Search (15 results, page 1 of 1)

0.020573197 = product of:
  0.041146394 = sum of:
    0.02532323 = weight(_text_:science in 1753) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02532323 = score(doc=1753,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.20579056 = fieldWeight in 1753, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1753)
    0.015823163 = product of:
      0.031646326 = sum of:
        0.031646326 = weight(_text_:22 in 1753) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.031646326 = score(doc=1753,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.16358867 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0467152 = queryNorm
            0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1753, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1753)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(2/4)

Date

22. 3.2008 12:26:32

LCSH

Computer science / Mathematics

Subject

Computer science / Mathematics

0.020292863 = product of:
  0.040585726 = sum of:
    0.012661615 = weight(_text_:science in 636) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012661615 = score(doc=636,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.10289528 = fieldWeight in 636, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=636)
    0.027924111 = product of:
      0.055848222 = sum of:
        0.055848222 = weight(_text_:history in 636) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.055848222 = score(doc=636,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.21731828 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0467152 = queryNorm
            0.25698814 = fieldWeight in 636, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=636)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(2/4)

Abstract

The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC), a yearly workshop hosted by the US government's National Institute of Standards and Technology, provides the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies. With the goal of accelerating research in this area, TREC created the first large test collections of full-text documents and standardized retrieval evaluation. The impact has been significant; since TREC's beginning in 1992, retrieval effectiveness has approximately doubled. TREC has built a variety of large test collections, including collections for such specialized retrieval tasks as cross-language retrieval and retrieval of speech. Moreover, TREC has accelerated the transfer of research ideas into commercial systems, as demonstrated in the number of retrieval techniques developed in TREC that are now used in Web search engines. This book provides a comprehensive review of TREC research, summarizing the variety of TREC results, documenting the best practices in experimental information retrieval, and suggesting areas for further research. The first part of the book describes TREC's history, test collections, and retrieval methodology. Next, the book provides "track" reports -- describing the evaluations of specific tasks, including routing and filtering, interactive retrieval, and retrieving noisy text. The final part of the book offers perspectives on TREC from such participants as Microsoft Research, University of Massachusetts, Cornell University, University of Waterloo, City University of New York, and IBM. The book will be of interest to researchers in information retrieval and related technologies, including natural language processing.

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.6, S.910-911 (J.L. Vicedo u. J. Gomez): "The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is a yearly workshop hosted by the U.S. government's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that fosters and supports research in information retrieval as well as speeding the transfer of technology between research labs and industry. Since 1992, TREC has provided the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluations of different text retrieval methodologies. TREC impact has been very important and its success has been mainly supported by its continuous adaptation to the emerging information retrieval needs. Not in vain, TREC has built evaluation benchmarks for more than 20 different retrieval problems such as Web retrieval, speech retrieval, or question-answering. The large and intense trajectory of annual TREC conferences has resulted in an immense bulk of documents reflecting the different eval uation and research efforts developed. This situation makes it difficult sometimes to observe clearly how research in information retrieval (IR) has evolved over the course of TREC. TREC: Experiment and Evaluation in Information Retrieval succeeds in organizing and condensing all this research into a manageable volume that describes TREC history and summarizes the main lessons learned. The book is organized into three parts. The first part is devoted to the description of TREC's origin and history, the test collections, and the evaluation methodology developed. The second part describes a selection of the major evaluation exercises (tracks), and the third part contains contributions from research groups that had a large and remarkable participation in TREC. Finally, Karen Spark Jones, one of the main promoters of research in IR, closes the book with an epilogue that analyzes the impact of TREC on this research field.
... TREC: Experiment and Evaluation in Information Retrieval is a reliable and comprehensive review of the TREC program and has been adopted by NIST as the official history of TREC (see http://trec.nist.gov). We were favorably surprised by the book. Well structured and written, chapters are self-contained and the existence of references to specialized and more detailed publications is continuous, which makes it easier to expand into the different aspects analyzed in the text. This book succeeds in compiling TREC evolution from its inception in 1992 to 2003 in an adequate and manageable volume. Thanks to the impressive effort performed by the authors and their experience in the field, it can satiate the interests of a great variety of readers. While expert researchers in the IR field and IR-related industrial companies can use it as a reference manual, it seems especially useful for students and non-expert readers willing to approach this research area. Like NIST, we would recommend this reading to anyone who may be interested in textual information retrieval."

LCSH

Text processing (Computer science) / Congresses

Subject

Text processing (Computer science) / Congresses

0.018332135 = product of:
  0.03666427 = sum of:
    0.014324983 = weight(_text_:science in 26) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.014324983 = score(doc=26,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.11641272 = fieldWeight in 26, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=26)
    0.022339288 = product of:
      0.044678576 = sum of:
        0.044678576 = weight(_text_:history in 26) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.044678576 = score(doc=26,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.21731828 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0467152 = queryNorm
            0.20559052 = fieldWeight in 26, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=26)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(2/4)

Abstract

We live in an information age that requires us, more than ever, to represent, access, and use information. Over the last several decades, we have developed a modern science and technology for information retrieval, relentlessly pursuing the vision of a "memex" that Vannevar Bush proposed in his seminal article, "As We May Think." Faceted search plays a key role in this program. Faceted search addresses weaknesses of conventional search approaches and has emerged as a foundation for interactive information retrieval. User studies demonstrate that faceted search provides more effective information-seeking support to users than best-first search. Indeed, faceted search has become increasingly prevalent in online information access systems, particularly for e-commerce and site search. In this lecture, we explore the history, theory, and practice of faceted search. Although we cannot hope to be exhaustive, our aim is to provide sufficient depth and breadth to offer a useful resource to both researchers and practitioners. Because faceted search is an area of interest to computer scientists, information scientists, interface designers, and usability researchers, we do not assume that the reader is a specialist in any of these fields. Rather, we offer a self-contained treatment of the topic, with an extensive bibliography for those who would like to pursue particular aspects in more depth.

0.010009887 = product of:
  0.040039547 = sum of:
    0.040039547 = weight(_text_:science in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.040039547 = score(doc=4469,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.32538348 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

LCSH

Computer science
Text processing (Computer science)

Series

Springer briefs in computer science

Subject

Computer science
Text processing (Computer science)

0.008953114 = product of:
  0.035812456 = sum of:
    0.035812456 = weight(_text_:science in 2550) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.035812456 = score(doc=2550,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.2910318 = fieldWeight in 2550, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2550)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

LCSH

Computer science
Library science

Subject

Computer science
Library science

0.0075969696 = product of:
  0.030387878 = sum of:
    0.030387878 = weight(_text_:science in 2605) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030387878 = score(doc=2605,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.24694869 = fieldWeight in 2605, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2605)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

For introductory information retrieval courses at the undergraduate and graduate level in computer science, information science and computer engineering departments. Written by a leader in the field of information retrieval, Search Engines: Information Retrieval in Practice, is designed to give undergraduate students the understanding and tools they need to evaluate, compare and modify search engines. Coverage of the underlying IR and mathematical models reinforce key concepts. The book's numerous programming exercises make extensive use of Galago, a Java-based open source search engine. SUPPLEMENTS / Extensive lecture slides (in PDF and PPT format) / Solutions to selected end of chapter problems (Instructors only) / Test collections for exercises / Galago search engine

0.006981028 = product of:
  0.027924111 = sum of:
    0.027924111 = product of:
      0.055848222 = sum of:
        0.055848222 = weight(_text_:history in 3803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.055848222 = score(doc=3803,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.21731828 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0467152 = queryNorm
            0.25698814 = fieldWeight in 3803, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3803)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

The 4th edition of this popular and well-cited text is now co-authored, and includes significant changes from earlier texts. Presenting a comprehensive review of over a century of research on information behavior (IB), this book is intended for students in information studies and disciplines interested in research on information activities. The initial two chapters introduce IB as a multi-disciplinary topic, the 3rd provides a brief history of research on information seeking. Chapter four discusses what is meant by the terms "information" and "knowledge. "Chapter five discusses "information needs," and how they are addressed. The 6th chapter identifies many related concepts. Twelve models of information behavior (expanded from earlier editions) are illustrated in chapter seven. Chapter eight reviews various paradigms and theories informing IB research. Chapter nine examines research methods invoked in IB studies and a discussion of qualitative and mixed approaches. The 10th chapter gives examples of IB studies by context. The final chapter looks at strengths and weaknesses, recent trends, and future development.

0.0050646462 = product of:
  0.020258585 = sum of:
    0.020258585 = weight(_text_:science in 4041) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.020258585 = score(doc=4041,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.16463245 = fieldWeight in 4041, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4041)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

LCSH

Text processing (Computer science)

Subject

Text processing (Computer science)

0.0050646462 = product of:
  0.020258585 = sum of:
    0.020258585 = weight(_text_:science in 3701) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.020258585 = score(doc=3701,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.16463245 = fieldWeight in 3701, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=3701)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

LCSH

Information science

Subject

Information science

0.004476557 = product of:
  0.017906228 = sum of:
    0.017906228 = weight(_text_:science in 4325) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.017906228 = score(doc=4325,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.1455159 = fieldWeight in 4325, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4325)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Series

Advances in information systems and management science; 10

0.004476557 = product of:
  0.017906228 = sum of:
    0.017906228 = weight(_text_:science in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.017906228 = score(doc=4385,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.1455159 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Series

Advances in information systems and management science; 10

0.0039490657 = product of:
  0.015796263 = sum of:
    0.015796263 = product of:
      0.031592526 = sum of:
        0.031592526 = weight(_text_:history in 312) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.031592526 = score(doc=312,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.21731828 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0467152 = queryNorm
            0.14537445 = fieldWeight in 312, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.6519823 = idf(docFreq=1146, maxDocs=44218)
              0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=312)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

How do you find your way in an age of information overload? How can you filter streams of complex information to pull out only what you want? Why does it matter how information is structured when Google seems to magically bring up the right answer to your questions? What does it mean to be "findable" in this day and age? This eye-opening new book examines the convergence of information and connectivity. Written by Peter Morville, author of the groundbreakin Information Architecture for the World Wide Web, the book defines our current age as a state of unlimited findability. In other words, anyone can find anything at any time. Complete navigability. Morville discusses the Internet, GIS, and other network technologies that are coming together to make unlimited findability possible. He explores how the melding of these innovations impacts society, since Web access is now a standard requirement for successful people and businesses. But before he does that, Morville looks back at the history of wayfinding and human evolution, suggesting that our fear of being lost has driven us to create maps, charts, and now, the mobile Internet.

Footnote

Das zweite Kapitel ("A Brief History of Wayfinding") beschreibt, wie Menschen sich in Umgebungen zurechtfinden. Dies ist insofern interessant, als hier nicht erst bei Informationssystemen oder dem WWW begonnen wird, sondern allgemeine Erkenntnisse beispielsweise über die Orientierung in natürlichen Umgebungen präsentiert werden. Viele typische Verhaltensweisen der Nutzer von Informationssystemen können so erklärt werden. So interessant dieses Thema allerdings ist, wirkt das Kapitel leider doch nur wie eine Zusammenstellung von Informationen aus zweiter Hand. Offensichtlich ist, dass Morville nicht selbst an diesen Themen geforscht hat, sondern die Ergebnisse (wenn auch auf ansprechende Weise) zusammengeschrieben hat. Dieser Eindruck bestätigt sich auch in weiteren Kapiteln: Ein flüssig geschriebener Text, der es jedoch an einigen Stellen an Substanz fehlen lässt. Kapitel drei, "Information Interaction" beginnt mit einem Rückgriff auf Calvin Mooers zentrale Aussage aus dem Jahre 1959: "An information retrieval system will tend not to be used whenever it is more painful and troublesome for a customer to have information than for him not to have it." In der Tat sollte man sich dies bei der Erstellung von Informationssystemen immer vergegenwärtigen; die Reihe der Systeme, die gerade an dieser Hürde gescheitert sind, ist lang. Das weitere Kapitel führt in einige zentrale Konzepte der Informationswissenschaft (Definition des Begriffs Information, Erläuterung des Information Retrieval, Wissensrepräsentation, Information Seeking Behaviour) ein, allerdings ohne jeden Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Es wirkt vielmehr so, dass der Autor sich die gerade für sein Anliegen passenden Konzepte auswählt und konkurrierende Ansätze beiseite lässt. Nur ein Beispiel: Im Abschnitt "Information Interaction" wird relativ ausführlich das Konzept des Berrypicking nach Marcia J. Bates präsentiert, allerdings wird es geradezu als exklusiv verkauft, was es natürlich bei weitem nicht ist. Natürlich kann es nicht Aufgabe dieses Buchs sein, einen vollständigen Überblick über alle Theorien des menschlichen Suchverhaltens zu geben (dies ist an anderer Stelle vorbildlich geleistet worden'), aber doch wenigstens der Hinweis auf einige zentrale Ansätze wäre angebracht gewesen. Spätestens in diesem Kapitel wird klar, dass das Buch sich definitiv nicht an Informationswissenschaftler wendet, die auf der einen Seite mit den grundlegenden Themen vertraut sein dürften, andererseits ein wenig mehr Tiefgang erwarten würden. Also stellt sich die Frage - und diese ist zentral für die Bewertung des gesamten Werks.

0.0035812457 = product of:
  0.014324983 = sum of:
    0.014324983 = weight(_text_:science in 4127) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.014324983 = score(doc=4127,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.11641272 = fieldWeight in 4127, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4127)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Imprint

Hershey, Pa. : Information Science Reference

0.0035812457 = product of:
  0.014324983 = sum of:
    0.014324983 = weight(_text_:science in 3800) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.014324983 = score(doc=3800,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.12305341 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0467152 = queryNorm
        0.11641272 = fieldWeight in 3800, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6341193 = idf(docFreq=8627, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=3800)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

When "metadata" became breaking news, appearing in stories about surveillance by the National Security Agency, many members of the public encountered this once-obscure term from information science for the first time. Should people be reassured that the NSA was "only" collecting metadata about phone calls -- information about the caller, the recipient, the time, the duration, the location -- and not recordings of the conversations themselves? Or does phone call metadata reveal more than it seems? In this book, Jeffrey Pomerantz offers an accessible and concise introduction to metadata. In the era of ubiquitous computing, metadata has become infrastructural, like the electrical grid or the highway system. We interact with it or generate it every day. It is not, Pomerantz tell us, just "data about data." It is a means by which the complexity of an object is represented in a simpler form. For example, the title, the author, and the cover art are metadata about a book. When metadata does its job well, it fades into the background; everyone (except perhaps the NSA) takes it for granted. Pomerantz explains what metadata is, and why it exists. He distinguishes among different types of metadata -- descriptive, administrative, structural, preservation, and use -- and examines different users and uses of each type. He discusses the technologies that make modern metadata possible, and he speculates about metadata's future. By the end of the book, readers will see metadata everywhere. Because, Pomerantz warns us, it's metadata's world, and we are just living in it.

0.0031646325 = product of:
  0.01265853 = sum of:
    0.01265853 = product of:
      0.02531706 = sum of:
        0.02531706 = weight(_text_:22 in 1082) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.02531706 = score(doc=1082,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.16358867 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0467152 = queryNorm
            0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 1082, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1082)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Date

16.10.2013 19:22:44