-
Cardona de Gil, B.N.: Nuevos paradigmas para el acceso y uso de la informacion : la biblioteca virtual (1996)
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- Abstract
- For higher education, new technology opens up the possibility of online access to international information networks comprising the totality of human knowledge. Developing countries however risk becoming marginalized because they have no culture of cooperation. The Colombian Institute for the Development of Higher Education, ICFES, has been instrumental in developing the National Science and Technology Information Network, linked in 1993 to the National Higher Education System. The next step is to create a common communications infrastructure for all national systems, based on Internet protocols, so that all information units can link into the resources of the virtual library
- Content
- Presentation given at a panel on changes in higher education resulting from new technologies, held in Medellin (Colombia) in July 1995
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Garcia-Suarez, V.M.: ¬El servicio de referencia y el referencista contemporaneos : retos y oportunidades (1995)
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- Abstract
- Analyzes issues that have a bearing on contemporary reference service and the reference librarian. These include: the librarian's aptitude for and attitude to change; the notion of the information explosion and its impact on reference service; changes of conceptual, technological, humanistic, economic, and practical nature; changing disciplines; a changing market; and more demanding and selective users
-
Mostafa, S.P.: Enfoqies paradigmaticos de bibliotecologia : unidade na diversidad na unidad (1996)
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- Abstract
- Information science is currently dominated by 2 paradigms: one emphasises information retrieval as a technological process, based on natural sciences; the other derives from the social sciences, focusing on the information process as a communication act. The first is based on the structure of atoms, the second as people as collective actors. In Brazil the social science approach predominates, chiefly through the influence of 3 currents of thought: American liberalism; German social democracy and French post-structuralism. The ideas of the chief exponents of these theories have been developed by Brazilian researchers, introducing elements from political economy, quantum physics, linguistics, social science and epistemology. This interdisciplinarity is the key to unity in information science
- Content
- Presentation given at a round table on paradigmatic focuses of library science, during the 14th colloque on library science at the National Autonomous University of Mexico
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Paradigmatic focuses of library science: unit of diversity or diversity in unity
-
Souza, S.d.: Informacion : utopia y realidad de la bibliotelogia (1996)
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- Abstract
- Library science has no strong scientific image bacause it lacks a consistent theoretical framework. The key element is information, information is knowlegde, and library science is knowledge in the service of society. Society itself is sustained by development, information and ideology, with information as the transforming element. Because of the universal need for information, library science is increasingly valued. The great problem is to delimit the object of study because of its vast area of application. The goals of library science are utopian, bound up with making information available to everyone in the best possible way. But although developments suchg as the Internet seem able to make this possible, in reality computerised information is available only to a minority
- Content
- Presentation given at a round table on paradigmatic focuses of library sceince, during the 14th colloquy on library science at the National Autonomous University of Mexiko
-
Quijano-Solis, A.: Bibliotecas y Tecnologias una Propuesta de Integracion (1999)
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- Abstract
- This article examines some of the ways in which the Biblioteca Daniel Cosio Villegas of El Colegio de Mexico is responding to meet goals stated in the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico's 1997-2000 Development Plan. The Plan aims to prepare students for life-long learning by teaching them reasoning and questioning skills as well a competencies in selecting, organizing and processing information from diverse systems and sources. It notes the need to discover the skill library professionals must have in order to assist patrons effectively to become self-sufficient users of information. The environment examined is one where most college and university students are products of a very traditional primary and secondary educational system that emphasizes learning through the use of class lectures and assigned textbooks rather than research and self-discovery. The author points out the need for library professionals in Mexico's institutions of higher education to teach students how to learn to access and process information themselves in order to transform this information into knowledge they can use. Some of the administrative changes made at the Biblioteca Daniel Cosio Villegas to accomplish this are described. These include: more participation by library professionals in planning; favoring matrical organization between departments and projects and making decisions in a more collegial fashion; subject specialization by library professionals who select, catalog, classify and give service in a specific area; and incorporation of the user into the evaluation of existing processes and services and the creation of new ones which favor a more efficacious development of their information skills. The author concludes by proposing three basic principles to guide the re-engineering process that must be undertaken by academic libraries if they are to survive and seek to shape the future of information technology rather than just responding to the challenges it presents. These principles are: the value which accrues to information by transforming it into knowledge can be analyzed systematically; the value which accrues to technology is incremented by the degree to which it is accepted by library professionals and users; and this acceptance is a function of other variables which can be understood and controlled, especially the frequency of use resulting in the development of information skills. The improvement of information skills of library professionals and users therefore constitutes the principles objective of technological integration
- Source
- Journal of Internet cataloging. 2(1999) no.1, S.79-92
-
Saracevic, T.: Ciencia da informacao, origem, evolucao e relacoes (1996)
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- Abstract
- Information science is best defined as a discipline in terms of the problems it addresses. Its origins date back to the scientific and technical revolution after the 2nd World War, and its development has been essentially characterised by interdisciplinarity. Librarianship, computer science, cognitive science and communication studies all share interests with infomation science, but with increasing emphasis on the information society and the information industry dictated by technological imparatives, information science is now at a critical point in its evolution. The problem it sets out to solve are not decreasing but changing, with the pressure to improve access to an ever increasing store of knowledge. The social need for information science is evident, whatever the name given to the knowledge and skills which it encompasses
- Content
- Translation of a presentation given at the International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science held at the University of Tampere in Aug 1991
-
Gnoli, C.: Fundamentos ontológicos de la organización del conocimiento : la teoría de los niveles integrativos aplicada al orden de cita (2011)
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- Abstract
- The field of knowledge organization (KO) can be described as composed of the four distinct but connected layers of theory, systems, representation, and application. This paper focuses on the relations between KO theory and KO systems. It is acknowledged how the structure of KO systems is the product of a mixture of ontological, epistemological, and pragmatical factors. However, different systems give different priorities to each factor. A more ontologically-oriented approach, though not offering quick solutions for any particular group of users, will produce systems of wide and long-lasting application as they are based on general, shareable principles. I take the case of the ontological theory of integrative levels, which has been considered as a useful source for general classifications for several decades, and is currently implemented in the Integrative Levels Classification system. The theory produces a sequence of main classes modelling a natural order between phenomena. This order has interesting effects also on other features of the system, like the citation order of concepts within compounds. As it has been shown by facet analytical theory, it is useful that citation order follow a principle of inversion, as compared to the order of the same concepts in the schedules. In the light of integrative levels theory, this principle also acquires an ontological meaning: phenomena of lower level should be cited first, as most often they act as specifications of higher-level ones. This ontological principle should be complemented by consideration of the epistemological treatment of phenomena: in case a lower-level phenomenon is the main theme, it can be promoted to the leading position in the compound subject heading. The integration of these principles is believed to produce optimal results in the ordering of knowledge contents.
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Ontological foundations in knowledge organization: the theory of integrative levels applied in citation order.
-
Gonzalez, A.C.: Analisis y diseno de sistemas de gestion electronica de documentacion en grandes entidades (1997)
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- Abstract
- The successful implementation of Electronic Document Management Systems (EDMS) requires a previous design based on a methodology that includes key steps as follows: capture of critical information and analysis of the current document situation: functional and/or technical options that involve the treatment of the document fonds considered; document management applications design (data, text, images, audio, video) under a functional, technical and economic focus; global and modular project defined as a strategic EDMS plan
- Date
- 11. 2.1999 21:02:22
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Analysis and design of electronic document management systems in large enterprises
-
Nehmy, R.M.Q.: ¬A ciencia da informacao como disciplina cientifica (1996)
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- Abstract
- Article based on student discussions during the course on 'Theoretical foundations of information' at the Federal University of Minas Gerais Librarianship School (Brazil). Kuhn's theory of the structure of scientific revolutions provides a useful perspective for analysing the debate about the scientific status of the social sciences in general and information science in particular. There is no general consensus on the characteristics of information science, either as to its origin, legitimate objects of study or research methodology. Rather the debate focuses on wether information science is a development of librarianship, or an independent multidisciplinary activity. What can be stated is that information science has developed on the basis of increasing specialisation of the disciplines it involves - sociology, economics, anthropology, etc. - and its status is possibly more than that of a 'department' like medicine, which groups biology, genetics, etc.
-
Targino, A.d.G.: ¬A interdisciplinaridade da ciencia da informacao como area de pesquisa (1995)
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- Abstract
- Discussion of the interdisciplinary nature of information science as a field of research, based on essential concepts such as science, information and information science itself. Presents comprehensive themes of research on information science and the difficulties faced by the researcher in this field in the search to attain the existing scientific parameters and the expected prerequisites of any researcher
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: The interdisciplinary nature of information science as a field of research
-
Rojas, M.A.R.: Debate abierto sobre epistemologia de la bibliotecologia (1996)
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- Content
- Report of a concluding session at the 14th colloquy on library science at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, to discuss issues raised by the formal sessions on theoretical and philosophical problems. Three main themes emerged: (1) library science does have specific status although its specific limits, concepts and terminology are not agreed; (2) the ethical aspects, especially the question of the moral responsibilities of the leaders of the library science community, give rise to concern especially in relation to teaching curricula; and (3) the relation between information technology and society, which should ensure priority goes to the social aspects of library science in aiding human development
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Open debate on the epistemology of library science
-
Mari, H.: Dos fundamentos da significao a producao do sentido (1996)
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- Abstract
- An approach to establishing a relationship between knowing, informing and representing, using aspects of linguistic theory to clarify semantic theory as the basis for an overall theory of meaning. Linguistic knowledge is based on a conceptual matrix which defines convergence / divergence of the categories used to specify an object's parameters; work on the analysis of discourse emphasisis the social dimension of meaning, which is the basis of the theory of acts and speech. The evaluation criteria used to determine questions about the possibility of knowledge are necessarily decisive, this opens up promising perspectives if formulating a relationship between conceptual and pragmatic approaches
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: From the fundamentals of signification to the production of meaning
-
Sanchez, A.: Ciberespacio, signos y comunicacion (1997)
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- Abstract
- The virtual worlds of cyberspace imply new ways of understanding reality, of relating to others, of transmitting knowledge. Relations between users of these electronic spaces are subjective and through interactivity navigation acquires meaning and leads to democracy. This has resulted in predictions of authentic transparent dialogue based on language without signs, a consensual uniformity of thought where all share common understanding. But virtuality is only possible through computers which operate by using formal languages of symbols, i.e. signs. This distinct class of intermediation gives rise to a new subjectivity based on virtual signs, which through understanding can be placed at the service of life
-
Gomez, M.N.G. de: ¬Las acciones de tranferencia de informacion y la communicacion (1997)
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- Abstract
- Contemporary studies of information and documentation focus on 3 dimensions: the theoretical, i.e. the sciences of interpretation of text; the practical, i.e. the impact of new technology on systems of inscription; and the political, i.e. the consequent proceses of social identification and cultural autonomy. Documentation languages provide rules for transforming items of information into documentation products, and the process of information analysis fixes meaning by applying such rules in the context of collective experience. Information transfer and communication thus depends on a communicational contract setting out the parameters for negotiating meaning. This requires the information analyst and other professionals to discuss the rules of the information game openly with external participants, as the necessary condition for a democratic and equitable science of information
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: The actions of information transfer and communication
-
Leyva, I.G.; Munoz, J.V.R.: Tendencias en los sistemas de indizacion automatica : estudio evolutivo (1996)
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- Abstract
- Early research at the end of the 1950s on computerized indexing used statistical methods based on e.g. frequency, probability, clustering, and relevance. In the 1960s interest began to focus on linguistic analysis and natural language processing e.g. morphological, morphosyntactical, syntactical and semantic analysis. Since the 1980s computerized indexing research has widened to include images, graphics and sound. Examples are given of notable systems developed within each line of approach
-
Solis, A.Q.; Navarrete, O.A.: Medidas de calidad en la creacion de catalogos de bibliotecas (1998)
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- Abstract
- A discussion of the importance of clear cataloguing policies and routines as the basis of quality control, in relation to the methods used in the College of Mexico Library. The fundamental principle is to prevent errors occuring rather than to correct them subsequently. Indices of quality and effiency in relation to errors which do and do not affect retrieval, established through monthly review of samples of the work of each cataloguer, are used to monitor activities and ensure high standards. This process, essentially collaborative, promotes an overall culture of quality
- Date
- 30. 1.1999 19:22:45
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Measures of quality in the creation of library catalogues
-
Yepes, J.L.: ¬El concepto de ciencia de la documentacion : unidad en la diversidad o diversidad en la unidad (1996)
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- Abstract
- Documentation science has scientific status in that there is an identifiable scientific community and it uses research for problem-solving. It is characterised by both unity in diversity (i.e. documentation science integrates previous sciences such as library science, archive studies) and diversity in unity (i.e. it involves a whole range of non-documentation based disciplines). Documentation science seeks to generate new knowledge about documentary information, for the purpose of satisfying determined information needs. On this basis it can be understood as a conjunction of disciplines and sciences concerned with the study of that part of the documentation process focusing on information retrieval and dissemination
- Content
- Presentation given at a round table on paradigmatic focuses of library science, during the 14th colloque on library science at the National Autonomous University of Mexico
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: The concept of information science: unity in diversity or diversity in unity
-
Munoz, A.M.; Munoz, F.A.: Nuevas areas de conocimiento y la problematica documental : la prospectiva de la paz en la Universidad de Granada (1997)
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- Abstract
- Report of a study from the user's point of view, investigating the facility with which bibliographical material can be identified in a multidisciplinary field, the prospective for peace, from the University's resources. Searches (uniterm and relational) were effected using all available tools - OPACs, CD-ROM collections, online databases, manual catalogues, the Internet - both on the University's system and on national research institutions. Overall results returned a low rate of pertinence (1,86%). This is due not to lack of user search expertise but the lack of subject specific indexing coupled with using a MARC format
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: New areas of knowledge and the problem of documentation: the prospective for peace at the University of Granada
-
Velasco, M.: Algoritmo de filtrado multitermino para la obtencion de relaciones jerarquicas en la construction automatica de un tesauro de descriptores (1999)
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- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Statistical filtering techniques applied to the obtention of hierarchical relationships in the automatic construction of a thesaurus
- Source
- Revista Española de Documentaçion Cientifica. 22(1999) no.1, S.34-49
-
Bernad, J.A.: Analisis y representacion del conocimiento : aportaciones de la psicologia cognitiva (1995)
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- Abstract
- Discusses what documentalists need to know of the psychological models of cognitive activity currently defining humans as processors of information. Considers the kinds of knowledge used by humans; the influence of the individuals' previous experience; the different stages of thought involving in the construction of the consolidated products known as science; thought strategies; and the influence of motivation on thinking processes
