Search (36 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

This article examines some of the ways in which the Biblioteca Daniel Cosio Villegas of El Colegio de Mexico is responding to meet goals stated in the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico's 1997-2000 Development Plan. The Plan aims to prepare students for life-long learning by teaching them reasoning and questioning skills as well a competencies in selecting, organizing and processing information from diverse systems and sources. It notes the need to discover the skill library professionals must have in order to assist patrons effectively to become self-sufficient users of information. The environment examined is one where most college and university students are products of a very traditional primary and secondary educational system that emphasizes learning through the use of class lectures and assigned textbooks rather than research and self-discovery. The author points out the need for library professionals in Mexico's institutions of higher education to teach students how to learn to access and process information themselves in order to transform this information into knowledge they can use. Some of the administrative changes made at the Biblioteca Daniel Cosio Villegas to accomplish this are described. These include: more participation by library professionals in planning; favoring matrical organization between departments and projects and making decisions in a more collegial fashion; subject specialization by library professionals who select, catalog, classify and give service in a specific area; and incorporation of the user into the evaluation of existing processes and services and the creation of new ones which favor a more efficacious development of their information skills. The author concludes by proposing three basic principles to guide the re-engineering process that must be undertaken by academic libraries if they are to survive and seek to shape the future of information technology rather than just responding to the challenges it presents. These principles are: the value which accrues to information by transforming it into knowledge can be analyzed systematically; the value which accrues to technology is incremented by the degree to which it is accepted by library professionals and users; and this acceptance is a function of other variables which can be understood and controlled, especially the frequency of use resulting in the development of information skills. The improvement of information skills of library professionals and users therefore constitutes the principles objective of technological integration

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Abstract

Analyzes the terms used for the technical oeprations of information retrieval in Spanish legislation in university level library and information studies. Considers 'documentary analysis' and 'cataloguing' to be unsuitable for representing the standards proposed by the Council of Universities and the most recent professional literature. Discusses the library and information studies curriculum of the University of Salamanca

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Abstract

The use of the Internet offers new perspectives for public libraries, but accurate planning must be implemented to optimize these services. A connection must be established, and decisions made about what services to offer, and to whom. Other important aspects a re the training of staff and patrons, and resources editing. The main problems are seen as the differences between libraries, and the lack of a common policy. As the future scenario is difficult to foresee, the decisions to be adopted are complex

Footnote

Übers. d. Titles: The Internet in public libraries: space without frontiers

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Abstract

Reviews topics beyond the scope of the indexing languages course on the library and information studies course at the University of Leon. Compares the previous curriculum with that of 1994/95 onwards

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Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Teaching documentary languages in library and information sciences studies: problems and trends

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Abstract

Discusses the programme, aims, partial results and bibliography of a doctorate course on audiovisual materials analysis (photographs, films, and TV programmes) held in the Faculty of Communications Studies of the Universidad Computense de Madrid

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Abstract

Makes a proposal for the optimization of first generation online catalogues which tries to unify the different institutional projects for the establishment of simplified ISBD standards and MARC formats, as well as the results of occasional studies and researches on cataloguing codification. Offers a feasible solution, for immediate application, for a definitive transition from card catalogue to automated catalogue

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Abstract

Descriptive account of the rudimentary techniques used to organise documentation materials in the earliest libraries, covering Mesopotamia about 4.000 BC, for the creation of colophons, labels and catalogues; Egypt about 2.000 BC, for papyrus rolls with title at the end and labels in red ink; and classical Greece and Rome, for the catalogues in the library at Alexandria, and private and public libraries in Rome in the 1st century AD using classification by content

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Abstract

Offers a contribution to the building of a concept of documentary languages, and the analysis of its disciplinary context. Instead of 'documentary language' a new term is proposed and defined: 'documentary information representation and organization system'. Knowledge organization studies the principles and instruments for human knowledge management from the perspective of its documentary representation, organization and communication. Explains the tasks of kowledge organization required to make it a stable scientific discipline, and to define its links with other sciences. Describes the dangers for the research and its scientific status which could arise from inclusion in the social sciences

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Abstract

A systematic literature review is carried out, detailing the research topics and the methods and techniques used in information science in studies published between 2000 and 2019. The results obtained allow us to affirm that there is no consensus on the core topics of information science, as these evolve and change dynamically in relation to other disciplines, and with the dominant social and cultural contexts. With regard to the research methods and techniques, it can be stated that they have mostly been adopted from social sciences, with the addition of numerical methods, especially in the fields of bibliometric and scientometric research.

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Abstract

The field of knowledge organization (KO) can be described as composed of the four distinct but connected layers of theory, systems, representation, and application. This paper focuses on the relations between KO theory and KO systems. It is acknowledged how the structure of KO systems is the product of a mixture of ontological, epistemological, and pragmatical factors. However, different systems give different priorities to each factor. A more ontologically-oriented approach, though not offering quick solutions for any particular group of users, will produce systems of wide and long-lasting application as they are based on general, shareable principles. I take the case of the ontological theory of integrative levels, which has been considered as a useful source for general classifications for several decades, and is currently implemented in the Integrative Levels Classification system. The theory produces a sequence of main classes modelling a natural order between phenomena. This order has interesting effects also on other features of the system, like the citation order of concepts within compounds. As it has been shown by facet analytical theory, it is useful that citation order follow a principle of inversion, as compared to the order of the same concepts in the schedules. In the light of integrative levels theory, this principle also acquires an ontological meaning: phenomena of lower level should be cited first, as most often they act as specifications of higher-level ones. This ontological principle should be complemented by consideration of the epistemological treatment of phenomena: in case a lower-level phenomenon is the main theme, it can be promoted to the leading position in the compound subject heading. The integration of these principles is believed to produce optimal results in the ordering of knowledge contents.

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Date

30. 3.2002 19:45:22

Source

Revista Española de Documentaçion Cientifica. 22(1999) no.2, S.198-219

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Abstract

Defines some problems and proposes methods for the classification and characterization of corporate authors on the basis of aspects that have caused the greatest problems in the past: jurisdictional area; its peculiarity, nature or condition; and its organizational chart within a hierarchical structure. Explains the resulting classification and characterization of corporate authors with examples

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Abstract

Information science is best defined as a discipline in terms of the problems it addresses. Its origins date back to the scientific and technical revolution after the 2nd World War, and its development has been essentially characterised by interdisciplinarity. Librarianship, computer science, cognitive science and communication studies all share interests with infomation science, but with increasing emphasis on the information society and the information industry dictated by technological imparatives, information science is now at a critical point in its evolution. The problem it sets out to solve are not decreasing but changing, with the pressure to improve access to an ever increasing store of knowledge. The social need for information science is evident, whatever the name given to the knowledge and skills which it encompasses

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Abstract

Documentation science has scientific status in that there is an identifiable scientific community and it uses research for problem-solving. It is characterised by both unity in diversity (i.e. documentation science integrates previous sciences such as library science, archive studies) and diversity in unity (i.e. it involves a whole range of non-documentation based disciplines). Documentation science seeks to generate new knowledge about documentary information, for the purpose of satisfying determined information needs. On this basis it can be understood as a conjunction of disciplines and sciences concerned with the study of that part of the documentation process focusing on information retrieval and dissemination

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Abstract

Contemporary studies of information and documentation focus on 3 dimensions: the theoretical, i.e. the sciences of interpretation of text; the practical, i.e. the impact of new technology on systems of inscription; and the political, i.e. the consequent proceses of social identification and cultural autonomy. Documentation languages provide rules for transforming items of information into documentation products, and the process of information analysis fixes meaning by applying such rules in the context of collective experience. Information transfer and communication thus depends on a communicational contract setting out the parameters for negotiating meaning. This requires the information analyst and other professionals to discuss the rules of the information game openly with external participants, as the necessary condition for a democratic and equitable science of information

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Abstract

Studies the value of scientific articles' titles and abstracts as sources of terms for document indexing in relation to 6 areas of knowledge: library and information science, medicine, chemistry, biology, psychology and physics, indexed in the databases ISOC, IME and ICYT of the CSIC. Also examines the syntagmatic structures of the indexing terms found in the field 'descriptors'. as well as the relationship between length of document and number of descriptors. Concludes that if the abstracts are not well made and the titles are not precise, they are not definitive sources for the extractions of concepts; the most common syntactic structure is the noun phrase, followed by noun+adjective and noun+noun; and no significant relationship was found between length of document and number of descriptors assigned to it

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Abstract

Criticizes the current processes of information management, with the objective of arriving at a new concept of the electronic document. Discusses problems of human language in the context of information management. Examines the problem of information from the point of view of the structure of knowledge, by analysing dysfunction in current processes of information management. Proposes a model of knowledge nearer to the human mind called 'document hypertext'. A combined interface of information management id also applicable in studies of hardware, graphic interfaces and metaphors of visualization of information. The current excessive fragmentation and artificial treatment of information structures could be avoided by simplifying of processes of information management and creating integral interfaces that bring information systems closer to the user

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Abstract

Discusses the history of UDC in Spain from 1895 (when the first International Bibliography Conference aroused interest) to 1989, chiefly in terms of the contributions made by notable individual librarians, in terms of testing out, modifying and adapting UDC for their own collections. Changes of government in 1923 and 1931 and the consequent political upheavals prevented any state action, until 1939 when UDC became mandatory in all state-run libraries, and fully translated version finally became available. In 1989 this obligation was dropped, which may well make inter-library coordination more difficult in the future