Search (29 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

The successful implementation of Electronic Document Management Systems (EDMS) requires a previous design based on a methodology that includes key steps as follows: capture of critical information and analysis of the current document situation: functional and/or technical options that involve the treatment of the document fonds considered; document management applications design (data, text, images, audio, video) under a functional, technical and economic focus; global and modular project defined as a strategic EDMS plan

Date

11. 2.1999 21:02:22

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Abstract

Library science has no strong scientific image bacause it lacks a consistent theoretical framework. The key element is information, information is knowlegde, and library science is knowledge in the service of society. Society itself is sustained by development, information and ideology, with information as the transforming element. Because of the universal need for information, library science is increasingly valued. The great problem is to delimit the object of study because of its vast area of application. The goals of library science are utopian, bound up with making information available to everyone in the best possible way. But although developments suchg as the Internet seem able to make this possible, in reality computerised information is available only to a minority

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Date

30. 3.2002 19:45:22

Source

Revista Española de Documentaçion Cientifica. 22(1999) no.2, S.198-219

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Abstract

The virtual worlds of cyberspace imply new ways of understanding reality, of relating to others, of transmitting knowledge. Relations between users of these electronic spaces are subjective and through interactivity navigation acquires meaning and leads to democracy. This has resulted in predictions of authentic transparent dialogue based on language without signs, a consensual uniformity of thought where all share common understanding. But virtuality is only possible through computers which operate by using formal languages of symbols, i.e. signs. This distinct class of intermediation gives rise to a new subjectivity based on virtual signs, which through understanding can be placed at the service of life

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Abstract

Information science is currently dominated by 2 paradigms: one emphasises information retrieval as a technological process, based on natural sciences; the other derives from the social sciences, focusing on the information process as a communication act. The first is based on the structure of atoms, the second as people as collective actors. In Brazil the social science approach predominates, chiefly through the influence of 3 currents of thought: American liberalism; German social democracy and French post-structuralism. The ideas of the chief exponents of these theories have been developed by Brazilian researchers, introducing elements from political economy, quantum physics, linguistics, social science and epistemology. This interdisciplinarity is the key to unity in information science

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Source

Revista interamericana de bibliotecologia. 22(1999) no.1, S.21-35

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Abstract

Identifies those skills required by a library and information science graduate. Describes a method for teaching UDC based on an analytic-synthetic approach to classification structure and function. This method reduces the practical time needed for learning UDC

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Abstract

Explains knowledge organization from an interdisciplinary perspective considering the capacity of humans to order, classify and organise. Considers classification by selective and relational criteria as positive for information retrieval. Discusses the descriptive and reductionist concepts of document classification. Proposes a concept based on the observation of the analytical and synthetic intellectual process of indexing and classifying and a unique definition for all types of information centres and documentary languages

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Abstract

Reviews ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) techniques can be used for lawyers, based on typical procedures derived from the philosophy of law. Develops information tools by modelling legal problems into applications through AI. Illustrates this with ARPO-2, a prototype expert system in the field of legal information retrieval

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Abstract

Discussion of the interdisciplinary nature of information science as a field of research, based on essential concepts such as science, information and information science itself. Presents comprehensive themes of research on information science and the difficulties faced by the researcher in this field in the search to attain the existing scientific parameters and the expected prerequisites of any researcher

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Abstract

Early research at the end of the 1950s on computerized indexing used statistical methods based on e.g. frequency, probability, clustering, and relevance. In the 1960s interest began to focus on linguistic analysis and natural language processing e.g. morphological, morphosyntactical, syntactical and semantic analysis. Since the 1980s computerized indexing research has widened to include images, graphics and sound. Examples are given of notable systems developed within each line of approach

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Abstract

Describes the application of a methods to make any systematic alphabetical ordering system compatible with ordering by sequential number. This system is based on the creation of numeric reserves between every 2 initial location marks thus making it possible to insert new documents. A simple table of numeric assignment is used for this. Book tags consist of 1 number of correlative character, while retaining the alphabetical ordering system previously applied to the holdings

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Abstract

Considers historical and systematic approaches to the development of documentary languages and knowledge classification. Proposes an alternative scheme for knowledge organisation based on the views of information managers and scientific classification structures. The adoption of an interdisciplinary approach permits an understanding of the history of knowledge organisation and the development of systems and methods of taxonomy. The origin of hierarchical and associative structures for documentary languages is traditionally the domain of librarians. Classification schemes should be able to survive change and subject integration

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Abstract

An approach to establishing a relationship between knowing, informing and representing, using aspects of linguistic theory to clarify semantic theory as the basis for an overall theory of meaning. Linguistic knowledge is based on a conceptual matrix which defines convergence / divergence of the categories used to specify an object's parameters; work on the analysis of discourse emphasisis the social dimension of meaning, which is the basis of the theory of acts and speech. The evaluation criteria used to determine questions about the possibility of knowledge are necessarily decisive, this opens up promising perspectives if formulating a relationship between conceptual and pragmatic approaches

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Abstract

Presentation of Brooke's law for measuring the ageing of scientific literature was first introduced in 1970. Analyses 5 methods of statistical analysis based on this mathematical model: maximum citation, half-life, Griffiths' method, Brookes' graphical analysis and linear regression. Compares results from practical examples using each method, showing Griffiths to be imprecise and unstable, while the others produce similar results. Potential sources of error (size of sample and of age interval) can be readily controlled. An annotated bibliography is appended

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Abstract

The information process is characterised by 3 phases: potential information, consolidated information and information as knowledge, at which point is becomes a means rather than an end. In the social context, knowledge functions both as a social institution and a socialising institution: since reality is constantly changing, knowledge thus becomes a perspective determined by individual experience. Distribution of knowledge is controlled by those who have access, and in a society marked by inequality such as Brazil this virtually excludes all those living on the margins. The production and distribution of knowledge is thus based on capitalist criteria, reflecting the practices of the owners of capital

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Abstract

Account of the experience of the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre CIMMYT based in Mexico, which employs some 100 scientists and 600 support staff. To improve services the library updated its system using DB/Textworks, software which can manage large quantities of text including both data and images. The system is structured into modules for cataloguing, circulation, user information, serials, acquisition and suppliers. The chief advantages for medium sized libraries such as CIMMYT is its simplicity; tasks such as defining databases, creating reports, exchanging information so not require the intervention of computer experts

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Abstract

The increasing emphasis on the importance of corporate intelligence in promoting competitiveness has generated demand for a new interdisciplinary service based on providing data and information geared to the needs of decision makers. The mission of corporate intelligence is to create products such as verbal and audiovisual presentations, bulletins / newsletters, and summary reports, relevant to the immediate specific needs of the organisation. This new service transforms isolated data into high value added information products, opening up new opportunities for interdisciplinary specialists in business information units

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Abstract

The development of indexing languages to exploit the potential of new information and communication technology is based on the use of controlled vocabulary acting as a bridge between the languages of the author, user and indexer. Such conceptual models eliminate ambiguity and permit generic searching, in contrast to free text approaches. The most efficient type of controlled language is the thesaurus, which is comprehensible to end users, accepts modifications and is structured generically. The Latin American Library and Information Thesaurus now being developed highlights the need for a standardised language for professionals in LAtin America, where use of the common language, Spanish, differs between countries

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Abstract

It is assumed that the conceptual structure of bibliographic records is based on the knowledge of user needs. In applying the entity-relationship model to the library catalogue the authority file and bibliographic records can be viewed as attributes, and the links between records and elements as relationships. Outlines the bibliographic relationships of the UNIMARC format, the analysis of hierarchical relationships carried out by Goosens and Mazur-Rzesos, and the typology of bibliographic documents established by McCallum. Presents 7 types of relationships developed by Tillet and gives results of an empirical study carried out to establish the extent and features of bibliographic relationships in the computerized catalogue of the Library of Congress