Search (71 results, page 1 of 4)

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Abstract

In this paper results of a field study into the need for research information of different user groups are presented: scientists, policy makers and policy researchers, industry and media. Main questions of semi-structured interviews were: what kind of research information users need, what kind of research information resources are used and which information resources are missing at the moment. User groups are missing for a diversity of reasons the overview of research, experts and institutes in the different scientific fields. Especially for the accessibility and transparency of the scientific world these overviews are reported to be needed. Neither Google nor any of the research institutes or policy research organisations are able to present surveys for different science fields at the moment. Giving users the possibility to search, browse and navigate through accessible and more specialised layers of research information might give answers to different user groups simultaneously.

Date

2. 7.2005 12:22:50

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Abstract

Information policy, a field encompassing both public policy and information science, treats information as both a commodity-adheres to the economic theory of property rights-and a resource to be collected, protected, shared, manipulated, and managed. Although the literature often refers to information policy in the singular, there is no single all-encompassing policy. Rather, information policies tend to address specific issues and, at times, to be fragmented, overlapping, and contradictory.

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Abstract

This entry provides an overview of European Union (EU) information policy, focusing on its formation, its goals, and its influence. European Union information policy refers to the legislation and strategies pertaining to the European policy for the creation of the information society. It is concerned with economic and industrial competitiveness, with an emphasis on the role that information and communication technologies play in revolutionizing everyday life, a broad goal with far reaching socioeconomic implications. This discussion, however, will be confined to information policy areas of greatest interest to information professionals, namely copyright and intellectual property, data protection and privacy, e-government and digitization.

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Abstract

Previous revolutions, the Agrarian and Industrial, are examined and their features compared with the Information Revolution. Lessons are drawn from the comparison and a range of global issues identified. The nature of the Internet is considered and its pretensions argued to be inflated. The role of the state in developing an information society is discussed. A national information policy is identified as a feature and its application in and implications for Scotland are considered. Key features of an Internet culture are indicated and discussed, with lessons and conclusions for social development within the information society presented.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.14, S.1556-1557 (J. Graef): "On one level, Information Strategy in Practice by Elizabeth Orna is a handbook an how to create an "information strategy." On another, it is a commentary an changing information roles and responsibilities in organizations. The main theme is aimed at information professionals (usually librarians) who want to learn the nuts and bolts of how to conduct an "information audit," how to develop an "information policy," and how to create an "information strategy." The subtext-that information management is everyone's responsibility-is a more radical (and interesting) message. An information strategy as defined by the author is an action plan for managing and applying an organization's information resources and supporting its essential knowledge base (the people who contribute and use information to achieve the organization's objectives). The emphasis is an a specific problem, function, or departmentnot the entire enterprise. For example, a strategy might be aimed at capturing knowledge that is transferred informally among employees or making an information system more efficient, less error prone, and more accessible. According to Orna, an information strategy is the last stage of a three-step process that begins with an audit (needs assessment), which is the basis tot a policy (objectives, priorities, and metrics). As she defines it, the audit describes "what is" in terms of information use. The policy describes "what should be," and the strategy shows how to get from "what is" to "what should be." Table l compares the three processes. The audit example is Orna's; the policy and strategy examples are mine. . . .
Information Strategy succeeds as a guide for librarians who want to conduct an information audit and then follow it up with a set of recommendations and an action plan. IT staff who need to develop a specific kind of policy (e.g., for security or privacy) and businesspeople who want to develop an information strategy for competitive advantage should look elsewhere. Orna also makes a valuable contribution in raising such issues as "mutual information obligations," the relationship between information and knowledge management, the overemphasis an technology solutions and measuring of intellectual capital, and the need to support "incidental information managers." These would make good discussion topics for a graduate library/information science class or a roundtable of practitioners.

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Abstract

Against a background of rapidly developing technology and changing social attitudes, there are many different ways of regarding enquiry work. This article focuses on the problem of characterising information and enquiry work, how it relates to traditional reference work, and how it is adapting to the Internet. Issues of co-operation and government policy are briefly considered.

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the US information infrastructure, including discussion of federal policy affecting the evolution of the infrastructure. Libraries are then discussed as a means to further utilize the information infrastructure to ensure democratic access to information. Design/methodology/approach - The paper begins with a brief history of the evolution of the US information infrastructure and then turns to discussion of how libraries can maximize their utility within the context of this information society. Findings - The paper identifies the richness of the information infrastructure and the potential for information poverty of Americans if libraries are not careful to focus on the information available through information technology rather than focus on the information technology itself. Research limitations/implications - This paper is based on an historical look at the democratic underpinnings of the US information infrastructure and outlines general trends in US federal information policy that lead to the modern US information society. Practical implications - It is the author's wish that librarians and other information professionals use this work to support their focus on information access, using information technology and the rest of the information infrastructure to provide top information service and access to their users. Originality/value - Democratic rule requires an informed populace. The key to an informed populace is utilizing a nation's information infrastructure to most fully disseminate and gather needed information to and from the citizens of that nation. This case study provides an historical overview of the evolution of one nation's information infrastructure as a means to draw attention to the leading role libraries can take in supporting a democratic society, providing access to information via information technologies.

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Date

20. 4.2002 17:30:22

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Classification

327.12 22

DDC

327.12 22

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.2, S.303-305 (L. Hayden): "Part history and part call to action, Covert and Overt examines the relationship between the disciplines of intelligence service and information science. The book is significant in that it captures both the rich history of partnership between the fields, and because it demonstrates clearly the incomplete nature of our understanding of that partnership. In the post-9/11 world, such understanding is increasingly important, as we struggle with the problem of transforming information into intelligence and intelligence into effective policy. Information science has an important role to play in meeting these challenges, but the sometimesambiguous nature of the field combined with similar uncertainties over what constitutes intelligence, makes any attempt at definitive answers problematic. The book is a collection of works from different contributors, in the words of one editor "not so much a created work as an aggregation" (p. 1). More than just an edited collection of papers, the book draws from the personal experiences of several prominent information scientists who also served as intelligence professionals from World War II onward. The result is a book that feels very personal and at times impassioned. The contributors attempt to shed light on an often-closed community of practice, a discipline that depends simultaneously on access to information and on secrecy. Intelligence, like information science, is also a discipline that finds itself increasingly attracted to and dependent upon technology, and an underlying question of the book is where and how technology benefits intelligence (as opposed to only masking more fundamental problems of process and analysis and providing little or no actual value).

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Abstract

An in-depth analysis of strategic management concepts and techniques and how they can be usefully applied to the planning and delivery of information services. Offers practical guidance on the strategy process from appraisal and assessment through to implementation and improvement. Examines the environment in which planning takes place, and financial management issues.Annotated references to management and information service literature.Includes further reading and index. Sheila Corrall is the University Librarian at the University of Reading. She has worked as an information specialist, manager and consultant in public, and national academic libraries. At the British Library, her roles included policy and planning support to top management and responsibility for a portfolio of revenue-earning services in science, technology, patents and business information.

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Abstract

This article presents a brief history of the development of ideas about national and organizational information policies, from the first establishment of a UK Ministry of Information in the First World War to the present day. The issues and tensions that have characterized attempts to develop and implement policies on the national and organizational scale are discussed, with particular reference to: the power relations between the parties to them; the relative significance accorded to information technology and information content; the transition from formulating policy to acting on it; and the threats to the survival of those policies that get as far as implementation. In conclusion, the contribution to date of information science to the theory and practice of information policies is assessed, and suggestions are offered on directions for future efforts, in the light of the past of this interesting field.

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Abstract

Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in human information behavior in part attributable to the rapid development of the Internet and associated information technologies. Concomitantly there has been substantial growth in theoretic frames, research, and substantive models. However, these approaches have often been fragmentary, dependent on the goals of disparate disciplines that are interested in differing aspects of information behavior. They often have been rooted in the most rational of contexts, libraries, where individuals come with a defined problem, or information technology systems, that have their own inherent logic. Attempts to extend this work to everyday life contexts often run into disquieting findings related to the benefits of ignorance and the seeming irrationality of human information behavior. A broader view of our social world leads us to richer policy implications for our work. We live in exciting times, in an increasingly flattened world, where the ability for people to assimilate information they find into coherent personal strategies is perhaps the critical modern survival skill.

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Date

22. 1.2000 17:52:11

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Date

25. 3.2003 13:22:23

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Date

22. 1.2000 19:29:08

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Date

9. 2.2008 17:52:22

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Date

21. 2.2003 14:18:22

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Date

25.11.2005 18:58:22

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Date

4. 3.2006 16:29:22

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Date

22. 8.2009 19:51:28