Search (8687 results, page 3 of 435)

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Source

http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDQQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F3131107&ei=HzFWVYvGMsiNsgGTyoFI&usg=AFQjCNE2FHUeR9oQTQlNC4TPedv4Mo3DaQ&sig2=Rlzpr7a3BLZZkqZCXXN_IA&bvm=bv.93564037,d.bGg&cad=rja

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Abstract

Standard library classification systems like Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), U.S. Library of Congress Classification (LCC), and Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) are internationally known and widely used by libraries as the tools for organizing information. Charles Ammi Cutter's Expansive Classification (EC), James Duff Brown's Subject Classification (SC), Henry E. Bliss' Bibliographic Classification (BC), and S. R. Ranganathan's Colon Classification (CC) also are standard classification systems, but they are less commonly used compared to aforementioned three systems. All these systems are easy to use and convenient for most general collection libraries. However, these systems are not adequate for some special collections. Libraries with rich collections on Islam also face problems while using these systems, although such libraries often use expansions in the original systems for their collections. This paper examines this problem and presents a potential optimal solution. The author collected data, using a semistructured interview technique, from a representative sample of thirty libraries in eight countries with strong collections in Islam. These data were analyzed employing qualitative methods.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.

Content

Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.

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Abstract

The successes of information retrieval (IR) in recent decades were built upon bag-of-words representations. Effective as it is, bag-of-words is only a shallow text understanding; there is a limited amount of information for document ranking in the word space. This dissertation goes beyond words and builds knowledge based text representations, which embed the external and carefully curated information from knowledge bases, and provide richer and structured evidence for more advanced information retrieval systems. This thesis research first builds query representations with entities associated with the query. Entities' descriptions are used by query expansion techniques that enrich the query with explanation terms. Then we present a general framework that represents a query with entities that appear in the query, are retrieved by the query, or frequently show up in the top retrieved documents. A latent space model is developed to jointly learn the connections from query to entities and the ranking of documents, modeling the external evidence from knowledge bases and internal ranking features cooperatively. To further improve the quality of relevant entities, a defining factor of our query representations, we introduce learning to rank to entity search and retrieve better entities from knowledge bases. In the document representation part, this thesis research also moves one step forward with a bag-of-entities model, in which documents are represented by their automatic entity annotations, and the ranking is performed in the entity space.

Content

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Information Technologies. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~cx%2Fpapers%2Fknowledge_based_text_representation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0SaTSvhWLTh__Uz_HtOtl3.

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Abstract

For about 10 years, systems such as STATUS, CAIRS and INMAGIC have offered the ability to search for any word in a collection of unstructured text. Until recently, only librarians and documentalists have been interested, but free text retrieval is increasingly valued in the business world in general and all 3 systems are striving for a wider market by adding other features to their established core competence. Illustrates this trend with particualr reference to: STATUS/IQ; CAIRS; TMS and DB/TextWorks (the successor to InMagic Plus)

Date

22. 2.1996 10:18:16

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Abstract

An introduction to technical solutions for the generation and conversion of digital documents, using affordable scanner devices, document imaging systems and OCR technologies with cheap, networkable high storage capacity media such as CD-ROMs and CD-R signals the arrival of CD-ROM based document imaging systems. Describes the processes involved, including: the document imaging process; use of scanners to make bitmaps; data compression; advantages of indexing the images; OCR techniques; and document display. Lists some of the companies providing products and services applicable to CD-ROM and CD-R based document imaging systems

Date

6. 9.1996 19:08:22

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Abstract

Addresses the issues that face the developers of document access, retrieval and delivery systems for the end user. Current technology cannot satisfy the expectations that such systems will challenge many cultural aspects and infrastructures of organizations. Based on experiences of work for the British Library, codenamed DiSCovery (now Inside) which seeks to combine the latest technology and operational practices into a system that has the potential to revolutionize the way users access and receive material from the British Library

Source

Interlending and document supply. 24(1996) no.3, S.17-22

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Abstract

Z39.50 is an information retrieval protocol. It has generated much interest but is so far little deployed in UK systems and services. Gives a functional overview of the protocol itself and the standards background, describes some European initiatives which make use of it, and outlines various issues to do with its future use and acceptance. Z39.50 is a crucial building block of future distributed information systems but it needs to be considered alongside other protocols and services to provide useful applications

Source

Program. 30(1996) no.1, S.1-22

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Abstract

Discusses the history of the development of thesauri and considers the feasibility of using them as a means for the description of knowledge systems. Contemporary computing technology makes it possible to compile highly effective thesauri, which can be used as a tool for the development of complex databases and knowledge systems

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Thesaurus as a means for description of knowledge systems

Source

Nauchno- Tekhnicheskaya Informatsiya; Series 2. 1997, no.11, S.16-22

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Abstract

Introduces geographic information systems (GIS) technology and its applications. Libraries are the natural choice as a central location for digital geospatial data sets and meta data and a source of information and instruction. They are also involved in the production of GIS metadata. Describes GIS activities at the University of Washington Libraries, USA, schlosser Geographic systems, Inc., and King County GIS Program

Source

Online. 22(1998) no.3, S.65-68,70

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Abstract

The paper performs a thought experiment on the concept of a record based on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and library system functions, and concludes that if we want to develop a functional bibliographic record we need to do it within the context of a flexible, functional library systems record structure. The article suggests a new way to look at the library systems record that would allow libraries to move forward in terms of technology but also in terms of serving library users.

Source

Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.166-174

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Abstract

With the many choices that can be built into information systems, it is possible to customize such systems for users, based on the tasks that users are accomplishing, on the personal characteristics of users, or a combination of these factors. Reports results of an experiment which detailed logging of use of experimental information systems and was used to determine the optimal configuration of these systems for each user. 4 experimental systems were specially designed and all used a single database of 668 bibliographic records. Tasks were varied, and the cognitive abilities of users were tested to assess one important personal characteristic. Results showed that it was possible to create an optimal configuration to match the cognitive abilities of users, but that it was more difficult to assess which configuration was the best match for specific tasks. The person in task interaction proved to be the least powerful indicator of design configurations. These results suggest that usable information systems can be created for users by careful analysis of the interaction of design features with personal characteristics such as cognitive abilities

Source

Online and CD-ROM review. 22(1998) no.3, S.139-153

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Abstract

The approach to information systems actability emphasizes the social action character of information systems and its social context. It aims at a pragmatically and social sensitive approach to information systems. This paper extends the scope and focus of this approach by suggesting a research framework called universal actability. The research framework advocates for an integral understanding of universal usability, human communication and action competence, and information systems actability. To pursue this research objective, this paper focuses on the following aspects: It provides a critical review of the concepts of the previous research on information systems actability and suggests some extensions and revisions towards universal actability. In addition, it discusses several maxims for (intercultural) communications and their implications for the actors and systems. Finally, it reflects on the applicability of user modeling technology for modeling diversity in order to enhance actor's and system's actability across diverse contexts.

Date

22. 6.2007 13:31:31

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Abstract

The architecture of multilingual software systems is sometimes centred around an intermediate language. The question is analyzed to what extent this approach can be useful for multilingual thesauri, in particular regarding the functionality the thesaurus is designed to fulfil. Both the runtime use, and the construction and maintenance of the system is taken into consideration. Using the perspective of general language technology enables to draw on experience from a broader range of fields beyond thesaurus design itself as well as to consider the possibility of using a thesaurus as a knowledge module in various systems which process natural language. Therefore the features which thesauri and other natural-language processing systems have in common are emphasized, especially at the level of systems design and their core functionality

Source

Knowledge organization. 22(1995) nos.3/4, S.136-140

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Pages

S.11-22

Source

Compatibility and integration of order systems: Research Seminar Proceedings of the TIP/ISKO Meeting, Warsaw, 13-15 September 1995

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Source

Knowledge organization. 22(1995) no.2, S.91-92

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Date

30.11.1995 20:53:22

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Date

30.11.1995 20:53:22

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Abstract

Die Begeisterung der Wissenschaft für das Internet zwingt zu völligen Reorganisation des wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesens. Im vergangenen Jahr haben die Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, die Gesellschaft für Informatik, die Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung und die Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft beschlossen, die Entwicklung eines Elektronic Publishing Systems für die Wissenschaft gemeinsam anzupacken

Source

Cogito. 12(1996) H.3, S.20-22

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Abstract

Reviews the range of the text retrieval software from InTEXT Systems, San Francisco, with particular reference to their range of new products based on intelligent, object oriented technology. These developments centre on searching and retrieval over the Internet and the WWW

Date

22. 2.1996 10:18:16