Search (9 results, page 1 of 1)

0.021427104 = product of:
  0.057138946 = sum of:
    0.032785866 = weight(_text_:europe in 3312) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.032785866 = score(doc=3312,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.24358861 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.091085 = idf(docFreq=271, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.13459523 = fieldWeight in 3312, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.091085 = idf(docFreq=271, maxDocs=44218)
          0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=3312)
    0.016690545 = weight(_text_:computer in 3312) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.016690545 = score(doc=3312,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.114203416 = fieldWeight in 3312, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=3312)
    0.007662534 = product of:
      0.015325068 = sum of:
        0.015325068 = weight(_text_:22 in 3312) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.015325068 = score(doc=3312,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.1400417 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.039991006 = queryNorm
            0.109432176 = fieldWeight in 3312, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=3312)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.375 = coord(3/8)

Classification

303.48/33 22

DDC

303.48/33 22

Footnote

The opening chapter provides a 10-page introduction to social informatics and identifies three high-level subdomains of the field: the normative, analytical, and critical orientations. Chapter 2 then narrows the focus to the social, technical, and institutional nature and consequences of ICTs, and provides a well-chosen review and analysis of social informatics research, mostly case studies of system implementations gone wrong. The recurring finding in these cases is that the social and institutional context of the system implementation was not sufficiently accounted for. In light of these concrete examples, the value and applicability of a social informatics perspective becomes clear. The chapters are organized exceptionally well, with bullet points and tables summarizing core ideas. One particularly good example of the organization of ideas is a table comparing designer-centric and social design views on the task of designing ICTs for workplaces (p. 42). Included are the different views of work, intended goals, design assumptions, and technological choices inherent in each design philosophy. Readers can immediately grasp how a social informatics perspective, as opposed to the more traditional designer-centric perspective, would result in significant differences in the design of workplace ICTs. The chapter titled, "Social Informatics for Designers, Developers, and Implementers of ICT Based Systems," provides an extremely focused introduction to the importance of social informatics for system builders, with more examples of large-scale system breakdowns resulting from failure to account for context, such as the 1988 destruction of a civilian passenger jet in the Persian Gulf by the USS Vincennes. However, many of the chapter subheadings have promising titles such as "ICTs Rarely Cause Social Transformations" (p. 28), and though the findings of several studies that reach this conclusion are reviewed, this section is but a page in length and no dissenting findings are mentioned; this seems insufficient support for such a substantial claim. Throughout the book, conclusions from different studies are effectively juxtaposed and summarized to create a sense of a cohesive body of social informatics research findings, which are expressed in a very accessible manner. At the same time, the findings are discussed in relation to their applicability to diverse audiences outside the social informatics field: system designers and developers, ICT policy analysts, teachers of technical curricula, and ICT professionals. Anticipating and addressing the concerns of such a diverse group of audiences outside the field of social informatics is an admirable but overly ambitious goal to achieve in a 153-page book (not counting the excellent glossary, references, and appendices). For example, the chapter on social informatics for ICT policy analysts includes approximately twenty pages of ICT policy history in the U.S. and Europe, which seems a luxury in such a small volume. Though it is unquestionably relevant material, it does not fit well with the rest of the book and might be more effective as a stand-alone chapter for an information policy course, perhaps used in tandem with the introduction.
In the authors' view, the primary means to more widespread acceptance of social informatics is to integrate it with the more traditionally technical curricula of ICT oriented students in computer science and related fields, and this is the focus of Chapter 5. Here the book delivers on its promise of providing a clear framework for both understanding and teaching social informatics. The goal is not simply to learn how to build systems, but to learn how to build systems that account for the context in which they are used. The authors prescribe field experience problem-driven learning techniques embedded in the needs of particular organizations, and a critical, reflexive orientation toward ICT design and construction. In a chapter endnote, the authors mention that a socia informatics perspective would also be useful to students in other fields such as communication and education, but that space limitations required a focus on computer science. Though an understandable choice, if the goal is to convince those outside the field of the value of a social informatics perspective, it would seem natural to include management or economics curricula as fertile ground to analyze some of the tangible effects of a failure to account for the social context of system implementations. Chapter 6 is something of an outreach manifesto, a treatise on communicating social informatics research to professional and research communities, and an explicit call for social informatics researchers "to shoulder the responsibility for communicating the core of social informatics . . . to ICT professionals and other research communities" (pp. 106-107). The authors are not shy about framing social informatics less as a research field and more as an up-and-coming competitor in the marketplace of ICT-oriented ideas; achieving more widespread acceptance of social informatics is presented almost as a sales and marketing challenge, the goal being "getting to yes" in the minds of ICT professionals. It is an effective presentation strategy, but one that comes with a cost.

0.012647631 = product of:
  0.101181045 = sum of:
    0.101181045 = weight(_text_:computer in 4025) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.101181045 = score(doc=4025,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.6923214 = fieldWeight in 4025, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4025)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Footnote

Originaltitel: Computer power and human reason

RSWK

Computer / Kulturphilosophie (BVB)
Computer / Menschenbild (SBPK)

Subject

Computer / Kulturphilosophie (BVB)
Computer / Menschenbild (SBPK)

0.009896276 = product of:
  0.079170205 = sum of:
    0.079170205 = weight(_text_:computer in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.079170205 = score(doc=3708,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.5417144 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Abstract

Dieses Buch handelt vom Wesen der menschlichen Intelligenz und davon, was es bedeuten würde, über 'Maschinen-Intelligenz' zu verfügen. Schon immer war es Ziel und Wunschtraum genialer Denker und Erfinder, die 'denkende Maschine' als Hilfsapparat für den Menschen zu konstruieren. Erst in unserer Zeit nähern wir uns mit Unterstützung des Computers der Verwirklichung der in der Tat hochfliegenden Pläne. Die Öffentlichkeit hat die Künstliche Intelligenz entdeckt, ist aber nicht ganz sicher, was das eigentlich ist. Schließlich müssen wir die Frage, was Computer können, parallel zu der Frage betrachten, WAS MENSCHEN KÖNNEN. Es fällt daher bis heute selbst den Fachleuten außerordentlich schwer, den Computer-Maschinen das Denken beizubringen.

Footnote

Originaltitel: The cognitive computer

RSWK

Computer / Intelligenz / Künstliche Intelligenz (SBPK)

Subject

Computer / Intelligenz / Künstliche Intelligenz (SBPK)

0.00851315 = product of:
  0.0340526 = sum of:
    0.026390066 = weight(_text_:computer in 91) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.026390066 = score(doc=91,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.18057145 = fieldWeight in 91, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=91)
    0.007662534 = product of:
      0.015325068 = sum of:
        0.015325068 = weight(_text_:22 in 91) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.015325068 = score(doc=91,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.1400417 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.039991006 = queryNorm
            0.109432176 = fieldWeight in 91, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=91)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(2/8)

Classification

303.48/33 22 (LoC)

DDC

303.48/33 22 (LoC)

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.1, S.150-151 (L. Westbrook): "The purpose of this volume is to bring together various analyses by international scholars of the social and cultural impact of information technology on individuals and societies (preface, n.p.). It grew from the First International Conference on Human Perspectives in the Internet Society held in Cadiz, Spain, in 2004. The editors and contributors have addressed an impressive array of significant issues with rigorous research and insightful analysis although the resulting volume does suffer from the usual unevenness in depth and content that affects books based on conference proceedings. Although the $256 price is prohibitive for many individual scholars, the effort to obtain a library edition for perusal regarding particular areas of interest is likely to prove worthwhile. Unlike many international conferences that are able to attract scholars from only a handful of nations, this genuinely diverse conference included research conducted in Australia, Beijing, Canada, Croatia, the Czech Republic, England, Fiji, Germany, Greece, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Norway, Russia, Scotland, South Africa, Sweden, Taiwan, and the United States. The expense of a conference format and governmental travel restrictions may have precluded greater inclusion of the work being done to develop information technology for use in nonindustrialized nations in support of economic, social justice, and political movements. Although the cultural variants among these nations preclude direct cross-cultural comparisons, many papers carefully provide sufficient background information to make basic conceptual transfers possible. A great strength of the work is the unusual combination of academic disciplines that contributes substantially to the depth of many individual papers, particularly when they are read within the larger context of the entire volume. Although complete professional affiliations are not universally available, the authors who did name their affiliation come from widely divergent disciplines including accounting, business administration, architecture, business computing, communication, computing, economics, educational technology, environmental management, experimental psychology, gender research in computer science, geography, human work sciences, humanistic informatics, industrial engineering, information management, informatics in transport and telecommunications, information science, information technology, management, mathematics, organizational behavior, pedagogy, psychology, telemedicine, and women's education. This is all to the good, but the lack of representation from departments of women's studies, gender studies, and library studies certainly limits the breadth and depth of the perspectives provided.
The volume is organized into 13 sections, each of which contains between two and eight conference papers. As with most conferences, the papers do not cover the issues in each section with equal weight or depth but the editors have grouped papers into reasonable patterns. Section 1 covers "understanding online behavior" with eight papers on problems such as e-learning attitudes, the neuropsychology of HCI, Japanese blogger motivation, and the dividing line between computer addiction and high engagement. Sections 2 (personality and computer attitudes), 3 (cyber interactions), and 4 (new interaction methods) each contain only two papers on topics such as helmet-mounted displays, online energy audits, and the use of ICT in family life. Sections 6, 7, and 8 focus on gender issues with papers on career development, the computer literacy of Malaysian women, mentoring, gaming, and faculty job satisfaction. Sections 9 and 10 move to a broader examination of cyber society and its diversity concerns with papers on cultural identity, virtual architecture, economic growth's impact on culture, and Iranian development impediments. Section 11's two articles on advertising might well have been merged with those of section 13's ebusiness. Section 12 addressed education with papers on topics such as computer-assisted homework, assessment, and Web-based learning. It would have been useful to introduce each section with a brief definition of the theme, summaries of the major contributions of the authors, and analyses of the gaps that might be addressed in future conferences. Despite the aforementioned concerns, this volume does provide a uniquely rich array of technological analyses embedded in social context. An examination of recent works in related areas finds nothing that is this complex culturally or that has such diversity of disciplines. Cultural Production in a Digital Age (Klinenberg, 2005), Perspectives and Policies on ICT in Society (Berleur & Avgerou, 2005), and Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Information Technology (Brennan & Johnson, 2004) address various aspects of the society/Internet intersection but this volume is unique in its coverage of psychology, gender, and culture issues in cyberspace. The lip service often given to global concerns and the value of interdisciplinary analysis of intransigent social problems seldom develop into a genuine willingness to listen to unfamiliar research paradigms. Academic silos and cultural islands need conferences like this one-willing to take on the risk of examining the large questions in an intellectually open space. Editorial and methodological concerns notwithstanding, this volume merits review and, where appropriate, careful consideration across disciplines."

0.004172636 = product of:
  0.03338109 = sum of:
    0.03338109 = weight(_text_:computer in 3407) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03338109 = score(doc=3407,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.22840683 = fieldWeight in 3407, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=3407)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Abstract

Over the last four decades computers and the internet have become an intrinsic part of all our lives, but this speed of development has left related philosophical enquiry behind. Featuring the work of computer scientists and philosophers, these essays provide an overview of an exciting new area of philosophy that is still taking shape.

Content

Introduction: Philosophy's Relevance in Computing and Information Science - Ruth Hagengruber and Uwe V.Riss Part I: Philosophy of Computing and Information 1 The Fourth Revolution in our Self-Understanding - Luciano Floridi -- 2 Information Transfer as a Metaphor - Jakob Krebs -- 3 With Aristotle towards a Differentiated Concept of Information? - Uwe Voigt -- 4 The Influence of Philosophy on the Understanding of Computing and Information - Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski -- Part II: Complexity and System Theory 5 The Emergence of Self-Conscious Systems: From Symbolic AI to Embodied Robotics - Klaus Mainzer -- 6 Artificial Intelligence as a New Metaphysical Project - Aziz F. Zambak Part III: Ontology 7 The Relevance of Philosophical Ontology to Information and Computer Science - Barry Smith -- 8 Ontology, its Origins and its Meaning in Information Science - Jens Kohne -- 9 Smart Questions: Steps towards an Ontology of Questions and Answers - Ludwig Jaskolla and Matthias Rugel Part IV: Knowledge Representation 10 Sophisticated Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Requires Philosophy - Selmer Bringsjord, Micah Clark and Joshua Taylor -- 11 On Frames and Theory-Elements of Structuralism Holger Andreas -- 12 Ontological Complexity and Human Culture David J. Saab and Frederico Fonseca Part V: Action Theory 13 Knowledge and Action between Abstraction and Concretion - Uwe V.Riss -- 14 Action-Directing Construction of Reality in Product Creation Using Social Software: Employing Philosophy to Solve Real-World Problems - Kai Holzweifiig and Jens Krüger -- 15 An Action-Theory-Based Treatment ofTemporal Individuals - Tillmann Pross -- 16 Four Rules for Classifying Social Entities - Ludger Jansen Part VI: Info-Computationalism 17 Info-Computationalism and Philosophical Aspects of Research in Information Sciences - Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic -- 18 Pancomputationalism: Theory or Metaphor ? - Vincent C. Mutter Part VII: Ethics 19 The Importance of the Sources of Professional Obligations - Francis C. Dane

0.0036881242 = product of:
  0.029504994 = sum of:
    0.029504994 = weight(_text_:computer in 3941) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.029504994 = score(doc=3941,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.20188503 = fieldWeight in 3941, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3941)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Abstract

Es war René Descartes, der die Welt im 17. Jahrhundert auf den Kurs steuerte, dessen Stationen bald seine kühnsten Träume übersteigen sollten: die Rationalisierung der Welt, ihre Erkundung und Beherrschung durch die Methoden der Messung, des Zählens, Quantifizierens und Analysierens. Philip J. Davis und Reuben Hersh fahren diese Route erneut ab und stellen in ihrem »Kursbuch«, das erstmals 1986 erschien, eine Reihe wichtiger Fragen: Wie beeinflußt die Computerisierung der Welt die materiellen und intellektuellen Bausteine unserer Zivilisation? Wie verändert der Computer unsere Vorstellungen von der Realität, vom Wissen und von der Zeit? Hat er unser alltägliches Leben tatsächlich erleichtert?

0.0029504993 = product of:
  0.023603994 = sum of:
    0.023603994 = weight(_text_:computer in 3561) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.023603994 = score(doc=3561,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.16150802 = fieldWeight in 3561, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=3561)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Abstract

Unsere Computer werden immer schneller, kleiner und billiger; wir produzieren jeden Tag genug Daten, um alle Bibliotheken der USA damit zu füllen; und im Durchschnitt trägt jeder Mensch heute mindestens einen Gegenstand bei sich, der mit dem Internet verbunden ist. Wir erleben gerade eine explosionsartige Entwicklung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien. Luciano Floridi, einer der weltweit führenden Informationstheoretiker, zeigt in seinem meisterhaften Buch, dass wir uns nach den Revolutionen der Physik (Kopernikus), Biologie (Darwin) und Psychologie (Freud) nun inmitten einer vierten Revolution befinden, die unser ganzes Leben verändert. Die Trennung zwischen online und offline schwindet, denn wir interagieren zunehmend mit smarten, responsiven Objekten, um unseren Alltag zu bewältigen oder miteinander zu kommunizieren. Der Mensch kreiert sich eine neue Umwelt, eine »Infosphäre«. Persönlichkeitsprofile, die wir online erzeugen, beginnen, in unseren Alltag zurückzuwirken, sodass wir immer mehr ein »Onlife« leben. Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien bestimmen die Art, wie wir einkaufen, arbeiten, für unsere Gesundheit vorsorgen, Beziehungen pflegen, unsere Freizeit gestalten, Politik betreiben und sogar, wie wir Krieg führen. Aber sind diese Entwicklungen wirklich zu unserem Vorteil? Was sind ihre Risiken? Floridi weist den Weg zu einem neuen ethischen und ökologischen Denken, um die Herausforderungen der digitalen Revolution und der Informationsgesellschaft zu meistern. Ein Buch von großer Aktualität und theoretischer Brillanz.

0.0029504993 = product of:
  0.023603994 = sum of:
    0.023603994 = weight(_text_:computer in 4451) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.023603994 = score(doc=4451,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.1461475 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.039991006 = queryNorm
        0.16150802 = fieldWeight in 4451, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.6545093 = idf(docFreq=3109, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4451)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Abstract

In seinem Klassiker erläutert der international führende Mathematiker und Physiker, Sir Roger Penrose, seine These, dass die geistigen Fähigkeiten des menschlichen Gehirns nicht durch Berechnungen von Elektronengehirnen erreicht werden können - und provozierte eine neue KI-Debatte. . . . des Kaisers neue Kleider - steht auf dem Buchumschlag. Der renommierte englische Physiker Penrose will damit sichtbar machen, daß die Vertreter der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) nackt dastehen. Mit einem 400 Seiten langen Exkurs versucht er, ihre Behauptung zu widerlegen, daß Maschinen ebenso intelligent sein können wie Menschen. bild der wissenschaft Roger Penrose ( . . . ) gelang das Kunststück, mit dem formelgespickten Wälzer "The Emperors's New Mind" (auf deutsch jetzt unter dem geistlosen Titel "Computerdenken" erschienen) auf den US-Bestsellerlisten zu landen, ungeachtet aller Quanten-Ket-Vektoren und Einsteinscher Krüümungstensoren, mit denen der Autor seine Leser plagt. DER SPIEGEL Das erklärte Ziel dieses Buches ist, den Standpunkt einiger KI-Enthusiasten zu widerlegen, daß Computer irgendwann all das können, was menschliche Gehirne können - und sogar mehr. Aber der Leser merkt bald, dass Pnerose vor allem das Ziel verfolgt, einen Wegzur großen Synthese von klassischer Physik, Quantenphysik und Neurowissenschaften aufzuzeigen. John Horgan in Scientific American Wer "Computerdenken" liest (oder durcharbeitet), sollte nicht auf Antwort hoffen, darf aber neue Sichtwiesen und überraschende Interpretationen erwarten. Ein nahrhaftes Geschenk für naturwissenschaftlich Interessierte. Die Zeit Trotz des mathematichen Themas wurde The Emperor's New Mind prompt ein Bestseller und sein Autor zum bestgehaßten Mann der KI-Szene ( . . . ).

0.0013545573 = product of:
  0.010836459 = sum of:
    0.010836459 = product of:
      0.021672918 = sum of:
        0.021672918 = weight(_text_:22 in 1003) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.021672918 = score(doc=1003,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.1400417 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.039991006 = queryNorm
            0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 1003, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1003)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.125 = coord(1/8)

Date

22. 6.2023 18:25:18