-
Martin, W.J.: ¬The information society (1995)
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- Date
- 15. 7.2002 14:22:55
- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval systems / Social aspects
- PRECIS
- Society / Effects of technological development in information systems
- Subject
- Information storage and retrieval systems / Social aspects
Society / Effects of technological development in information systems
-
Crowe, M.; Beeby, R.; Gammack, J.: Constructing systems and information : a process view (1996)
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- Abstract
- Within dynamic organizations, information systems often fail to adapt to changing requirements and structures. The book presents a different view of IS provision, based on end-user information systems construction, as a means of avoiding many of the recognized problems. Adopting a philosophy of constructivism, emphasizing psychological and social factors in information construction, the authors examine different types of systems across natural and social sciences
- Content
- Enthält u.a. die Kapitel: A constructivist approach to systems, science and constructivism, organizations as systems
- Date
- 25.12.2001 13:22:30
- Series
- The McGraw-Hill information systems, management and strategy series
-
Liebenau, J.; Backhouse, J.: Understanding information : an introduction (1990)
0.03
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- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval systems
- PRECIS
- Information systems
- Series
- Macmillan information systems series
- Subject
- Information storage and retrieval systems
Information systems
-
Liang, T.-Y.: ¬The basic entity model : a theoretical model of information processing, decision making and information systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- The basic entity model aims to provide information processing with a better theoretical foundation. Human information processing systems are perceived as physical symbol systems. The 4 basic entities that these systems handle are: data, information, knowledge and wisdom. The postulates fundamental to the model are the laws of boundary, interaction, and constructed information systems. The transformation of the basic entities taking place in the model create an information space that contains a set of information states in a particular knowledge domain. The space serves as a platform for decision making. Uses the model to analyze the strucuture of constructed information systems mathematically. Adopts the ontological, deep structure approach
-
Weinberg, A.M.: On the relation between information and energy systems : a family of Maxwell's demons (1990)
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-
Lovhoiden, H.: ¬The myth of information : rediscovering data protocols design as the key to data management (1995)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Information researchers are more concerned with exploring myths than advancing the field. Rejects the concept of information, claiming it to be reminiscent of the pipeline metaphor of communication. This claim is based on a constructive world view, sometimes recognised as radical constructivism, sometimes as second order cybernetics, but regarded here as sensible realism. Hence redefines information resources management as data management, since the only thing that can be stored, transferred or received in information systems is data. Their design must be based on this fact. Object orientation must be recognised as a superior approach when developing systems. Common data protocol design is the single most important task for the systems designer and systems performance cannot be improved through computer-human interface design
-
Gill, K.S.: Knowledge and the post-industrial society (1996)
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- Series
- Human-centred systems
-
Smeaton, A.F.: Retrieving information from hypertext : issues and problems (1991)
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- Abstract
- Hypertext uses a browsing rather than a searching strategy. Hypertext systems have found applications in a number of areas. They give users choice of information but this can prove a drawback. Examnines the effectiveness of hypertext as a way of retrieving information and reviews conventional information retrieval techniques. Considers previous attempts at combining information retrieval and hypertext and outlines a prototype systems developed to generate guided tours for users to direct them through hypertext to information they have requested. Discusses how adding this kind of itelligent guidance to a hypertext system would affect its usability as an information system
- Source
- European journal of information systems. 1(1991) no.4, S.239-247
-
Palermiti, R.; Polity, Y.: Desperately seeking user models in information retrieval systems : benefits and limits of cognitivist and marketing approaches (1995)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Presents a comparison of the benefits and limits of 2 different approaches to users of information systems: the cognitivst point of view which tries to perfect man-machine interfaces by using the 'user model' concept; and the marketing point of view, basically entrepreneurial and commercial. Suggests that research should go beyond the mere structure of information retrieval systems and focus on the analysis of the social and professional practices in which information retrieval tasks are embedded
-
McGuire, E.G.: Knowledge representation and construction in hypermedia environments (1996)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Hypermedia information systems, because of their inherent qualities of nonlinearity and associative linking, offer the potential of facilitating enhanced knowledge representation and construction for users. These capabilities will be more fully realized if hypermedia information systems are developed and implemented based on constructivist learning theory. Examines the qualities of hypermedia systems that enable them to facilitate learning, discusses the background of current learning theories and provides a brief view of a possible hypermedia system based on constructivist learning principles that could be developed through the use of intellegent autonomous agents
-
Robertson, G.: What is information? (1996)
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- Source
- Managing information. 3(1996) no.6, S.22-23
-
Gödert, W.: Information as a cognitive construction : a communication-theoretic model and consequences for information systems (1996)
0.02
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- Abstract
- In this paper a model for understanding the concept of information is presented and how the processes of externalization and perception of information by human beings could be understood. This model is different from the standard information theoretic model. It combines the understanding of cognitive information processing as an act of information generation from sense impressions with communication theoretic considerations. This approach can be of value for any system that is regarded as a knowledge system with an in-built ordering structure. As an application some consequences will be drawn for the design of information systems which claims to handle information itself (e.g. multimedia information systems) instead of giving references to bibliographic entities
-
Radermacher, F.-J.: Cognition in systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- The paper proposes a four-level architecture for the cognitive apparatus of ... systems, addresses the handling of nested time scales, tries a first step towards ... approximation of consciousness as a linear abstract control channel within a ... architecture, and describes a number of interplays between an intuitive (sub...) symbolic level of information processing. Furthermore, concrete models, ... model of the environment, partner model, and Eigenmodel of a system are discussed ... comments to test beds are included, as are hints to the project AMOS at FAW ... some of the topics discussed within a platform-based realization, particularly between subsymbolic and symbolic forms of information processing
- Source
- Cybernetics and systems. 27(1996), S.1-41
-
Allen, B.L.: Information tasks : toward a user-centred approach to information systems (1996)
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-
Due, R.T.: ¬The value of information (1996)
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- Abstract
- Data lacks value by itself, it needs to be processed into information. There are 2 types of organizational information: operational and management information systems. Details how the value of these types of information are measured. Explains the normative or information-economics approach to valuing information which attempts to quantify the incremental value of the decisions made with new information. Details the different types of decision assistance systems that can be provided. Describes the weaknesses of the realistic and the subjective value of information approach
-
Curras, E.: System evolution within the information concept (1997)
0.02
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- Abstract
- The concept of information is modified and enhanced to include the principles of systems science. These imply a move towards a greater degree of abstraction and globalization. Information is studies in its various useful, physical, metaphysical and ontogenetic forms, according to systems theories. The properties and connotation of information from the different viewpoints of an individual's development and daily routine are also considered. 'Informationism' is proposed as a new epistemological theory, and compared with various of the recent theories of information. Emphasizes that information has to be reconsidered both as a phenomenon and a process
-
Brier, S.: ¬The usefulness of cybersemiotics in dealing with problems of knowledge organization and document mediating systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- This article develops a non-reductionistic and interdisciplinary view of information and human knowing in the light of second-order cybernetics, where information is seen as 'a difference which makes a difference' for a living autopoietic (self-organizing, self-creating) system. Another key idea comes from the semiotics of Peirce: the understanding of signs as a triatic relation between an object, a representation, and an interpretant. Information is the interpretation of signs by living, feeling, aelf-organizing, biological and social systems. As a concrete example we attempt to describe Library and Information Science (LIS) - especially Information Retrieval (IR) - in a way that goes beyond the cognitivist 'information processing paradigm'. The mn problem of this paradigm is that its concept of information and language does not deal in a systematic way with how social and cultural dynamics set the contexts that determine the meaning of those signs and words that are the basic tools for LIS to organize and retrieve documents. The paradigm does not distinguish clearly enough between how the computer manipulate signs and how meaning is generated in autopoietic systems, and thereby the difference between physical and intellectual access
-
Information literacy : a position paper on information problem solving; American Association of School Librarians Position Statement (1995)
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- Date
- 11. 4.1996 14:22:40
-
Infield, N.: Capitalising on knowledge : if knowledge is power, why don't librarians rule the world? (1997)
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- Source
- Information world review. 1997, no.130, S.22
-
Cawkell, T.: ¬The information age : for better or for worse (1998)
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- Date
- 3. 1.1999 14:40:22
