-
Greenhalgh, L.; Worple, K.; Landry, C.: Libraries in a world of cultural change (1995)
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- Date
- 26. 7.2002 14:35:22
- LCSH
- Public libraries / Social aspects / Great Britain
- Subject
- Public libraries / Social aspects / Great Britain
-
Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005)
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- Abstract
- By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
- Content
- Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
-
Yetim, F.: Universal Actability : Towards an integral understanding of universal usability, (intercultural) action competence, and information systems actability (2004)
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- Abstract
- The approach to information systems actability emphasizes the social action character of information systems and its social context. It aims at a pragmatically and social sensitive approach to information systems. This paper extends the scope and focus of this approach by suggesting a research framework called universal actability. The research framework advocates for an integral understanding of universal usability, human communication and action competence, and information systems actability. To pursue this research objective, this paper focuses on the following aspects: It provides a critical review of the concepts of the previous research on information systems actability and suggests some extensions and revisions towards universal actability. In addition, it discusses several maxims for (intercultural) communications and their implications for the actors and systems. Finally, it reflects on the applicability of user modeling technology for modeling diversity in order to enhance actor's and system's actability across diverse contexts.
- Date
- 22. 6.2007 13:31:31
-
Xu, C.; Ma, B.; Chen, X.; Ma, F.: Social tagging in the scholarly world (2013)
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- Abstract
- The number of research studies on social tagging has increased rapidly in the past years, but few of them highlight the characteristics and research trends in social tagging. A set of 862 academic documents relating to social tagging and published from 2005 to 2011 was thus examined using bibliometric analysis as well as the social network analysis technique. The results show that social tagging, as a research area, develops rapidly and attracts an increasing number of new entrants. There are no key authors, publication sources, or research groups that dominate the research domain of social tagging. Research on social tagging appears to focus mainly on the following three aspects: (a) components and functions of social tagging (e.g., tags, tagging objects, and tagging network), (b) taggers' behaviors and interface design, and (c) tags' organization and usage in social tagging. The trend suggest that more researchers turn to the latter two integrated with human computer interface and information retrieval, although the first aspect is the fundamental one in social tagging. Also, more studies relating to social tagging pay attention to multimedia tagging objects and not only text tagging. Previous research on social tagging was limited to a few subject domains such as information science and computer science. As an interdisciplinary research area, social tagging is anticipated to attract more researchers from different disciplines. More practical applications, especially in high-tech companies, is an encouraging research trend in social tagging.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.10, S.2045-2057
- Theme
- Social tagging
-
Song, F.W.: Virtual communities : bowling alone, online together (2009)
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- Abstract
- Does contemporary Internet technology strengthen civic engagement and democratic practice? The recent surge in online community participation has become a cultural phenomenon enmeshed in ongoing debates about the health of American civil society. But observations about online communities often concentrate on ascertaining the true nature of community and democracy, typically rehearsing familiar communitarian and liberal perspectives. This book seeks to understand the technology on its own terms, focusing on how the technological and organizational configurations of online communities frame our contemporary beliefs and assumptions about community and the individual. It analyzes key structural features of thirty award-winning online community websites to show that while the values of individual autonomy, egalitarianism, and freedom of speech dominate the discursive content of these communities, the practical realities of online life are clearly marked by exclusivity and the demands of commercialization and corporate surveillance. Promises of social empowerment are framed within consumer and therapeutic frameworks that undermine their democratic efficacy. As a result, online communities fail to revolutionize the civic landscape because they create cultures of membership that epitomize the commodification of community and public life altogether.
- COMPASS
- Online social networks
Internet / Social aspects
Information technology / Social aspects
- Content
- Inhalt: The virtual community -- A high-stakes battle : the context of virtual communities -- A cultural topography of virtual communities : the rough terrain of autonomy and control -- An alternative framework for understanding virtual communities -- The institutional landscape : the market of virtual communities -- The evolving landscape of virtual communities -- Technology, the self, and the market : eyeing the horizons of a brave new democracy -- Epilogue
- Subject
- Online social networks
Internet / Social aspects
Information technology / Social aspects
-
Materiality and organizing : social interaction in a technological world (2013)
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- Abstract
- Ask a person on the street whether new technologies bring about important social change and you are likely to hear a resounding "yes." But the answer is less definitive amongst academics who study technology and social practice. Scholarly writing has been heavily influenced by the ideology of technological determinism - the belief that some types or technologically driven social changes are inevitable and cannot be stopped. Rather than argue for or against notions of determinism, the authors in this book ask how the materiality (the arrangement of physical, digital, or rhetorical materials into particular forms that endure across differences in place and time) of technologies, ranging from computer-simulation tools and social media, to ranking devices and rumors, is actually implicated in the process of formal and informal organizing. The book builds a new theoretical framework to consider the important socio-technical changes confronting people's everyday experiences in and outside of work. Leading scholars in the field contribute original chapters examining the complex interactions between technology and the social, between artifact and humans. The discussion spans multiple disciplines, including management, information systems, informatics, communication, sociology, and the history of technology, and opens up a new area of research regarding the relationship between materiality and organizing.
- Content
- Materiality and Organizing marks a long overdue turning point in the scholarly study of the human-technology relationship that now engulfs our lives. For too long, researchers have tended to treat technology as a dream conjured by agents and imbued with their projects. This brilliant sequence of essays restores and deepens the entire field of perception. It finally returns us to the facticity of technology as it persistently redefines the horizon of the possible. These tightly argued masterpieces reestablish technology as embodied and significant. Most importantly, they return us to materiality just in time. With each passing day, technology becomes both more abstracted from its physical manifestations and more ubiquitous, producing a dematerialized materiality. Only a relentless focus on this paradox will yield the intellectual tools that are required to participate in our own destinies. Shoshana Zuboff, Charles Edward Wilson Professor, Harvard Business School This volume is a much-needed exploration of the material aspects of the technologies that have reshaped our world. For two decades, a narrative framing technologies as social constructions has led to important advances in our understanding of their nature and impacts. Materiality and Organizing provides an important counterbalance to this approach in its exploration of the dimensions of materiality that constrain but also enable technologies to connect with and affect people, organizations, and society. This volume is required reading for scholars interested in technology, its development, and its impacts. Its insights into information technology are particularly significant. Professor Marshall Scott Poole, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign For too long the materiality of social life has been ignored by sociologists and organization studies scholars. The role of materiality in social life is turning out to be one of the most interesting and difficult issues in the field. This multidisciplinary collection does not offer a single solution but offers the latest thoughts of scholars who try and take materiality seriously in their own research. The resulting volume is a deep and fascinating collection of essays. (Professor Trevor Pinch, Cornell University)
- LCSH
- Computers / Social aspects
Technological innovations / Social aspects
Digital communications / Social aspects
- Subject
- Computers / Social aspects
Technological innovations / Social aspects
Digital communications / Social aspects
-
Day, R.E.: Indexing it all : the subject in the age of documentation, information, and data (2014)
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- Abstract
- In this book, Ronald Day offers a critical history of the modern tradition of documentation. Focusing on the documentary index (understood as a mode of social positioning), and drawing on the work of the French documentalist Suzanne Briet, Day explores the understanding and uses of indexicality. He examines the transition as indexes went from being explicit professional structures that mediated users and documents to being implicit infrastructural devices used in everyday information and communication acts. Doing so, he also traces three epistemic eras in the representation of individuals and groups, first in the forms of documents, then information, then data. Day investigates five cases from the modern tradition of documentation. He considers the socio-technical instrumentalism of Paul Otlet, "the father of European documentation" (contrasting it to the hermeneutic perspective of Martin Heidegger); the shift from documentation to information science and the accompanying transformation of persons and texts into users and information; social media's use of algorithms, further subsuming persons and texts; attempts to build android robots -- to embody human agency within an information system that resembles a human being; and social "big data" as a technique of neoliberal governance that employs indexing and analytics for purposes of surveillance. Finally, Day considers the status of critique and judgment at a time when people and their rights of judgment are increasingly mediated, displaced, and replaced by modern documentary techniques.
- Content
- Paul Otlet : friends and books for information needsRepresenting documents and persons in information systems : library and information science and citation indexing and analysis -- Social computing and the indexing of the whole -- The document as the subject : androids -- Governing expression : social big data and neoliberalism.
- Footnote
- Vgl. auch den Beitrag: Day, R.E.: An afterword to indexing it all: the subject in the age of documentation, information, and data. In: Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 42(2016) no.2, S.25-28. Rez. in: JASIST 67(2016) no.7, S.1784-1786 (H.A. Olson).
- LCSH
- Documentation / Social aspects
Information science / Social aspects
Indexing / Social aspects
Information technology / Social aspects
- Subject
- Documentation / Social aspects
Information science / Social aspects
Indexing / Social aspects
Information technology / Social aspects
-
Newell, B.C.: Surveillance as information practice (2023)
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- Abstract
- Surveillance, as a concept and social practice, is inextricably linked to information. It is, at its core, about information extraction and analysis conducted for some regulatory purpose. Yet, information science research only sporadically leverages surveillance studies scholarship, and we see a lack of sustained and focused attention to surveillance as an object of research within the domains of information behavior and social informatics. Surveillance, as a range of contextual and culturally based social practices defined by their connections to information seeking and use, should be framed as information practice-as that term is used within information behavior scholarship. Similarly, manifestations of surveillance in society are frequently perfect examples of information and communications technologies situated within everyday social and organizational structures-the very focus of social informatics research. The technological infrastructures and material artifacts of surveillance practice-surveillance technologies-can also be viewed as information tools. Framing surveillance as information practice and conceptualizing surveillance technologies as socially and contextually situated information tools can provide space for new avenues of research within the information sciences, especially within information disciplines that focus their attention on the social aspects of information and information technologies in society.
- Date
- 22. 3.2023 11:57:47
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 74(2023) no.4, S.444-460
-
Levy, P.: Collective intelligence : mankind's emerging world in cyberspace (1997)
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- LCSH
- Information technology / Social aspects
- Subject
- Information technology / Social aspects
-
Puttnam, D.: Citizens of the information society (1996)
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- Abstract
- Comments on some social aspects of modern communications technologies and the challenges facing societies if they are to relaize their potential while at the same time avoiding their pitfalls
- Source
- Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.1, S.1-11
-
McGarry, K.: ¬The changing context of information : an introductory analysis (1993)
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- Abstract
- The 2nd ed. of this introductory work gives an account of the new methods of thinking about information. The author examines the importance of the social and cultural context in analysing the meaning and relevance of information for the indivudual and society. He explores the interaction between communications technology, human information processing, the representation of information and the attendant problems of storage and transmission. The social implications of knowledge engineering are also discussed, together with the ethics of information and its relevance to the information professional of the next century
- LCSH
- Information science / Social aspects
- Subject
- Information science / Social aspects
-
Mas, S.; Marleau, Y.: Proposition of a faceted classification model to support corporate information organization and digital records management (2009)
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- Footnote
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?reload=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4755313%2F4755314%2F04755480.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4755480&authDecision=-203.
-
Zeng, Q.; Yu, M.; Yu, W.; Xiong, J.; Shi, Y.; Jiang, M.: Faceted hierarchy : a new graph type to organize scientific concepts and a construction method (2019)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Faclanthology.org%2FD19-5317.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0ZZFyq5wWTtNTvNkrvjlGA.
-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
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- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
-
Aral, S.: ¬The hype machine : how social media disrupts our elections, our economy, and our health - and how we must adapt (2020)
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- Abstract
- Social media connected the world--and gave rise to fake news and increasing polarization. Now a leading researcher at MIT draws on 20 years of research to show how these trends threaten our political, economic, and emotional health in this eye-opening exploration of the dark side of technological progress. Today we have the ability, unprecedented in human history, to amplify our interactions with each other through social media. It is paramount, MIT social media expert Sinan Aral says, that we recognize the outsized impact social media has on our culture, our democracy, and our lives in order to steer today's social technology toward good, while avoiding the ways it can pull us apart. Otherwise, we could fall victim to what Aral calls "The Hype Machine." As a senior researcher of the longest-running study of fake news ever conducted, Aral found that lies spread online farther and faster than the truth--a harrowing conclusion that was featured on the cover of Science magazine. Among the questions Aral explores following twenty years of field research: Did Russian interference change the 2016 election? And how is it affecting the vote in 2020? Why does fake news travel faster than the truth online? How do social ratings and automated sharing determine which products succeed and fail? How does social media affect our kids? First, Aral links alarming data and statistics to three accelerating social media shifts: hyper-socialization, personalized mass persuasion, and the tyranny of trends. Next, he grapples with the consequences of the Hype Machine for elections, businesses, dating, and health. Finally, he maps out strategies for navigating the Hype Machine, offering his singular guidance for managing social media to fulfill its promise going forward. Rarely has a book so directly wrestled with the secret forces that drive the news cycle every day"
- Content
- Inhalt: Pandemics, Promise, and Peril -- The New Social Age -- The End of Reality -- The Hype Machine -- Your Brain on Social Media -- A Network's Gravity is Proportional to Its Mass -- Personalized Mass Persuasion -- Hypersocialization -- Strategies for a Hypersocialized World -- The Attention Economy and the Tyranny of Trends -- The Wisdom and Madness of Crowds -- Social Media's Promise Is Also Its Peril -- Building a Better Hype Machine.
- LCSH
- Social media / Moral and ethical aspects
Social interaction
- RSWK
- Social Media / Informationsgesellschaft / Propaganda / Fehlinformation
- Subject
- Social Media / Informationsgesellschaft / Propaganda / Fehlinformation
Social media / Moral and ethical aspects
Social interaction
-
Capurro, R.: Information technology and technologies of the self (1996)
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- Abstract
- Discusses how we can ensure that the benefits of information technology are distributed equitably and can be used by people to shape their lives. Examines some ethical aspects of the intersections between information technology and technologies of the self, as analyzed by some leading thinkers. The analyzes show that information technology shares the ambiguities of all technological products. The mutual dependency between moral rules and technologies of the self with regard to the social impact of information technology is also demonstrated
-
Ding, Y.; Jacob, E.K.; Zhang, Z.; Foo, S.; Yan, E.; George, N.L.; Guo, L.: Perspectives on social tagging (2009)
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- Abstract
- Social tagging is one of the major phenomena transforming the World Wide Web from a static platform into an actively shared information space. This paper addresses various aspects of social tagging, including different views on the nature of social tagging, how to make use of social tags, and how to bridge social tagging with other Web functionalities; it discusses the use of facets to facilitate browsing and searching of tagging data; and it presents an analogy between bibliometrics and tagometrics, arguing that established bibliometric methodologies can be applied to analyze tagging behavior on the Web. Based on the Upper Tag Ontology (UTO), a Web crawler was built to harvest tag data from Delicious, Flickr, and YouTube in September 2007. In total, 1.8 million objects, including bookmarks, photos, and videos, 3.1 million taggers, and 12.1 million tags were collected and analyzed. Some tagging patterns and variations are identified and discussed.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.12, S.2388-2401
- Theme
- Social tagging
-
Andrew Keenan, A.; Shiri, A.: Sociability and social interaction on social networking websites (2009)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - Social websites have become a major medium for social interaction. From Facebook to MySpace to emergent sites like Twitter, social websites are increasing exponentially in user numbers and unique visits every day. How do these websites encourage sociability? What features or design practices enable users to socialize with other users? The purpose of this paper is to explore sociability on the social web and details how different social websites encourage their users to interact. Design/methodology/approach - Four social websites (Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn and Twitter) were examined from a user study perspective. After thoroughly participating on the websites, a series of observations were recorded from each experience. These experiences were then compared to understand the different approaches of each website. Findings - Social websites use a number of different approaches to encourage sociability amongst their users. Facebook promotes privacy and representing "real world" networks in web environment, while MySpace promotes publicity and representing both real world and virtual networks in a web environment. Niche websites like LinkedIn and Twitter focus on more specific aspects of community and technology, respectively. Originality/value - A comparison of different models of sociability does not yet exist. This study focuses specifically on what makes social websites "social."
-
Heldman, R.K.: ¬The telecommunications information millenium : a vision and plan for the global information society (1995)
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- LCSH
- Telecommunication / Social aspects
Information networks / Social aspects
- Subject
- Telecommunication / Social aspects
Information networks / Social aspects
-
Franklin, S.: ¬The digitally disposed : racial capitalism and the informatics of value (2021)
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- LCSH
- Information technology / Social aspects
Computers / Social aspects
Capitalism / Social aspects
Racism / Social aspects
- Subject
- Information technology / Social aspects
Computers / Social aspects
Capitalism / Social aspects
Racism / Social aspects
