Search (164 results, page 1 of 9)

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COMPASS

Great Britain

LCSH

Special libraries / Great Britain / Directories
Information services / Great Britain / Directories

Subject

Special libraries / Great Britain / Directories
Information services / Great Britain / Directories
Great Britain

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LCSH

Special libraries / Great Britain / Directories
Information services / Great Britain / Directories

Subject

Special libraries / Great Britain / Directories
Information services / Great Britain / Directories

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LCSH

Special libraries / Great Britain / Directories
Information services / Great Britain / Directories

Subject

Special libraries / Great Britain / Directories
Information services / Great Britain / Directories

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LCSH

Information resources / Great Britain / Directories
Reference services (Libraries) / Great Britain

Subject

Information resources / Great Britain / Directories
Reference services (Libraries) / Great Britain

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Source

Searcher. 2(1994) no.5, S.18-22

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Abstract

Wikipedia (the free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit) is having a huge impact on how a great many people gather information about the world. So, it is important for epistemologists and information scientists to ask whether people are likely to acquire knowledge as a result of having access to this information source. In other words, is Wikipedia having good epistemic consequences? After surveying the various concerns that have been raised about the reliability of Wikipedia, this article argues that the epistemic consequences of people using Wikipedia as a source of information are likely to be quite good. According to several empirical studies, the reliability of Wikipedia compares favorably to the reliability of traditional encyclopedias. Furthermore, the reliability of Wikipedia compares even more favorably to the reliability of those information sources that people would be likely to use if Wikipedia did not exist (viz., Web sites that are as freely and easily accessible as Wikipedia). In addition, Wikipedia has a number of other epistemic virtues (e.g., power, speed, and fecundity) that arguably outweigh any deficiency in terms of reliability. Even so, epistemologists and information scientists should certainly be trying to identify changes (or alternatives) to Wikipedia that will bring about even better epistemic consequences. This article suggests that to improve Wikipedia, we need to clarify what our epistemic values are and to better understand why Wikipedia works as well as it does. Somebody who reads Wikipedia is rather in the position of a visitor to a public restroom, says Mr. McHenry, Britannica's former editor. It may be obviously dirty, so that he knows to exercise great care, or it may seem fairly clean, so that he may be lulled into a false sense of security. What he certainly does not know is who has used the facilities before him. One wonders whether people like Mr. McHenry would prefer there to be no public lavatories at all. The Economist (Vol. 379, April 22, 2006, pp. 14-15)

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Abstract

Presents a brief, critical review of LISA PLaus: the CD-ROM database version of LISA and which includes the database of Current Research in Library and Information Science (CRLIS). The review covers the DOS version only, as it appeared in the Summer 1996 CD-ROM, noting that the Windows version was planned for the future. Points to the way LISA has found its mark, if not its fortune, in LISA Plus and notes its strengths, including: ideal suitability for current awareness in library and information science (LIS); massive and convenient consolidation of the published LIS literature; and massive increase in coverage from 7.900 abstracts in 1993 to over 12.000 currently. Criticizes certain features of LISA Plus, notably: the OPTI-Ware search interface; the combination of 2 databases (LISA and CRLIS) in a single, searchable database; and certain unexpected effects caused by the building of the Subject and Free Text indexes. Points particularly to great lack of consistency in the indexes and the indexing (faults that were fully rectified by a complete overhaul of the data in Summer 1996). Notes that LISA Plus is the first port of call for both information researchers and information science students. The Windows version of LISA Plus was launched in Spring 1997

Date

9. 2.1997 18:44:22

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Content

Enthält die Lehreinheiten: LE1: Kriterien zur Beurteilung von Allgemeinenzyklopädien - LE2: Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon - LE3: Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon, Jahrbuch - LE4: Brockhaus Enzyklopädie - LE5: Das neue Fische Lexikon in Farbe - LE6-7: New Encyclopaedia Britannica - LE8: Britannica Book of the Year - LE9: La Grande Encyclopédie (Larousse) - LE10: Great Soviet Encyclopaedia

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Abstract

Compares consumer research services on the consumer online service America Online (AOL) and the WWW. Examines their resources for: personal finance, news, health/medical information, and general reference. Although the Web offers wider content, AOL's ease of use is a great advantage for consumers

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Abstract

Although the WWW has seen rapid growth and achieved great popularity, little is known about what types of documents are available on the Web. Describes a methodology to collect a representative sample of publicly accessible Web documents and suggests analyses which will benefit libraries and the Internet community in trying to characterise these information sources

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Footnote

The discussion of modes for digital reference world be incomplete without focusing an the technologies that support this activity. E-mail, Web forms, chat, instant messaging, and videoconferencing, as well as the call center based software, are now being adapted for use in libraries. The book discusses the technologies currently available and an the horizon to support digital reference services. While these sections of the book may not age well, they will provide us with a historical glimpse of the nascent development of such tools and how they were used at the beginning of the digital reference age. True to the emphasis an decision-making, the chapter an technology includes a list of functions that reference librarians world want in software to support digital reference. While no current applications have all of these features, this list provides librarians with some ideas concerning possible features that can be prioritized to aid in a selection process. Despite the emphasis an technology, Janes contextualizes this discussion with several significant issues relating to its implementation. These include everything from infrastructure, collaborative service standards, service design, user authentication, and user expectations. The sections an collaborative service models and service design are particularly interesting since they are both in their infancy. Readers wanting an answer or the "best" design of either institutional or collaborative digital reference service will be disappointed. However, raising these considerations is important and Janes points out how crucial these issues will be as online reference service matures. User authentication in the context of reference service is especially tricky since tensions can emerge between license agreements and the range of people who may or may not be covered by these contracts querying reference librarians. Finally, no discussion of digital reference is complete without a discussion of the possibility of 24/7 reference service and the ensuing user expectations. While Janes has no answers to the dilemmas these raise, he does alert libraries providing digital reference services to some of the realities. One is that libraries will get a broader range of questions, which could impact staff time, collection development to support these questions, and necessitate either a confirmation of priorities or a reprioritization of activities. Another reality is that the users of digital reference services may never have partaken of their services before. In fact, for libraries funded to serve a particular constituency (public libraries, academic libraries) this influx of users raises questions about levels of service, funding, and policy. Finally, in keeping with the underlying theme of values that pervades the book, Janes points out the deeper issues related to technology such as increasing ability to track users an the web. While he realizes that anonymous information about those who ask reference questions world provide reference librarians with a great deal of information to hone services and better serve constituencies, he is well aware of the dangers involved in collectiog patron information in electronic form.

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Abstract

While official policy in France is to encourage access to CD-ROMs through public libraries and about 28 already have or plan to offer shortly a CD-ROM service either for loan or consultation the French press has been highly critical of the medium. Discusses problems of standardization; legal aspects, acquisition policies and selection aids and the advent of the DVD

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Abstract

North American newspaper headings in 1992 and 1993 gave the concept of 'family' a great deal of coverage. The debate over 'family values', the Family Leave Bill in the US Congress, and the furor over 'Nannygate' converged together to put the spotlight on families and related topics. Family studies (sometimes called family science) is a broad category, covering diverse fields of study and practice such as family therapy, family sociology, family psychology, social work, population studies, anthropology, family law and other disciplines

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Abstract

National institutions in the international community have realized the importance and significance of digital documents living an the World Wide Web as a part of the current cultural history. Collecting, preserving and giving access to this vast collection of information is a challenge of great importance. This article points at some general focus area, and goes more in depth an access to Web archives. The Nordic Web Archive project is described to some extent.The project has pointed at some alternative ways of enabling users to take benefit of Web archives, and it also brings experiences an the access area forward.

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Abstract

The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Mammalian Biologie CD-ROM was published by McGraw-Hill in Sept 92. It has been designed for use primarily at undergraduate level. Text, images, sound and movie clips and numerical information (data) can be accessed on the disc. In this article the concept of Resource Policy, allowing priority to be given to any one of these media types, is described. The principal methods of using the Encyclopedia (Browse and Search) are described. The working of the 4 hierarchical Browsers is outlined, together with the operation of 'Linked Mode'. The methods use to index the data to the Browsers is also discussed and examples of how the disc may be used are given. The text search features available on the disc are also described. These include simple text search, using Boolean operators, and the ability to search the disc not according to the text itself, but using the indexing structures which underpin the Browsers. Attention is drawn to the implications of this approach for structuring information and upon the costs of developing commercial titles

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Abstract

Wikipedia advocates a strict "neutral point of view" (NPOV) policy. However, although originally a U.S-based, English-language phenomenon, the online, user-created encyclopedia now has versions in many languages. This study examines the extent to which content and perspectives vary across cultures by comparing articles about famous persons in the Polish and English editions of Wikipedia. The results of quantitative and qualitative content analyses reveal systematic differences related to the different cultures, histories, and values of Poland and the United States; at the same time, a U.S./English-language advantage is evident throughout. In conclusion, the implications of these findings for the quality and objectivity of Wikipedia as a global repository of knowledge are discussed, and recommendations are advanced for Wikipedia end users and content developers.

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Abstract

With the rise of Wikipedia as a first-stop source for scientific information, it is important to understand whether Wikipedia draws upon the research that scientists value most. Here we identify the 250 most heavily used journals in each of 26 research fields (4,721 journals, 19.4M articles) indexed by the Scopus database, and test whether topic, academic status, and accessibility make articles from these journals more or less likely to be referenced on Wikipedia. We find that a journal's academic status (impact factor) and accessibility (open access policy) both strongly increase the probability of it being referenced on Wikipedia. Controlling for field and impact factor, the odds that an open access journal is referenced on the English Wikipedia are 47% higher compared to paywall journals. These findings provide evidence is that a major consequence of open access policies is to significantly amplify the diffusion of science, through an intermediary like Wikipedia, to a broad audience.

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Content

"E-LIS (http://eprints.rclis.org/) ist ein internationales Open-Access-Archiv für die Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft sowie verwandte Anwendungsgebiete. Es will die Kommunikation innerhalb der Community fördern und für eine rasche Verbreitung von Forschungsergebnissen sorgen. E-LIS hält sich an die Ziele des Eprint Movement und des Free Scholarship Movement. Das Archiv wird durch "Selbst-Archivierung" aufgebaut, d.h. jeder Autor kann seine Texte selbst ins System einstellen. Bisher sind bereits über 1.000 Publikationen verfügbar. Allerdings sind bisher nur wenige Texte aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum vorhanden. Alle Autoren wissenschaftlicher Texte aus dem LIS-Bereich sind deshalb aufgerufen, ihre E-Prints in E-LIS verfügbar zu machen. Die Vorteile liegen auf der Hand: - Die Texte werden dauerhaft elektronisch verfügbar gemacht. Es besteht ein einheitlicher und einfacher Zugriff auf die Texte. - Die elektronische Verfügbarkeit erhöht die Verbreitung und damit die Wirkung der Forschungsarbeiten. Um einen Text in das System einzustellen, muss man sich einmalig auf der Website anmelden (http://eprints.rclis.org/perl/ register). E-LIS basiert allein auf ehrenamtlicher Arbeit und verfolgt keine kommerziellen Ziele. Für Fragen des Copyrights wurde eine eigene Seite eingerichtet (http:// eprints.rclis.org/copyright.html), ebenso zur Submission Policy (http://eprints.rclis. org/policy.html). Nähere Auskunft für Interessierte aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum erteilt Dirk Lewandowski (http://www.durchdenken. de/lewandowski)"

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Content

"Für die Themenfelder Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft sowie verwandte Anwendungsfelder besteht über das Open-Access-Archiv E-LIS (http://eprints.rclis.org/) die Möglichkeit, Publikationen und Forschungsergebnisse schnell und kostenfrei weltweit verfügbar zu machen. Das Ziel von E-LIS ist es, die Kommunikation innerhalb der Community zu fördern und für eine rasche Verbreitung von Forschungsergebnissen zu sorgen. E-LIS hält sich an die Ziele des Eprint Movement und des Free Scholarship Movement. Das Archiv wird durch "Selbst-Archivierung" aufgebaut, d.h. jede/r Autor/in kann seine Texte selbst ins System einstellen. Bisher sind bereits über 1.000 Publikationen verfügbar, der tägliche Zuwachs kann sich sehen lassen. Allerdings sind bisher so gut wie keine Texte aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum vorhanden. Wir möchten daher alle Autoren wissenschaftlicher Texte aus dem LIS-Bereich aufrufen, ihre E-Prints in E-LIS verfügbar zu machen. Die Vorteile liegen auf der Hand: - Die Texte werden dauerhaft elektronisch verfügbar gemacht. - Es besteht ein einheitlicher und leichter Zugriff auf die Texte. - Die elektronische Verfügbarkeit erhöht die Verbreitung und damit die Wirkung der Forschungsarbeiten. Um einen Text in das System einzustellen, müssen Sie sich einmalig auf der Website anmelden (http://eprints.rclis.org/perl/register) und können dann direkt loslegen. E-LIS basiert allein auf ehrenamtlicher Arbeit und verfolgt keine kommerziellen Ziele. Für Fragen des Copyrights wurde eine eigene Seite eingerichtet (http://eprints.rclis.org/copyright.html), ebenso zur Submission Policy (http://eprints.rclis.org/policy.html)."

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Abstract

Access to previous results is of paramount importance in the scientific process. Recent progress in information management focuses on building e-infrastructures for the optimization of the research workflow, through both policy-driven and user-pulled dynamics. For decades, High Energy Physics (HEP) has pioneered innovative solutions in the field of information management and dissemination. In light of a transforming information environment, it is important to assess the current usage of information resources by researchers and HEP provides a unique test bed for this assessment. A survey of about 10% of practitioners in the field reveals usage trends and information needs. Community-based services, such as the pioneering arXiv and SPIRES systems, largely answer the need of the scientists, with a limited but increasing fraction of younger users relying on Google. Commercial services offered by publishers or database vendors are essentially unused in the field. The survey offers an insight into the most important features that users require to optimize their research workflow. These results inform the future evolution of information management in HEP and, as these researchers are traditionally early adopters of innovation in scholarly communication, can inspire developments of disciplinary repositories serving other communities.