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  1. McIlwaine, I.C.: Brian Vickery : 11th September 1918-17 th October 2009 (2010) 0.04
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    Abstract
    The death of Brian Vickery sees a great era of classification research coming towards an end. Born in Australia, he completed his schooling in England, before going up to Brasenose to read Chemistry just before the outbreak of the Second World War. Brian was never in the services, but after Oxford he worked as a chemist in the Royal Ordnance Factory from 1941-45. After the War he became a librarian at Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). He was a delegate at the Royal Society Scientific Information Conference held in 1948. One of the offshoots of that conference was the formation of a small committee of scientists under the leadership of Professor J.D. Bernal, to make a study of library classification. After two years of discussions, they elicited the assistance of Jack Wells, then editor of the British National Bibliography, and Brian. They circularized a group of colleagues and convened a meeting in February 1952 which led to the formation of the Classification Research Group. As is well known, this Group, all practising librarians, were to exert a groundbreaking influence on the organization and retrieval of information.
    Date
    22. 7.2010 19:32:06
  2. McIlwaine, I.C.: ¬The Universal Decimal Classification : some factors concerning its origins, development, and influence (1997) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Outlines the bibliographic enterprise envisaged by Otlet and LaFontaine, which resulted in the UDC being developed in 1895, and the subsequent history of the scheme. Relationship with DDC from which it was derived deteriorated in the early 20th century and changes in funding, location, and editorship of Duyvis from 1929-59 had a profound effect on the scheme's development and management. Lloyd, Duyvis successor, reformed the revision structure, and further management changes from 1975 to the present day, culminated in the formation of the UDC Consortium in 1992. Notes the subsequent creation of a machine-readable Master Reference File and speedier revision procedures. Examines the scheme's structure, development, and influence on classification theory, problems caused by longevity and lack of standrad procedures, and highlights proposals for their reform to improve the scheme's suitability for an automated world. Explores research projects in 1960s which foreshadowed possibilities today, such as a complementary thesaurus and individualisation of single concepts notationally. Emphasizes the value of classification in a multilingual environment and outlines the future developments
    Footnote
    Contribution to part 1 of a 2 part series on the history of documentation and information science
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.4, S.331-339
  3. McIlwaine, I.C.; Broughton, V.: ¬The Classification Research Group : then and now (2000) 0.02
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    Abstract
    The genesis of the Group: In 1948, as part of the post-war renewal of library services in the United Kingdom, the Royal Society organized a Conference on Scientific Information.' What, at the time, must have seemed a minute part of the grand plan, but was later to have a transforming effect on the theory of knowledge organization throughout the remainder of the century, was the setting up of a standing committee of a small group of specialists to investigate the organization and retrieval of scientific information. In 1950, the secretary of that committee, J.D. Bernal, suggested that it might be appropriate to ask a group of librarians to do a study of the problem. After a couple of years of informal discussion it was agreed, in February 1952, to form a Classification Research Group - the CRG as it has become known to subsequent generations. The Group published a brief corporate statement of its views in the Library Association Record in June 1953 and submitted a memorandum to the Library Association Research Committee in May 1955, entitled "The need for a faceted classification as the basis of all methods of information retrieval". This memorandum was published in the proceedings of what has become known as the "Dorking Conference" in 1957. Of the original fifteen members, four still belong to the Group, three of whom are in regular attendance: Eric Coates, Douglas Foskett and Jack Mills. Brian Vickery ceased attending regularly in the 1960s but has retained his interest in their doings: he was present at the 150th celebratory meeting in 1984 and played an active part in the "Dorking revisited" conference held in 1997. The stated aim of the Group was 'To review the basic principles of bibliographic classification, unhampered by allegiance to any particular published scheme' and it can truly be stated that the work of its members has had a fundamental influence on the teaching and practice of information retrieval. It is paradoxical that this collection of people has exerted such a strong theoretical sway because their aims were from the outset and remain essentially practical. This fact is sometimes overlooked in the literature on knowledge organization: there is a tendency to get carried away, and for researchers of today to concentrate so hard on what might be that they overlook what is needed, useful and practical - the entire objective of any retrieval system.
  4. McIlwaine, I.C.: UDC: the present state and future prospects (1995) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Survey on the activities going to develop the UDC into a fully faceted classification system according to the Recommendations of the UDC Management Board. A Master Reference File (MRF) has been created from which any publisher or insitution may develop its own versions according to the requests of its clientele. The UDC Technical Director at the FID Headquarters in The Hague maintains the file. An Editorial Board and an Editor in Chief was appointed. Extensions and Corrections are being published. Examples are given on ongoing revision work in the classes for Astronomy, Linguistics and Philology as well as in Medicine. Cooperation with the Editors of the Bliss Classification and the DDC exists
    Source
    Knowledge organization. 22(1995) no.2, S.64-69
  5. McIlwaine, I.C.: Where have all the flowers gone? : An investigation into the fate of some special classification schemes (2003) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Prior to the OPAC many institutions devised classifications to suit their special needs. Others expanded or altered general schemes to accommodate specific approaches. A driving force in the creation of these classifications was the Classification Research Group, celebrating its golden jubilee in 2002, whose work created a framework and body of principles that remain valid for the retrieval needs of today. The paper highlights some of these special schemes and highlights the fundamental principles which remain valid. 1. Introduction The distinction between a general and a special classification scheme is made frequently in the textbooks, but is one that it is sometimes difficult to draw. The Library of Congress classification could be described as the special classification par excellence. Normally, however, a special classification is taken to be one that is restricted to a specific subject, and quite often used in one specific context only, either a library or a bibliographic listing or for a specific purpose such as a search engine and it is in this sense that I propose to examine some of these schemes. Today, there is a widespread preference for searching an words as a supplement to the use of a standard system, usually the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). This is enhanced by the ability to search documents full-text in a computerized environment, a situation that did not exist 20 or 30 years ago. Today's situation is a great improvement in many ways, but it does depend upon the words used by the author and the searcher corresponding, and often presupposes the use of English. In libraries, the use of co-operative services and precatalogued records already provided with classification data has also spelt the demise of the special scheme. In many instances, the survival of a special classification depends upon its creaior and, with the passage of time, this becomes inevitably more precarious.
    Source
    Challenges in knowledge representation and organization for the 21st century: Integration of knowledge across boundaries. Proceedings of the 7th ISKO International Conference Granada, Spain, July 10-13, 2002. Ed.: M. López-Huertas
  6. McIlwaine, I.C.: Section on Classification and Indexing : review of activities 1999-2000 (2000) 0.01
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  7. Vickery, B.C.; McIlwaine, I.C.: Structuring and switching: a discussion of the Broad System of Ordering (1979) 0.01
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    Abstract
    After a short presentation of major background principles used in BSO construction, the authors consider the most important structural peculiarities and spheres of application of this system. Some specific remarks deal with subdivisions within several major headings. In general, the BSO is viewed as a reasonable and up-to-date structural outline of modern knowledge and a useful tool to interconnect or switch between information systems
    Source
    International forum on information and documentation. 4(1979) no.3, S.13-15
  8. McIlwaine, I.C.: Some problems of context and terminology (1998) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Points out that designers of information systems for subject retrieval aiming at some kind of uinversal usage face the major problem of context, as a word by itself is not meaningful; and inseparable from this problem is that of the terminology used. This problem is most evident in systems that rely totally on words, rather than a systematic structure of some kind
  9. McIlwaine, I.C.: ¬A feasibility study on the restructuring of the Universal Decimal Classification into a fully-facetd classification system (1994) 0.01
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    Abstract
    An exploratory and experimental study for the purpose of testing a methodology which might be used to restructure the UDC class by class. The study uses the facet framework established in the Bliss Bibliographic Classification, 2nd ed., as the basis for the restructuring and the research is being carried out using the discipline 'medical sciences'. A thesaurus will be derived from the restructured scheme which will act as an index to it. In a broader context this research is an attempt to see how far it is possible to take the knowledge base of one classification scheme and impose the structure of another scheme on it
    Source
    Knowledge organization and quality management: Proc. of the 3rd International ISKO Conference, 20-24 June 1994, Copenhagen, Denmark. Ed.: H. Albrechtsen et al
  10. McIlwaine, I.C.: UDC: the present state and future developments (1994) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Reports the completion of the computerized Master Reference File of the UDC and shows how it was compiled. Examines editions used a sources, especially the International Medium Edition in English and French, outlines the new sections of physical chemistry and languages and indicates plans for the future development of the scheme on a more rigorously faceted basis. The recent French and Spanish editions are discussed
  11. McIlwaine, I.C.: Trends in knowledge organization research (2003) 0.01
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    Abstract
    This paper looks at current trends in knowledge organization research, concentrating an universal systems, mapping vocabularies and interoperability concerns, problems of blas, the Internet and search engines, resource discovery, thesauri and visual presentation. Some Problems facing researchers at the present time are discussed. It is accompanied by a bibliography of recent work in the field.
    Date
    10. 6.2004 19:22:56
  12. McIlwaine, I.C.: Universal Bibliographic Control and the quest for a universally acceptable subject arrangement (2010) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Achieving widespread agreement on subject organization is a complex task, and a challenge greater than that of creating a standard bibliographic description for international exchange-the goal of Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC). This article traces the history of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), its relationship with other schemes, and opportunities for further collaboration.
  13. McIlwaine, I.C.: ¬The Universal Decimal Classification : a guide to its use (2000) 0.00
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    Abstract
    This book is an extension and total revision of the author's earlier Guide to the use of UDC. The original was written in 1993 and in the intervening years much has happened with the classification. In particular, a much more rigorous approach has been undertaken in revision to ensure that the scheme is able to handle the requirements of a networked world. The book outlines the history and development of the Universal Decimal Classification, provides practical hints on its application and works through all the auxiliary and main tables highlighting aspects that need to be noted in applying the scheme. It also provides guidance on the use of the Master Reference File and discusses the ways in which the classification is used in the 21st century and its suitability as an aid to subject description in tagging metadata and consequently for application on the Internet. It is intended as a source for information about the scheme, for practical usage by classifiers in their daily work and as a guide to the student learning how to apply the classification. It is amply provided with examples to illustrate the many ways in which the scheme can be applied and will be a useful source for a wide range of information workers
  14. McIlwaine, I.C.: Interdisciplinarity : a new retrieval problem? (2000) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Cross-fertilization between disciplines is held to be a new phenomenon. This is not really the case, but what is new is the availability of vast quantities of information that crosses disciplinary boundaries and is unorganized on the WWW. Browsability is no longer an option in the same way it has been in the past and new methods have to be devised for accessing information. Rather than abandoning the tried and tested, it is suggested that a more practical approach might be to redesign existing tools, i.e. bibliographic classifications for this purpose. Two interdisciplinary fields of study, Tourism and Environmental Science, have recently been revised in the Universal Decimal Classification, in an attempt to make the scheme more appropriate for the needs of the twenty-first century.
    Source
    Dynamism and stability in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 6th International ISKO-Conference, 10-13 July 2000, Toronto, Canada. Ed.: C. Beghtol et al
  15. McIlwaine, I.C.: Subject control : the British viewpoint (1995) 0.00
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    Source
    Subject indexing: principles and practices in the 90's. Proceedings of the IFLA Satellite Meeting Held in Lisbon, Portugal, 17-18 August 1993, and sponsored by the IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing and the Instituto da Biblioteca Nacional e do Livro, Lisbon, Portugal. Ed.: R.P. Holley et al
  16. McIlwaine, I.C.; Williamson, N.J.: Class 61 - Medicine : restructuring progress 2000 (2000) 0.00
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    Source
    Extensions and corrections to the UDC. 22(2000), S.49-75
  17. McIlwaine, I.C.: Africa in the UDC (1994) 0.00
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    Abstract
    4 different items, all of which have direct concern for Africa, have been published between 1991 and 1993 under the auspices of the UDC Consortium, the body now responsible for the maintenance of the UDC. Discusses recent changes in the management structure of UDC. Matters of interest to those concerned with the study of Africa will be found principally in the auxiliary tables, since it is here that most of the detail that is used for specification in the main classes is located. Looks at 2 sections of the classification: tables of language and ethnis subdivisions; and the area table
  18. McIlwaine, I.C.; Williamson, N.J.: Restructuring of class 61 : medical sciences (1995) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Proposal for a drastic, fully faceted, reconstruction of class 61 - medical sciences - of the UDC
  19. McIlwaine, I.C.: ¬A question of place (2004) 0.00
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    Abstract
    This paper looks at the problems raised by maintaining an Area Table in a general scheme of classification. It examines the tools available to assist in producing a standardized listing and demonstrates how recent developments in the Universal Decimal Classification enable users to have a retrieval tool suitable for use in a networked environment which acts as both a gazetteer and a classification.
    Content
    1. Introduction The representation of place in classification schemes presents a number of problems. This paper examines some of them and presents different ways in which a solution may be sought. Firstly, what is meant by place? The simple answer is a geographical area, large or small. The reality is not so simple. Place, or Topos to Aristotle was more than just an area, it was a state of mind. But even staying an the less philosophical plane, the way in which a place can be expressed is infinitely variable. Toponymy is a well defined field of study, comparable with taxonomy in the biological sciences. It comprehends the proper name by which any geographical entity is known, and part of the world, feature of earth's surface, organic aggregate (reef, forest) an organizational unit (country, borough, diocese), limits of Earth (poles, hemispheres) parts of Earth (oceans, continents), lakes, mountain passes, capital cities or sea parts.
    Source
    Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
  20. McIlwaine, I.C.; Buxton, A.: Guide to the use of UDC : an introductory guide to the use and application of the Universal Decimal Classification (1993) 0.00
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    Abstract
    For practical purposes this 'Guide' replaces the British Standards Institution's BS 1000C: 1963. Guide to the UDC, by Jack Mills. This earlier guide was important as an aid to users of UDC world-wide and was important for its clear discussion of the underlying principles of classification in general as well as its helpful guidance in the practical application of UDC