-
Buchanan, S.; Jardine, C.; Ruthven, I.: Information behaviors in disadvantaged and dependent circumstances and the role of information intermediaries (2019)
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- Abstract
- This article provides the first empirical study focused exclusively on the information intermediary role in disadvantaged (socioeconomic) and dependent (support) circumstances. We report findings from interviews and focus groups with 49 UK state and voluntary sector professionals providing support to young (<21) mothers from areas of multiple deprivations. We evidence an important information intermediary role with three key contributions to information behaviors in disadvantaged and dependent circumstances. Intermediaries: facilitate information needs recognition, and consider purposeful action within problematic situations; are a key source of information in themselves, and a key integrative connection to other external sources not otherwise accessed; and tailor and personalize information for relevance, and communicate via incremental and recursive cycles that take into account learning needs. We provide parameters for a theory of information intermediary intervention to guide future examination of an important and understudied role; and conceptualize important theoretical relationships between information behavior and social capital, and in particular shared concepts of social integration, and the progressive and integrative intermediary role within. Our findings have significant practical implications for public health policy and digital health strategies, as they evidence an important human information intermediary role among an at-risk group, with implications for disadvantaged and vulnerable populations more broadly.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.2, S.117-129
-
Hasler, L.; Ruthven, I.; Buchanan, S.: Using internet groups in situations of information poverty : topics and information needs (2014)
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- Abstract
- This study explores the use of online newsgroups and discussion groups by people in situations of information poverty. Through a qualitative content analysis of 200 posts across Internet groups, we identify topics and information needs expressed by people who feel they have no other sources of support available to them. We uncover various health, well-being, social, and identity issues that are not only crucial to the lives of the people posting but which they are unwilling to risk revealing elsewhere-offering evidence that these online environments provide an outlet for the expression of critical and hidden information needs. To enable this analysis, we first describe our method for reliably identifying situations of information poverty in messages posted to these groups and outline our coding approach. Our work contributes to the study of both information seeking within the context of information poverty and the use of Internet groups as sources of information and support, bridging the two by exploring the manifestation of information poverty in this particular online setting.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.1, S.25-36
-
Sanderson, M.; Ruthven, I.: Report on the Glasgow IR group (glair4) submission (1997)
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- Imprint
- Gaithersburgh, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology
-
Crestani, F.; Ruthven, I.; Sanderson, M.; Rijsbergen, C.J. van: ¬The troubles with using a logical model of IR on a large collection of documents : experimenting retrieval by logical imaging on TREC (1996)
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- Imprint
- Gaithersburgh, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology
-
White, R.W.; Ruthven, I.: ¬A study of interface support mechanisms for interactive information retrieval (2006)
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- Abstract
- Advances in search technology have meant that search systems can now offer assistance to users beyond simply retrieving a set of documents. For example, search systems are now capable of inferring user interests by observing their interaction, offering suggestions about what terms could be used in a query, or reorganizing search results to make exploration of retrieved material more effective. When providing new search functionality, system designers must decide how the new functionality should be offered to users. One major choice is between (a) offering automatic features that require little human input, but give little human control; or (b) interactive features which allow human control over how the feature is used, but often give little guidance over how the feature should be best used. This article presents a study in which we empirically investigate the issue of control by presenting an experiment in which participants were asked to interact with three experimental systems that vary the degree of control they had in creating queries, indicating which results are relevant in making search decisions. We use our findings to discuss why and how the control users want over search decisions can vary depending on the nature of the decisions and the impact of those decisions on the user's search.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.7, S.933-948
-
Tinto, F.; Ruthven, I.: Sharing "happy" information (2016)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 67(2016) no.10, S.2329-2343
-
Ruthven, I.: Resonance and the experience of relevance (2021)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 72(2021) no.5, S.554-569
-
Ruthven, I.: ¬An information behavior theory of transitions (2022)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.4, S.579-593
-
Elsweiler, D.; Ruthven, I.; Jones, C.: Towards memory supporting personal information management tools (2007)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.7, S.924-946
-
Tombros, A.; Ruthven, I.; Jose, J.M.: How users assess Web pages for information seeking (2005)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.4, S.327-344
-
Ruthven, I.; Buchanan, S.; Jardine, C.: Relationships, environment, health and development : the information needs expressed online by young first-time mothers (2018)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.8, S.985-995
-
Ruthven, I.; Buchanan, S.; Jardine, C.: Isolated, overwhelmed, and worried : young first-time mothers asking for information and support online (2018)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.9, S.1073-1083
-
Oduntan, O.; Ruthven, I.: People and places : bridging the information gaps in refugee integration (2021)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 72(2021) no.1, S.83-96
-
Ruthven, I.; Baillie, M.; Elsweiler, D.: ¬The relative effects of knowledge, interest and confidence in assessing relevance (2007)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine how different aspects of an assessor's context, in particular their knowledge of a search topic, their interest in the search topic and their confidence in assessing relevance for a topic, affect the relevance judgements made and the assessor's ability to predict which documents they will assess as being relevant. Design/methodology/approach - The study was conducted as part of the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) HARD track. Using a specially constructed questionnaire information was sought on TREC assessors' personal context and, using the TREC assessments gathered, the responses were correlated to the questionnaire questions and the final relevance decisions. Findings - This study found that each of the three factors (interest, knowledge and confidence) had an affect on how many documents were assessed as relevant and the balance between how many documents were marked as marginally or highly relevant. Also these factors are shown to affect an assessors' ability to predict what information they will finally mark as being relevant. Research limitations/implications - The major limitation is that the research is conducted within the TREC initiative. This means that we can report on results but cannot report on discussions with the assessors. The research implications are numerous but mainly on the effect of personal context on the outcomes of a user study. Practical implications - One major consequence is that we should take more account of how we construct search tasks for IIR evaluation to create tasks that are interesting and relevant to experimental subjects. Originality/value - Examining different search variables within one study to compare the relative effects on these variables on the search outcomes.
-
White, R.W.; Jose, J.M.; Ruthven, I.: Using top-ranking sentences to facilitate effective information access (2005)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.10, S.1113-1125
-
Balatsoukas, P.; Ruthven, I.: ¬An eye-tracking approach to the analysis of relevance judgments on the Web : the case of Google search engine (2012)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.9, S.1728-1746
-
Ruthven, I.; Lalmas, M.; Rijsbergen, K. van: Combining and selecting characteristics of information use (2002)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.5, S.378-396
-
Belabbes, M.A.; Ruthven, I.; Moshfeghi, Y.; Rasmussen Pennington, D.: Information overload : a concept analysis (2023)
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- Date
- 22. 4.2023 19:27:56
