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  • × theme_ss:"Benutzerstudien"
  1. Thorne, R.; Whitlatch, J.B.: Patron online catalog success (1994) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    The project explored the ways in which the online catalogue contributes, or does not contribute to the success of library users. Key issues examined included: whether students are really getting appropriate assistance when using the online catalogue; the most common searching successes and failures observed for people using the online catalogue without staff assistance; and the effectiveness of online catalogue use by librarians providing reference assistance compared to other sources (reference books, electronic and printed indexes). Reviews relevant studies of online catalogues and reference success and describes the methodology and results of 3 different online catalogue studies: the Reference Assessment Survey; the online catalogue study of unassisted users; and the document availability study; all conducted at San José State University Library; California, using the Reference Transaction Assessment Instrument. Considers the implications of the results for reference practice and study methodology
    Source
    College and research libraries. 55(1994) no.6, S.479-497
  2. Coleman, A.S.: Knowledge structures and the vocabulary of engineering novices (2004) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    This paper describes a study of the language used by undergraduate engineering students engaged in a civil engineering laboratory. Learner's concepts and relationships in the area of soil consolidation were elicited in order to provide an understanding of the structural knowledge of novices and compare it with the knowledge structures of a human expert and a thesaurus tool. Concept maps and pathfinder networks were used to visualise and analyse the resultant knowledge structures of novice learners, expert, and tool. Results show that there is little similarity between the knowledge structures of the novice, the expert, and the tool.
    Content
    1. Introduction A small study is described which investigated the vocabulary as reflected in the knowledge structures of novices. The research was conducted in order to understand how knowledge organization tools may be designed to meet the needs of novices in the GROW digital library. GROW is the Geo-technical, Rock, and Water digital library, the first step in the establishment of a National Civil Engineering Resources Library (NCERL). Digital libraries are complex entities that have many components: besides the collections of individual resources and the interface to these resources, they have organization, labelling, navigation and searching systems. Controlled vocabularies and thesauri are often the invisible components. This study is based an the premise that the controlled vocabulary influences the above mentioned related components in the digital library. We felt that it was important to understand the knowledge structures of a primary group of user, the novice - the student learner - who is new to the domain. A great deal of research has been done about how people learn and how people use information, but fewer studies link science knowledge structures, vocabulary, and language use.
  3. Bawden, D.; Vilar, P.: Digital libraries : to meet or manage user expectations (2006) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review the nature of, and rationale for, user expectations in the digital library setting, and ways in which they may best be met and/or managed. Design/methodology/approach - An analysis of the literature, focusing on empirical studies, and bringing out main themes and issues. Findings - User expectations of digital libraries are often unrealistic, usually unrealistically high, mainly due to the ubiquity of the web search engine as an information environment. Expectations differ between user groups. Both meeting and managing expectations have been promoted as a solution; it is likely that a mix of the two will be most effective. More empirical and conceptual studies are needed. Ways of making the nature of digital library collections and their organisation "visible", embedded in a natural way within their interfaces, are desirable. Originality/value - This is the first paper to review the literature of this topic.
  4. Lewis, D.W.: Research on the use of online catalogs and its implications for library practice (1987) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Research on the use of online catalogs has challenged many assumptions about the behavior of library users. It has demonstrated that many of the patterns of behavior observed in the use of card catalogs were adaptions to the card technology; often behavioral patterns are different in an online environment. These studies have indicated that patrons prefer online catalogs and use them more, but they also show inadequacies in bibliographic practice, especially in the area of subject access.
  5. Spink, A.; Ozmutlu, H.C.; Ozmutlu, S.: Multitasking information seeking and searching processes (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Recent studies show that humans engage in multitasking behaviors as they seek and search information retrieval (IR) systems for information on more than one topic at the same time. For example, a Web search session by a single user may consist of searching on single topics or multitasking. Findings are presented from four separate studies of the prevalence of multitasking information seeking and searching by Web, IR system, and library users. Incidence of multitasking identified in the four different studies included: (1) users of the Excite Web search engine who completed a survey form, (2) Excite Web search engine users filtered from an Excite transaction log from 20 December 1999, (3) mediated on-line databases searches, and (4) academic library users. Findings include: (1) multitasking information seeking and searching is a common human behavior, (2) users may conduct information seeking and searching on related or unrelated topics, (3) Web or IR multitasking search sessions are longer than single topic sessions, (4) mean number of topics per Web search ranged of 1 to more than 10 topics with a mean of 2.11 topic changes per search session, and (4) many Web search topic changes were from hobbies to shopping and vice versa. A more complex model of human seeking and searching levels that incorporates multitasking information behaviors is presented, and a theoretical framework for human information coordinating behavior (HICB) is proposed. Multitasking information seeking and searching is developing as major research area that draws together IR and information seeking studies toward a focus on IR within the context of human information behavior. Implications for models of information seeking and searching, IR/Web systems design, and further research are discussed.
  6. Norden, D.J.; Lawrence, G.H.: Public terminal use in an online catalog : some preliminary results (1981) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The authors have studied the transaction counts from two and one-half years activity at the public use terminals of the Ohio State University Libraries' prototype online card catalog to determine what search options academic library patrons use the most often and whether this pattern varies from that reported in major catalog use studies. The preliminary findings indicate significant differences in search strategy that may result from a unique user group that prefers to search the online catalog, more useful searches in the online system, or special search patterns imposed by the computer hardware itself. Both the different searches used by patrons and why they choose them should be important factors in the design of future online catalogs
    Source
    College and research libraries. 42(1981), S.308-316
  7. Millsap, L.; Ferl, T.E.: Search patterns of remote users : an analysis of OPAC transaction logs (1993) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The focus of this study is the search behavior of remote users of the University of California MELVYL Library System, an OPAC. Transaction logs from randomly selected remote user search sessions are analyzed. Descriptive data on the number and type of searches, choice of search mode and database, number of retrievals, number and type of errors, and use of system HELP facilities are presented. The search data have been cross-tabulated with demographic data on the same group of remote users, collected through an online survey conducted by the authors. Effectiveness of system usage is discussed. A case mode is made for the desirability of additional heuristics in the catalog portion of the system
    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 12(1993) no.3, S.321-343
  8. Tomney, H.; Burton, P.F.: Electronic journals : a case study of usage and attitudes among academics (1998) 0.02 
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    Date
    22. 5.1999 19:07:29
  9. Pasanen-Tuomainen, I.: Analysis of subject searching in the TENTTU books database (1992) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Presents a pilot study for an Internordic project to monitor the use of online catalogues in the Nordic technological university libraries. Focuses on the use of classification in subject searching, how the UDC is used and the extent of its use. Studies user interaction with the OPACs and improvements to information retrieval in the catalogues using the transaction log method to gather data. The pilot study examnines the TENTTU Books database which is the online union catalogue of the Helsinki Univ. of Technology Library, a multilingual database with true information retrieval. The Internordic study itself will make comparisons between the TENTTU system and the new Virginia Tech Library System. Discusses the users monitored, method of analysis, subject searching in the database, results and how the UDC codes were used. Compares this to other studies conducted in Finland and evaluates the project
  10. Lorigo, L.; Haridasan, M.; Brynjarsdóttir, H.; Xia, L.; Joachims, T.; Gay, G.; Granka, L.; Pellacini, F.; Pan, B.: Eye tracking and online search : lessons learned and challenges ahead (2008) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This article surveys the use of eye tracking in investigations of online search. Three eye tracking experiments that we undertook are discussed and compared to additional work in this area, revealing recurring behaviors and trends. The first two studies are described in greater detail in Granka, Joachims, & Gay (2004), Lorigo et al. (2006), and Pan et al. (2007), and the third study is described for the first time in this article. These studies reveal how users view the ranked results on a search engine results page (SERP), the relationship between the search result abstracts viewed and those clicked on, and whether gender, search task, or search engine influence these behaviors. In addition, we discuss a key challenge that arose in all three studies that applies to the use of eye tracking in studying online behaviors which is due to the limited support for analyzing scanpaths, or sequences of eye fixations. To meet this challenge, we present a preliminary approach that involves a graphical visualization to compare a path with a group of paths. We conclude by summarizing our findings and discussing future work in further understanding online search behavior with the help of eye tracking.
  11. Kaske, N.K.: ¬A comparative study of subject searching in an OPAC among branch libraries of a university library system (1988) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The degree of variability in the percentage of subject searching in an online public access catalog (OPAC) among branch libraries of one university was studied. A full semester's worth of transactions was analyzed, not sampled. The time units used were hour of the day, day of the week, and week of the semester. The findings show that subject searching varies from a low of 22% to a high of 74% over the hours of a day. Variability for the days of the week ranged from 17% to 64%, and for the weeks of the semester variability ranged from 12% to 70%. Valuable management information on the utilization of the OPAC within each brach library and among all the branch libraries is provided through numerous charts and graphs.
    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 7(1988), S.359-372
  12. Slone, D.J.: Encounters with the OPAC : On-line searching in public libraries (2000) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This article reports on a qualitative study exploring: (1) strategies and behaviors of public library users during interaction with an OPAC; and (2) users' confidence in finding needed information on-line. Questionnaires, interviews, and observations were employed to gather data from 32 public library users. the results found search behaviors, confidence, and other feelings varied, based on 3 types of searches: unknown-item searches; area searches; and known-item searches. Term generation was the most important factor in unknown-item search strategies. Speed and convenience palyed a role in area searches, and simplicity characterized known-item searches. Of the 3 types, unknown-item searchers experienced the most frustration and doubt; known-item searchers the most disappointment; and area searchers the most confidence and contentment. Knowledge of these differences may prove helpful for librarians and interface designers
  13. Smith, I.M.: What do we know about public library use? (1999) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Data from Westminster Libraries on membership, borrowing frequency and stock use is compared with significant studies of public library use from the last 50 years. The article examines the extent of public library use, and the social and demographic factors influencing use. Analysis of book and audio-visual stock use indicates the concentration of demand on a few titles and subjects, and the relationship to what is in demand commercially. Aspects of public library use have remained constant over at least the last 50 years, and across geographical boundaries. Public libraries are used principally for leisure, for borrowing recent fiction, for useful non fiction related to immediate life interests, and for pop music. Quantitative data from library systems provides a different, probably more accurate, picture of the nature and extent of public library use.
  14. Crawford, J.C.; Thorn, L.C.; Powles, J.A.: ¬A survey of subject access to academic library catalogues in Great Britain : a report to the British Library Research and Development Department (1992) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The study of subject access to UK academic library catalogues was based on a questionnaires end out during Summer 1991. 86 out of a possible 110 questionnaires were returned. All universities and polytechniques now have OPACs which are progressing well towards comprehensive bibliographical coverage of their libraries' stocks. The MARC format is now widely used. Subject access strategies are usually based on either Library of Congress Subject Headings or inhouse indexing systems but almost half the OPACs studies have no separate subject searching option based on subject indexing is expensive and future subject indexing strategies are best based on pre-existing controlled vocabularies. Strategies authority control is essential. A limited range of software strategies is recommended including the need to limit search results
  15. Ferl, T.E.; Millsap, L.: Remote use of the University of California MELVYL Library System : an online survey (1992) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This report presents the results of a survey of users who access the University of California's online union catalog, the MELVYL library system, via microcomputers with modems or connections carried through local or wide area networks. The report includes descriptive statistics on user location, status, subject interest, affiliation, in-library versus out-of-library usage patterns, need for assistance, and desire for new features
    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 11(1992) no.3, S.285-303
  16. Fabritius, H.: Triangulation as a multiperspective strategy in a qualitative study of information seeking behaviour of journalists (1999) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Recently, the importance of application of multiple, qualitative methods has been emphasised in the field of information seeking and retrieval research. (See Fidel 1993; Vakkari 1997). One of the earliest and most ambitious attempts to apply multiple methods was the research project on information needs and information services in local authority social services departments. (Wilson & Streatfield 1977; Wilson, et al., 1979; Wilson 1981). In studies on information needs and seeking qualitative methods have gained a leading position in the 1990's (Vakkari 1997: 451). Indisputably, this is the case when looking at recent information needs, seeking and use research carried out by Algon (1997), Ellen (1998), Barry (1995), Byström (1997), Iivonen (1996), Kirk (1997), Kuhlthau (1993), Solomon (1997) and Sonnenwald and Lievrouw (1996). Furthermore, though the approach of the study is qualitative the application of quantitative techniques is not necessarily excluded. In methodological literature attention is paid to integrating qualitative and quantitative techniques. These methods are not opposite but they complement to each other. In a qualitative study various methods can be combined. Triangulation can be seen in two ways: firstly, to ascertain the validity of research; secondly, to employ the methods that are appropriate to the subject investigated. Application of triangulation in the former way aims at the full, 'objective' picture of the subject studied, while the picture obtained in the latter way is like a kaleidoscope. Thus the ultimate reason for triangulating is to gain deeper understanding of the phenomenon studied.
  17. Chau, M.; Fang, X.; Sheng, O.R.U.: Analysis of the query logs of a Web site search engine (2005) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    A large number of studies have investigated the transaction log of general-purpose search engines such as Excite and AItaVista, but few studies have reported an the analysis of search logs for search engines that are limited to particular Web sites, namely, Web site search engines. In this article, we report our research an analyzing the search logs of the search engine of the Utah state government Web site. Our results show that some statistics, such as the number of search terms per query, of Web users are the same for general-purpose search engines and Web site search engines, but others, such as the search topics and the terms used, are considerably different. Possible reasons for the differences include the focused domain of Web site search engines and users' different information needs. The findings are useful for Web site developers to improve the performance of their services provided an the Web and for researchers to conduct further research in this area. The analysis also can be applied in e-government research by investigating how information should be delivered to users in government Web sites.
  18. Okoli, C.; Mehdi, M.; Mesgari, M.; Nielsen, F.A.; Lanamäki, A.: Wikipedia in the eyes of its beholders : a systematic review of scholarly research on Wikipedia readers and readership (2014) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Hundreds of scholarly studies have investigated various aspects of Wikipedia. Although a number of literature reviews have provided overviews of this vast body of research, none has specifically focused on the readers of Wikipedia and issues concerning its readership. In this systematic literature review, we review 99 studies to synthesize current knowledge regarding the readership of Wikipedia and provide an analysis of research methods employed. The scholarly research has found that Wikipedia is popular not only for lighter topics such as entertainment but also for more serious topics such as health and legal information. Scholars, librarians, and students are common users, and Wikipedia provides a unique opportunity for educating students in digital literacy. We conclude with a summary of key findings, implications for researchers, and implications for the Wikipedia community.
    Date
    18.11.2014 13:22:03
  19. Slone, D.J.: ¬The impact of time constraints on Internet and Web use (2007) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This study examines the influence of time constraints on Internet and Web search goals and search behavior. Specifically, it looks at the searching behavior of public library Internet users who, previously limited to 30 minutes per Internet session, are given an unlimited amount of time for use. Interviews and observations were conducted with 34 participants searching on their own queries. Despite an increase in the time allowed for searching, most people spent less than 30 minutes on the Internet, carrying out tasks like paying bills, shopping, browsing, and making reservations. Those who took more than 30 minutes were looking for jobs or browsing. E-mail use was universal. In this context, influences like time-dependent and time-independent tasks, use of search hubs to perform more efficient searches, and search diversity were recorded. Though there are a number of large and small studies of Internet and Web use, few of them focus on temporal influences. This study extends knowledge in this area of inquiry.
  20. Spink, A.; Park, M.; Koshman, S.: Factors affecting assigned information problem ordering during Web search : an exploratory study (2006) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Multitasking is the human ability to handle the demands of multiple tasks. Multitasking behavior involves the ordering of multiple tasks and switching between tasks. People often multitask when using information retrieval (IR) technologies as they seek information on more than one information problem over single or multiple search episodes. However, limited studies have examined how people order their information problems, especially during their Web search engine interaction. The aim of our exploratory study was to investigate assigned information problem ordering by forty (40) study participants engaged in Web search. Findings suggest that assigned information problem ordering was influenced by the following factors, including personal interest, problem knowledge, perceived level of information available on the Web, ease of finding information, level of importance and seeking information on information problems in order from general to specific. Personal interest and problem knowledge were the major factors during assigned information problem ordering. Implications of the findings and further research are discussed. The relationship between information problem ordering and gratification theory is an important area for further exploration.

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