University (Wales) - in ihrer Einleitung betonen, sind Theorie und Praxis der Wissensorganisation im Internet- Zeitalter nicht mehr nur die Domäne von Informationswissenschaftlern und Bibliotheksfachleuten, sondern auch von Informatikern, Semantic-Web-Entwicklern und Wissensmanagern aus den verschiedensten Institutionen; neben das wissenschaftliche Interesse am Objektbereich ist nun auch das kommerzielle getreten. Die Verarbeitung von Massendaten, die Beschäftigung mit komplexen Medien und die Erforschung der Möglichkeiten zur Einbeziehung der Rezipienten sind insbesondere die Aspekte, um die es heute geht. ..." Weitere Rez. in: Library review 61(2012) no.3, S.233-235 (G. Macgregor); J. Doc. 69(2013) no.2, S.320-321 (J. Bates)
  17. Floridi, L.: Philosophy and computing : an introduction (1999) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Philosophy and Computing explores each of the following areas of technology: the digital revolution; the computer; the Internet and the Web; CD-ROMs and Mulitmedia; databases, textbases, and hypertexts; Artificial Intelligence; the future of computing. Luciano Floridi shows us how the relationship between philosophy and computing provokes a wide range of philosophical questions: is there a philosophy of information? What can be achieved by a classic computer? How can we define complexity? What are the limits of quantam computers? Is the Internet an intellectual space or a polluted environment? What is the paradox in the Strong Artificial Intlligence program? Philosophy and Computing is essential reading for anyone wishing to fully understand both the development and history of information and communication technology as well as the philosophical issues it ultimately raises. 'The most careful and scholarly book to be written on castles in a generation.'
    LCSH
    Computer science / Philosophy
    Subject
    Computer science / Philosophy
  18. Medienkompetenz : wie lehrt und lernt man Medienkompetenz? (2003) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Die Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz wird künftig zu den Kernaufgaben der Bibliotheken gehören müssen. Dies ist auch eines der Hauptarbeitsfelder des Rezensenten, der aus eigener Praxis sieht, welche Schwierigkeiten sich hierbei finden: Viele Klienten erkennen ihren eigenen Informationsbedarf nicht, können ein fachliches nicht von einem informatorischen Problem trennen, sind nicht in der Lage, für ihr spezifisches Problem potenzielle Informationsquellen zu finden und haben vor allem Probleme, die Verbindung zwischen elektronischer und gedruckter WeIt zu schaffen, die somit praktisch unverbunden nebeneinander existieren (vgl. Rainer Strzolka: Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz als Informationsdienstleistung? Vortrag, FH Köln, Fakultät für Informations- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Institut für Informationswissenschaft, am 31. Oktober 2003). Der Brückenschlag zwischen diesen beiden Welten gehört zu den Aufgaben professioneller Informationsvermittler, die nicht nur in der Digitalwelt firm sein müssen, aber auch dort. Nicht zuletzt müssen die gefundenen Informationen ergebnisorientiert genutzt und kritisch bewertet werden und die gefundenen Antworten zur Problemlösung eingesetzt werden. Die Informationslandschaft ist mit ihren verschiedenen Wissensmarktplätzen und Informationsräumen inzwischen so komplex geworden, dass eine kleine Handreichung dazu geeignet erscheint, vor allem die eigene Position des Informationsvermittlers zu überdenken. Zudem ist die aktive Informationsvermittlung noch ein dürres Feld in Deutschland. Die vorliegende kleine Erfahrungsstudie schickt sich an, dies zu ändern. Der Ansatz geht davon aus, dass jeder Vermittler von Medienkompetenz Lehrer wie Lernender zugleich ist; die Anlage ist wie bei allen BibSpider-Publikationen international ausgerichtet. Der Band ist komplett zweisprachig und versammelt Erfahrungsberichte aus der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, den USA und Südafrika, die eher als Ansatz zur Bewusstseinsbildung denn als Arbeitsanleitung gedacht sind. Eingeleitet wird der Band von einer terminologischen Herleitung des Begriffs aus dem Angelsächsischen und den verschiedenen Bedeutungsebenen, die durch unterschiedliche Bildungs- und Informationskulturen bedingt sind. Angerissen werden verschiedene Arbeitsgebiete und -erfahrungen.
    Date
    22. 3.2008 18:05:16
  19. Weller, K.: Knowledge representation in the Social Semantic Web (2010) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The main purpose of this book is to sum up the vital and highly topical research issue of knowledge representation on the Web and to discuss novel solutions by combining benefits of folksonomies and Web 2.0 approaches with ontologies and semantic technologies. This book contains an overview of knowledge representation approaches in past, present and future, introduction to ontologies, Web indexing and in first case the novel approaches of developing ontologies. This title combines aspects of knowledge representation for both the Semantic Web (ontologies) and the Web 2.0 (folksonomies). Currently there is no monographic book which provides a combined overview over these topics. focus on the topic of using knowledge representation methods for document indexing purposes. For this purpose, considerations from classical librarian interests in knowledge representation (thesauri, classification schemes etc.) are included, which are not part of most other books which have a stronger background in computer science.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: iwp 62(2011) H.4, S.205-206 (C. Carstens): "Welche Arten der Wissensrepräsentation existieren im Web, wie ausgeprägt sind semantische Strukturen in diesem Kontext, und wie können soziale Aktivitäten im Sinne des Web 2.0 zur Strukturierung von Wissen im Web beitragen? Diesen Fragen widmet sich Wellers Buch mit dem Titel Knowledge Representation in the Social Semantic Web. Der Begriff Social Semantic Web spielt einerseits auf die semantische Strukturierung von Daten im Sinne des Semantic Web an und deutet andererseits auf die zunehmend kollaborative Inhaltserstellung im Social Web hin. Weller greift die Entwicklungen in diesen beiden Bereichen auf und beleuchtet die Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen, die aus der Kombination der Aktivitäten im Semantic Web und im Social Web entstehen. Der Fokus des Buches liegt dabei primär auf den konzeptuellen Herausforderungen, die sich in diesem Kontext ergeben. So strebt die originäre Vision des Semantic Web die Annotation aller Webinhalte mit ausdrucksstarken, hochformalisierten Ontologien an. Im Social Web hingegen werden große Mengen an Daten von Nutzern erstellt, die häufig mithilfe von unkontrollierten Tags in Folksonomies annotiert werden. Weller sieht in derartigen kollaborativ erstellten Inhalten und Annotationen großes Potenzial für die semantische Indexierung, eine wichtige Voraussetzung für das Retrieval im Web. Das Hauptinteresse des Buches besteht daher darin, eine Brücke zwischen den Wissensrepräsentations-Methoden im Social Web und im Semantic Web zu schlagen. Um dieser Fragestellung nachzugehen, gliedert sich das Buch in drei Teile. . . .
    Insgesamt besticht das Buch insbesondere durch seine breite Sichtweise, die Aktualität und die Fülle an Referenzen. Es ist somit sowohl als Überblickswerk geeignet, das umfassend über aktuelle Entwicklungen und Trends der Wissensrepräsentation im Semantic und Social Web informiert, als auch als Lektüre für Experten, für die es vor allem als kontextualisierte und sehr aktuelle Sammlung von Referenzen eine wertvolle Ressource darstellt." Weitere Rez. in: Journal of Documentation. 67(2011), no.5, S.896-899 (P. Rafferty)
  20. TREC: experiment and evaluation in information retrieval (2005) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC), a yearly workshop hosted by the US government's National Institute of Standards and Technology, provides the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies. With the goal of accelerating research in this area, TREC created the first large test collections of full-text documents and standardized retrieval evaluation. The impact has been significant; since TREC's beginning in 1992, retrieval effectiveness has approximately doubled. TREC has built a variety of large test collections, including collections for such specialized retrieval tasks as cross-language retrieval and retrieval of speech. Moreover, TREC has accelerated the transfer of research ideas into commercial systems, as demonstrated in the number of retrieval techniques developed in TREC that are now used in Web search engines. This book provides a comprehensive review of TREC research, summarizing the variety of TREC results, documenting the best practices in experimental information retrieval, and suggesting areas for further research. The first part of the book describes TREC's history, test collections, and retrieval methodology. Next, the book provides "track" reports -- describing the evaluations of specific tasks, including routing and filtering, interactive retrieval, and retrieving noisy text. The final part of the book offers perspectives on TREC from such participants as Microsoft Research, University of Massachusetts, Cornell University, University of Waterloo, City University of New York, and IBM. The book will be of interest to researchers in information retrieval and related technologies, including natural language processing.
    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: 1. The Text REtrieval Conference - Ellen M. Voorhees and Donna K. Harman 2. The TREC Test Collections - Donna K. Harman 3. Retrieval System Evaluation - Chris Buckley and Ellen M. Voorhees 4. The TREC Ad Hoc Experiments - Donna K. Harman 5. Routing and Filtering - Stephen Robertson and Jamie Callan 6. The TREC Interactive Tracks: Putting the User into Search - Susan T. Dumais and Nicholas J. Belkin 7. Beyond English - Donna K. Harman 8. Retrieving Noisy Text - Ellen M. Voorhees and John S. Garofolo 9.The Very Large Collection and Web Tracks - David Hawking and Nick Craswell 10. Question Answering in TREC - Ellen M. Voorhees 11. The University of Massachusetts and a Dozen TRECs - James Allan, W. Bruce Croft and Jamie Callan 12. How Okapi Came to TREC - Stephen Robertson 13. The SMART Project at TREC - Chris Buckley 14. Ten Years of Ad Hoc Retrieval at TREC Using PIRCS - Kui-Lam Kwok 15. MultiText Experiments for TREC - Gordon V. Cormack, Charles L. A. Clarke, Christopher R. Palmer and Thomas R. Lynam 16. A Language-Modeling Approach to TREC - Djoerd Hiemstra and Wessel Kraaij 17. BM Research Activities at TREC - Eric W. Brown, David Carmel, Martin Franz, Abraham Ittycheriah, Tapas Kanungo, Yoelle Maarek, J. Scott McCarley, Robert L. Mack, John M. Prager, John R. Smith, Aya Soffer, Jason Y. Zien and Alan D. Marwick Epilogue: Metareflections on TREC - Karen Sparck Jones
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.6, S.910-911 (J.L. Vicedo u. J. Gomez): "The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is a yearly workshop hosted by the U.S. government's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that fosters and supports research in information retrieval as well as speeding the transfer of technology between research labs and industry. Since 1992, TREC has provided the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluations of different text retrieval methodologies. TREC impact has been very important and its success has been mainly supported by its continuous adaptation to the emerging information retrieval needs. Not in vain, TREC has built evaluation benchmarks for more than 20 different retrieval problems such as Web retrieval, speech retrieval, or question-answering. The large and intense trajectory of annual TREC conferences has resulted in an immense bulk of documents reflecting the different eval uation and research efforts developed. This situation makes it difficult sometimes to observe clearly how research in information retrieval (IR) has evolved over the course of TREC. TREC: Experiment and Evaluation in Information Retrieval succeeds in organizing and condensing all this research into a manageable volume that describes TREC history and summarizes the main lessons learned. The book is organized into three parts. The first part is devoted to the description of TREC's origin and history, the test collections, and the evaluation methodology developed. The second part describes a selection of the major evaluation exercises (tracks), and the third part contains contributions from research groups that had a large and remarkable participation in TREC. Finally, Karen Spark Jones, one of the main promoters of research in IR, closes the book with an epilogue that analyzes the impact of TREC on this research field.
    ... TREC: Experiment and Evaluation in Information Retrieval is a reliable and comprehensive review of the TREC program and has been adopted by NIST as the official history of TREC (see http://trec.nist.gov). We were favorably surprised by the book. Well structured and written, chapters are self-contained and the existence of references to specialized and more detailed publications is continuous, which makes it easier to expand into the different aspects analyzed in the text. This book succeeds in compiling TREC evolution from its inception in 1992 to 2003 in an adequate and manageable volume. Thanks to the impressive effort performed by the authors and their experience in the field, it can satiate the interests of a great variety of readers. While expert researchers in the IR field and IR-related industrial companies can use it as a reference manual, it seems especially useful for students and non-expert readers willing to approach this research area. Like NIST, we would recommend this reading to anyone who may be interested in textual information retrieval."
    LCSH
    Text processing (Computer science) / Congresses
    Subject
    Text processing (Computer science) / Congresses

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