Search (77 results, page 1 of 4)

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Abstract

Presents the preliminary results of a pilot research project on disorientation in hypertextual educational systems. It explores spatial cognition's correlation with hypermedia navigation. Analyzes mental models, in order to justify their use as a basis for interface design. Introduces the notion of disorientation in a hypermedia environment. Illustrates the co-ordinates of experiments set up to verify the assumption that users need to build some form of conceptual representation of devices they are interacting with in order to understand them, and reports the results. Redefines the notions of spatial metaphor and of maps in the light of the results

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Abstract

Hypermedia systems are powerful tools for information storage and consultation. Little research effort has been directed towards making the presentation and navigation of hypermedia system more knowledge-based. This results in hypermedia systems which are difficult to use, since the gap which exists between the reader's mental model and the system's internal model of the subject information domain is to wode. Building such a knowledge-based or 3rd order hypermedia system requires the design of a conceptual architecture for hypermedia systems and the definition of an underlying data model which will allow for the explicit representation and manipulation of the semantics of the information. Formulates an approach towards such architecture, the Model - Map - View - Praxis architecture. This architecture introduces 2 concepts: nodes and links is represented and manipulated explicitly. Introduces a browsing mechanism, link navigation through message passing, which allows a hypermedia system to actively change the presentation look and traversal feel of its information contents

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Abstract

Investigates the effects of context-weks versus context-strong tasks and learning style on the citation frequencies and citation percentages of 4 mental models students perceived to be inherent in a hypermedia learning environment. The 4 mental models were semantic networks, concept maps, frames / scripts and schemata. They were further grouped as linear. In study 1 the search participants could cite as many of the 4 mental models as they chose for each of the target commands, features or tools, in study 2 they were limited to citing only one

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Abstract

The paper consists of a series of charts and diagrams rather than a text. Considers the way in which users of printed information sources develop a mental map to assist them in navigation and transfers the psychological concepts underlying the development of such mental maps to the design of hypertext searching systems for computerized information retrieval

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Abstract

To make their system quickly usable, designers often build interfaces that reflect well-known manual activities. Demonstrates how undergraduates use their mental models for print encyclopedias to develop minimal proficiency with various electronic encyclopedias. Lower performance levels in the electronic systems are due to additional cognitive load required to adapt and develop mental models for the new systems. For the fact retrieval questions used in these relativley small data bases, the hypertext encyclopedia required less cognitive load than the 2 traditional Boolean-based systems. Adaptive designs that provide multiple system images are encouraged to support more comprehensive user understanding and more varied tasks

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Abstract

We present a declarative language for the construction of hypertext views on databases. The language is based on an object-oriented data model and a simple hypertext model with reference and inclusion links. A hypertext view specification consists in a collection of parameterized node schemes which specify how to construct node and links instances from the database contents. We show how this language can express different issues in hypertext view design. These include: the direct mapping of objects to nodes; the construction of complex nodes based on sets of objects; the representation of polymorphic sets of objects; and the representation of tree and graph structures. We have defined sublanguages corresponding to particular database models (relational, semantic, object-oriented) and implemented tools to generate Web views for these database models

Date

21.10.2000 15:01:22

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Abstract

We present in this paper a navigation approach using a combination of functionalities encountered in classification processes, Hypertext Systems and Information Retrieval Systems. its originality lies in the cooperation of these mechanisms to restrict the consultation universe, to locate faster the searched information, and to tackle the problem of disorientation when consulting the restricted Hypergraph of retrieved information. A first version of the SYRIUS system has been developed integrating both Hypertext and Information Retrieval functionalities that we have called Hypertext Information Retrieval System (H.I.R.S.). This version has been extended using classification mechanisms. The graphic interface of this new system version is presented here. Querying the system is done through common visual representation of the database Hypergraph. The visualization of the Hypergraph can be parameterized focusing on several levels (classes, links,...)

Source

Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.3, S.387-396

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Abstract

Develops a novel approach to requirements engineering based on hypertext. Utilizes hypertext for semiformal representation to bridge the informality/formality gap between human and computer

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Abstract

The subject areas of psychology, artificial intelligence, education, information science and now hypertext employ a common representation to structure knowledge and information. Examines various interpretations applied to this representation and the uses made and phenomena modelled with it in the different subject domains. Considers the application of these different meanings and functions to hypertext. Discusses the coverage of hypertext and these other subject areas in intelligent tutoring.

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Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Knowledge representation and hypertext

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Abstract

Considering the characteristics of hypertext systems and problems such as cognitive overload and the disorientation of users, this project studies subject hypertext documents that have undergone conceptual structuring using facets for content representation and improvement of information retrieval during navigation. The main objective was to assess the possibility of the application of topic map technology for automating the compatibilization process of these structures. For this purpose, two dissertations from the UFMG Information Science Post-Graduation Program were adopted as samples. Both dissertations had been duly analyzed and structured on the MHTX (Hypertextual Map) prototype database. The faceted structures of both dissertations, which had been represented in conceptual maps, were then converted into topic maps. It was then possible to use the merge property of the topic maps to promote the semantic interrelationship between the maps and, consequently, between the hypertextual information resources proper. The merge results were then analyzed in the light of theories dealing with the compatibilization of languages developed within the realm of information technology and librarianship from the 1960s on. The main goals accomplished were: (a) the detailed conceptualization of the merge process of the topic maps, considering the possible compatibilization levels and the applicability of this technology in the integration of faceted structures; and (b) the production of a detailed sequence of steps that may be used in the implementation of topic maps based on faceted structures.

Date

22. 2.2013 11:39:23

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Abstract

Presents a study of problem solving activities in a hypermedia representation of a theorem proving problem. The users interacted with a system called HUGH&ME which presented users with 2 representations simultaneously. The respresentations were such that any operations carried out on the other. Describes a quantitative analysis of user activities, and a qualitative analysis of users' responses to questions asked during the session. Discusses the need for hypermedia based tools to support expression and refinement of users' reasoning when engaged in hypermedia-based problem solving activities

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Abstract

Hypermedia information systems, because of their inherent qualities of nonlinearity and associative linking, offer the potential of facilitating enhanced knowledge representation and construction for users. These capabilities will be more fully realized if hypermedia information systems are developed and implemented based on constructivist learning theory. Examines the qualities of hypermedia systems that enable them to facilitate learning, discusses the background of current learning theories and provides a brief view of a possible hypermedia system based on constructivist learning principles that could be developed through the use of intellegent autonomous agents

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Abstract

Describes SPIRIT, an advanced hypertext system which couples a prohabilistic and linguistic approach to information retrieval with the intuitive, easily browsable document representation characteristics of conventional hypertext systems.

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Abstract

Describes Microcosm an open hypermedia system developed at the Univ. of Southampton. In Microcosm no information concerning links is held in documents; all link information is held in external linkbases which contain details about the source and destination anchors of the links. Microcosm is also composed of independent components which communicate by passing messages. As working in such an open environment reduces system response work is being carried out in to the use of Microcosm as a hypertext onto other delivery systems. As an intermediate stage HyTime based document structures which describe Microcosm hypertext, especially linkbases are currently being produced. A process which will convert a Microcosm dataset into this representation and then further translation programs to convert the representation to run on other hypermedia delivery systems is being defined

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Abstract

Hypertext has broader applications than being just an information browsing method. Hypertext is a framework which allows for a powerful structuring of large amounts of information. Using hypertext concepts, it is possible to model data in such a way that users can manipulate this information in many different ways, and at different levels of abstraction. Discusses the relationship between the internal representation and the external presentations. Illustrates how a well designed internal representation serves as a foundation for specialized interactions, which can be tailored to specific application areas, primarily by taking the underlying types of information into account

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Abstract

Describes Open Document Architecture (ODA) an international standard for representation and interchange of multimedia documents which aims to support document interchange between document processing systems provided by different vendors of different platforms. Gives an overview of its basic principles describing its document structures, document content, document profile and interchange formats, and discusses future developments

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Abstract

Support for integrating software descriptions is 1 of the key requirements for advanced systems development. Design of upper CASE tools can be greatly increased in power by hypermedia functionality, which provides tool users with smooth transfer possibilities through the dependencies between documents or parts of them. Discusses the prominent hypermedia features required for accomplishing this and describes a prototype in a meta-Case environment. Defines different hyperlink types, supporting dependency representation and navigation, requirements tracing, annotation, argumentation, and bookmarking and landmarking capabilities. Discusses a set of link navigation features

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Abstract

Presents a new way to tackle the well known 'getting lost sydrome' in hypertext systems by using expertext, or the integration of expert systems with hypertext. Focuses on automatic users' guidance. Presents intelligent Automatic Search Guidance which applies a frame-based representation scheme and object oriented techniques to incorporate an intelligent thesaurus into a meta system for powerful search guidance. It also integrates any specific knowledge that is stored in the information scientist's expertise, terms similarity, and any other data that was gathered in past research trials

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Abstract

This paper presents our approach of using hypertext representations to support a scholar in the early stages of a scholarly writing process. We take D. A. Schoen's model of design as a theoretical framework. Schoen views design as a reflective conversation with the materials of a situation, where the designer interacts with the materials, such as pen and sketch on a sheet of paper, in the reflection-in-action process. The designer acts and reflects almost simultaneously; acting on external representations, interpreting emerging representations, and reacting to them. We argue that a scholar needs to engage in two different types of representations in the reflection-in-action process: external representations for thinking about the problem, and representations for expressing a solution in a publishable form. The former does not necessarily precede the latter; rather, the two representations coevolve through the reflection-in-action process. Our approach uses hypertext representations as a means to interact with in the early stages of scholarly writing both for thinking about the problem and for expressing a solution. Hypertext representations have long been studied in their relation to supporting human intellectual work; our approach, however, is unique in providing the two representations with a specific concern for supporting reflection-in-action by applying the concept called ART (Amplifying Representational Talkback) as an interaction design principle. Based on this framework, we have developed ART014, a tool for scholarly writing. ART014 simultaneously supports two types of hypertext representations: a column-based network hypertext representation and a spatial hypertext representation. The two representations are located side by side, and integrated when an interaction with one representation is reflected in the visual presentation of the other. Although a user operates on the same set of objects through the two representations, the user expresses relationships among the objects independently in the two representations. We present a scenario to illustrate in detail how the design concepts underpinning ART014 supports scholarly writing. This paper then discusses our approach from three viewpoints by using the scenario: use of the two representations, engagement in reflection-in-action, and modes of authoring. The paper concludes with a description of future directions.