-
Austin, D.: ¬The role of indexing in subject retrieval (1976)
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- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign : Univ. of Illinois, Graduate School of Library Science
- Source
- Major classification systems: the Dewey centennial. Ed by K.L. Henderson
-
Austin, D.: PRECIS: Introduction (1987)
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- Footnote
- Zusammenfassende kompakte Darstellung des Systems PRECIS, seiner Geschichte, Eigenschaften und Möglichkeiten bis hin zum Online-Retrieval. - Als Einführung zu empfehlen
- Source
- Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.42, [=Suppl.7]
-
¬The PRECIS index systems : principles, applications, and prospects. Proc. of the Int. PRECIS workshop sponsored ... , Univ. of Maryland, 15.-17.10.1976. (1977)
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- Content
- Enthält die Beiträge: AUSTIN, D.: The development of PRECIS, and introduction to its syntax; AUSTIN, D.: The semantics of PRECIS: vocabulary control and the RIN system; AUSTIN, D.: Management aspects of PRECIS, and current research and development; SØRENSEN, J.: Multilingual aspects of PRECIS; RICHMOND, P.A.: PRECIS compared with other indexing systems; BRUIN, V. de: PRECIS in a university library; SCHABAS, A.H.: Machine searching of UK MARC on title, LCSH, and PRECIS for selective dissemeination of information; TAYLOR, A.: Manual application of PRECIS in a high school library; ROBINSON, C.D.: Indexing nonbook materials by PRECIS; DYKSTRA, M.: The National Film Board of Canada project; COOK, C.D.: The practical possibilities of PRECIS in North America
-
Austin, D.: PRECIS (2009)
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- Abstract
- Derek Austin's PRECIS, or PREserved Context Index System, was one of the most sophisticated indexing systems ever developed for text. Austin noted that there are many ways that the meaning of index entries may be misread and misunderstood, if the original context from which the concept came was not present. Drawing on a good understanding of linguistics, Austin and his colleagues developed a highly rigorous, yet not impossibly difficult, set of principles to use in indexing with the help of PRECIS. The system was particularly valuable for generating multiple word orderings of entries that still retained their proper contextual meaning. Much of the need for this feature was obviated by the development of powerful full text searching in information systems, however, and PRECIS receded from view in information science. The final sections of the article that address the details of coding and indexing management are deleted from the text below.
- Source
- Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
-
PRECIS: Recent applications (1986)
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- Imprint
- Halifax, Nova Scotia : Dalhousie University, School of Library Service
-
Detemple, S.: PRECIS : ein computerunterstütztes System zur Herstellung alphabetischer Sachregister und Schlagwortkataloge (1982)
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- Abstract
- Das Preserved Context Index System der British Library wird auf einer abstrakt linguistischen Basis beschrieben. Die allgemeinen Grundlagen der mehrsprachigen Anwendung des Systems werden reörtert und Änderungen diskutiert, die die Anwendung im Deutschen ermöglichen würden
-
Austin, D.: Automatisierung in der Sacherschließung der British Library (1984)
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- Abstract
- Dieser Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit Management-Aspekten der Sacherschließung in der British Library, Bibliographic Services Division, wo computergestützte, nicht völlig "automatische" Verfahren angewendet werden. In einer ausführlichen Darstellung des Arbeitsablaufes im Subject Systems Office wird der Weg eines Dokumentes durch die verschiedenen Sektionen verfolgt, und die betriebswirtschaftlichen Folgen der besonderen Rolle von PRECIS in diesem Arbeitsablauf werden erörtert. Das Mehrdateiensystem der British-Library-Datenbank wird beschrieben; es wird gezeigt, wie diese Struktur den effektiven Wiedergebrauch von Daten ermöglicht. Weiterhin wird die Verbesserung des on-line Retrieval durch den Einbau von präkoordinierten Themenangaben in den Suchablauf behandelt; abschließend wird die Rolle des Computers in der Sacherschließung einer IuD-Einrichtung wie der British Library diskutiert
-
Venkatachari, P.N.: Application of PRECIS to Indian languages : a case study (1982)
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- Source
- Perspectives in library and information science (Viswanathan Festschrift). Ed.: S.N. Agawahl
-
Madelung, H.-O.: Subject searching in the social sciences : a comparison of PRECIS and KWIC indexes indexes to newspaper articles (1982)
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- Abstract
- 89 articles from a small, Danish left-wing newspaper were indexed by PRECIS and KWIC. The articles cover a wide range of social science subjects. Controlled test searches in both indexes were carried out by 20 students of library science. The results obtained from this small-scale retrieval test were evaluated by a chi-square test. The PRECIS index led to more correct answers and fewer wrong answers than the KWIC index, i.e. it had both better recall and greater precision. Furthermore, the students were more confident in their judgement of the relevance of retrieved articles in the PRECIS index than in the KWIC index; and they generally favoured the PRECIS index in the subjective judgement they were asked to make
-
Dykstra, M.: ¬The lion that squeaked (1978)
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- Abstract
- A plea to the Library of Congress to adopt the British PRECIS system, and to reconsider the decision to overhaul the LC Subject Headings
- Source
- Library journal. 103(1978) Sept.1, S.1570-1572
-
Ramsden, M.J.: PRECIS: a workbook for students of librarianship (1981)
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- Footnote
- Enthält sehr viele Beispiele zur intensiveren Beschäftigung mit den Möglichkeiten des Systems
-
Austin, D.; Digger, J.A.: PRECIS: The Preserved Context Index System (1977)
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- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 21(1977), S.13-30
-
Dykstra, M.: Subject indexing and retrieval: what more can technology do? (1987)
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- Source
- Canadian library journal. 44(1987) no.3, S.187-189
-
Butcher, J.E.; Trotter, R.: Building on PRECIS : strategies for online subject access in the British Library (1989)
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-
Bakewell, K.G.B.: Indexers' reactions to PRECIS (1979)
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- Abstract
- The background to the Liverpool Polytechnique study of indexer reaction to the PRECIS indexing system and the methodology of the study are described. Some of the findings are discussed, special attention being given to points which some indexers regarded as advantages and other as disadvantages; the alleged labour-intensiveness of PRECIS; the British Library and PRECIS; and the impact of PRECIS on the British library community. A thesaurus of terms used in the British Library PRECIS indexes is needed, and some consideration should be given to the possible simplifications of PRECIS or modification to suit the needs of different users. Feedback from users of PRECIS indexes is required
-
Austin, D.; Digger, J.A.: PRECIS: The Preserved Context Index System (1985)
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- Abstract
- Probably the most interesting, original and controversial indexing system of the 1970s has been PRECIS (the Preserved Context Index System) developed by Derek Austin. It attracted such attention that the short courses given at the British National Bibliography offices in London -initiated as a means of teaching the staff of BNB who did subject indexing-were repeated all over the world, in the form of three-day or three-week sessions. A few fortunate non-BNB indexers were taken into London classes, taught by Austin and Digger, and had the advantage of a week's work with the regular staff theresomething that could not be done elsewhere. In addition, descriptions of the system were published from time to time as progress was made an the system itself and clarification or updating were needed. This article has been selected as an example of clarification. A second edition of the original 1974 Manual describing PRECIS appeared in early 1984, so the system may now be regarded as fully mature. PRECIS, which is the culmination of Austin's research for the Classification Research Group plus considerable additional input from the science of linguistics, is a highly sophisticated indexing system, deliberately created to be used with a computer. The motive behind it was that the indexer should do the brain work and the computer the nitty-gritty work of manipulating index terms. Chosen combinations and permutations are used as head words under strict rules to ensure that the context which defines the specific meaning of these words is always present, thus avoiding the ambiguity problem in indexing. The system also has classifi ation features, in part drawn from the Group's long interest in faceted classification. The actual index produces a large number of index entries, each carrying with it the basic context of the item being described. A weIl-defined terminology, in addition to contextdependency, is a feature of PRECIS. Role operators define the types of terms used and control the manipulations of the terms, which are originally entered as a string. The indexer is able to analyze and reduce to string form any document, process, or material that can be described in words, making it ideal for most audiovisual material.
The system itself has two major aspects: - a syntactic approach in which relationships between terms are identified and tagged. Suitable algorithms for manipulation produce a very thorough index in which each head word is kept in context. - a semantic approach in which terminology is weIl defined by ensuring that the relationships of equivalence, hierarchy, and association are clearly established. Charts of relationships are created by inductive means (i.e., from the ground up). A special code for computer manipulation is used with each line of the string. This translates the string format into one that, with specially derived algorithms, can be used by the computer, to produce the actual index headings with all parts rotated by following the algorithm. The PRECIS system has been translated and utilized for languages other than English, notably French, German, and Danish. Modifications needed for idiosyncracies of each language have been made. Some, such as those modifications needed for German, have turned out to have usefulness with English as weIl. All in all, the system has such advanced indexing concepts that it provides a kind of indexing not possible before the computer came into common usage. Austin, who joined the staff of the British National Bibliography in 1963, is currently a member of the British Library staff. His early work included a NATO-sponsored research assignment for the Classification Research Group (q.v.). This, in turn, led to the development of PRECIS.
- Footnote
- Original in: Library resources and technical services 21(1977) no.1, S.13-30.
-
PRECIS: Für die Anwendung in deutschen Bibliotheken überarbeitete u. vereinfachte Form des syntaktischen Indexierungsverfahrens der British Library (1984)
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-
Eyre, J.J.: Computer-based indexing systems : implications for the book indexer (1974)
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-
Krömmelbein, U.: linguistische und fachwissenschaftliche Gesichtspunkte. Eine vergleichende Untersuchung der Regeln für die Schlagwortvergabe der Deutschen Bibliothek, RSWK, Voll-PRECIS und Kurz-PRECIS : Schlagwort-Syntax (1983)
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- Date
- 6. 1.1999 9:29:10
-
Austin, D.: PRECIS: a manual of concept analysis and subject indexing (1984)
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- Imprint
- London : British Library
