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  • × theme_ss:"Information Resources Management"
  1. Jurisica, I.; Mylopoulos, J.; Yu, E.: Using ontologies for knowledge management : an information systems perspective (1999) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Knowledge management research focuses on the development of concepts, methods, and tools supporting the management of human knowledge. The main objective of this paper is to survey some of the basic concepts that have been used in computer science for the representation of knowledge and summarize some of their advantages and drawbacks. A secondary objective is to relate these techniques to information sciences theory and practice. The survey classifies the concepts used for knowledge representation into four broad ontological categories. Static ontology describes static aspects of the world, i.e., what things exist, their attributes and relationships. A dynamic ontology, on the other hand, describes the changing aspects of the world in terms of states, state transitions and processes. Intentional ontology encompasses the world of things agents believe in, want, prove or disprove, and argue about. Social ontology covers social settings, agents, positions, roles, authority, permanent organizational structures or shifting networks of alliances and interdependencies
  2. Widén-Wulff, G.: ¬The challenges of knowledge sharing in practice : a social approach (2007) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    This book looks at the key skills that are required in organizations in the information intensive society; it also examines the power of information behaviour on the construction of different kinds of shared knowledge and social identity in a group. The book introduces the different dimensions of social capital that is structural and cognitive, and looks at the relational aspects of information behaviour in organizations. This book analyses experiences with two different case studies - in the financial and biotechnology industries - in order to gain additional insights in how the internal organization environment should be designed to support the development of the organization's intellectual capital. Key Features 1. Introduces social capital dimensions to the knowledge management framework 2. Provides empirical work on the new combination of social capital and organizational information behaviour. 3. Two different information sharing practices are presented: a claims handling unit (routine based work) and a biotechnology firm (expert work) 4. Develops social capital measures into qualitative information research 5.The book illustrates the importance of social aspects in ma She has worked as a visiting researcher at Napier University, Edinburgh, 2004-05. Her teaching and research concerns information seeking, information management in business organizations, and aspects of social capital and knowledge sharing in groups and organizations. She has published several articles and papers in these areas. Readership The book is aimed at academics and students at all levels in library and information science, as well as information management and knowledge management practitioners and managers interested in managing information and knowledge effectively.Contents Part 1: Theories of Information Sharing Information sharing in context Patterns of sharing - enablers and barriers Social navigation Part II: Two Practices in Information Sharing Introducing the two cases Claims handlers Expert organisation Part III: Insights into Information, Knowledge Sharing and Social Capital Dimensions of social capital in the two cases Social capital and sharing - building structures for knowledge sharing and its management Importance of the awareness of social capital in connection with information and knowledge sharing in today's companies.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 60(2007) H.4, S.95-97 (O. Oberhauser): "Die Autorin ist Dozentin am Institut für Informationswissenschaft der Åbo Akademi University (Finnland) und vertritt zur Zeit den dort vakanten Lehrstuhl. Ihr vorliegendes Buch geht zumindest teilweise auf einen längeren Forschungsaufenthalt an der Napier University, Edinburgh, zurück, wo die informationswissenschaftlich orientierte Forschung am Centre for Social Informatics, welches zum dortigen Fachbereich Informatik zählt, angesiedelt ist. Social informatics (nicht zu verwechseln mit Sozialinformatik, einem Terminus aus dem Gebiet der Sozialen Arbeit), bezieht sich auf die disziplinübergreifende Beschäftigung mit dem Design, dem Einsatz und der Verwendung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien und ihrer Interaktion mit institutionellen und kulturellen Kontexten unter Einschluss von Institutionen/Organisationen und der Gesellschaft. Sie wird von Vertretern verschiedener Wissenschaftsdisziplinen mit unterschiedlichen Themenstellungen bzw. methodischen Ansätzen betrieben. In diesem Umfeld ist auch das vorliegende Buch beheimatet. Zwar ist "information sharing" ein Begriff, der aus der Forschung zu dem breiteren Themenbereich "information seeking and use" bzw. "(human) information behaviour" stammt, doch macht schon der erste Satz des Vorworts klar, dass hier eine thematische Festlegung auf den institutionellen Bereich und damit eine Einordnung in das Gebiet des Wissensmanagements erfolgt ist: "How can organisations correspond to the current demands of effective information and knowledge sharing?" (p. ix). Die Herausforderungen ("challenges") werden im Hinblick auf das Verständnis, die Organisation und die Verwaltung von Wissen gesehen und in technische, betriebliche, persönliche und soziale Aspekte unterteilt. Die Konzentration auf die soziale Dimension, so die Autorin, sei heute besonders wichtig für eine kohärente Beurteilung von Informationsverhalten und -austausch im Unternehmen.
    Das Buch gliedert sich in drei Teile. Im ersten Abschnitt, Theories of Information Sharing, erfolgt eine kurze Diskussion von Begriffen und Konzepten aus dem Bereich der kontextuellen Informationssuche, der Information im organisatorischen Umfeld, der Sozial- und Gruppenpsychologie, sowie vor allem die Einführung des Konzeptes "social capital" (soziales Kapital, Sozialkapital), eines aus der Soziologie stammenden theoretischen Ansatzes, als Rahmen für die Betrachtung der Informationsprozesse im Unternehmen. Hier wird Sozialkapital verstanden als die Werte, Normen und Netzwerke, die informationsbezogene Interaktionen möglich und wirksam machen und so die Basis für kollaborative Arbeit zur Verfolgung gemeinsamer Ziele schaffen (p. 30). Der zweite Teil - umfangmässig der größte des Buches - ist mit Two Practices in Information Sharing überschrieben und berichtet detailliert über Fallstudien, die die Autorin in zwei finnischen Unternehmen mittels einer kleinen Zahl qualitativer Interviews durchführte. Dabei wird eine Firma aus der Versicherungsbranche (als einer eher stabilen Branche) mit einem biotechnologischen Produktionsbetrieb (eher turbulent-expansives Umfeld) verglichen. Im dritten Teil, Insights into Information, Knowledge Sharing and Social Capital, diskutiert die Autorin die Resultate ihrer Erhebung, insbesondere im theoretischen Kontext des Sozialkapitals - so etwa die Motive für den Austausch von Informationen und Wissen. Natürlich wird Widén-Wulffs Studie vor allem jene interessieren, die sich mit dem betrieblichen Informations- und Wissensmanagement beschäftigen. Für Interessenten an "information seeking and retrieval" oder "human information behaviour" im Allgemeinen ist das Buch nur bedingt zu empfehlen, doch werden auch sie von den Hinweisen auf den überblicksartig gestreiften Forschungsstand profitieren können. Hingegen werden Rezipienten aus den klassischeren Bereichen des Bibliotheks- bzw. Informationswesens die Lektüre vermutlich als weniger leicht verdaulich empfinden. Der Ladenpreis von mehr als 55 Euro ist für einen Broschurband von knapp 230 Seiten im übrigen viel zu hoch."
  3. Information management for information services - economic challenge for the '90s : Proceedings of a Workshop for Participants from Countries in Central and Eastern Europe and Developing Countries, Berlin, 13.-19. Oct. 1991 (1992) 0.04 
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    Content
    Enthält folgende Beiträge: STROETMANN, K.: Information management for the 90's: a conceptual framework; RÜCKL, S.: Challenges in the information age; TUDOR-SILOVIC, N.: From information management to social intelligence; TEVELI, J.: Marketing and cooperation of a group of libraries; AMLINSKI, L. u. H. VOIGT: Information management in libraries - aspects and perspectives; AFRE, S.A.: Library cooperation in the Ashanti region of Ghana; AGAJA, J.A.: Regional cooperation for the improvement of information services; GRAUMANN, S.: Information services as a profit centre in a company of the service industry; FREYTAG, J.: Data privacy, freedom of information, free access to information; Goedegebuure, B.: FID - it's role, activities and objectives in international cooperation; SCHWUCHOW, W.: Fundamental questions of financing and pricing information services; LUX, C.: To charge or not to charge for library services; SMETáCEK, V.: Current issues of financing and pricing information services in CSFR
  4. Wijnhoven. F.; Wognum, P.M.; Weg, R.L.W. van de: Knowledge ontology development (1996) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Knowledge-containing documents and data about knowledge have been handled in stable environments by bureaucratic systems using very stable knowledge ontologies. These systems, though not always very effective in such environments, will become highly ineffective in environments where knowledge has to be updated and replaced frequently. Moreover, organizations in such dynamic environments also use knowledge from extemal resources extensively. This makes the development of a stable ontology for knowledge storage and retrieval particularly complicated. This paper describes eight context classes of knowledge ontology development and explores elements of a method for ontology development. These classes are based an the differences in contexts defined along three dimensions: knowledge dynamics, complexity and social dispersion. Ontology development matches these contexts and ontology needs defined by (logical and social) structure and ontology maturity. The classification framework and methodology are applied to two cases. The first case illustrates a descriptive use of our framework to characterize ontology development in an academic environment. The second case illustrates a normative use of our framework. The method proposed seemed to be empirically valid and rich and be useful for detecting options for ontology improvement.
    Source
    Knowledge management: organization competence and methodolgy. Proceedings of the Fourth International ISMICK Symposium, 21-22 October 1996, Netherlands. Ed.: J.F. Schreinemakers
  5. Behrens-Schablow, M.: Unternehmensinterne Netzwerke in der Informationsgesellschaft : Prozesse und Gestaltung der Vernetzung, Netzwerkkultur und social learning am Beispiel der Einführung von DC eLife in der DaimlerChrysler AG (2007) 0.02 
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    Content
    Inhalt: Wandel zur Informationsgesellschaft - Netzwerkorganisation in der digitalen Wirtschaft - Workforce connect (B2E) nach B2B und B2C - Routinen und Lernprozesse für die Netzwerkentstehung - Social Learning - Einführung von Mitarbeiter-Portal und elektronischen Personalprozessen in der DaimlerChrysler AG.
    Image
    Aus dem Inhalt: Wandel zur Informationsgesellschaft - Netzwerkorganisation in der digitalen Wirtschaft - Workforce connect (B2E) nach B2B und B2C - Routinen und Lernprozesse für die Netzwerkentstehung - Social Learning - Einführung von Mitarbeiter-Portal und elektronischen Personalprozessen in der DaimlerChrysler AG.
  6. Travica, B.: Information aspects of new organizational designs : exploring the non-traditional organization (1998) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The purpose of the study presented in this article aims at broadening our understanding of information and concomitant aspects of a non-bureaucratic organizational design
  7. Mason, R.O.; Mason, F.M.; Culnan, M.J.: Ethics of information management (1995) 0.02 
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    LCSH
    Information society / Moral and ethical aspects
    Subject
    Information society / Moral and ethical aspects
  8. Travica, B.: New organizational designs : information aspects (1999) 0.02 
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  9. Yuan, Y.C.; Rickard, L.N.; Xia, L.; Scherer, C.: ¬The interplay between interpersonal and electronic resources in knowledge seeking among co-located and distributed employees (2011) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    In the information age, a common problem for employees is not lack of resources but rather how to sift through multiple resources, both electronic and interpersonal, to retrieve and locate true expert knowledge. The main objective of this study is hence to explore employees' simultaneous usage of both resources and to identify situations where employees showed a clear preference of interpersonal resources over electronic ones, and where employees found these two resources (a) (ir)replaceable and (b) complementary. Both qualitative interview data and quantitative social-network data were collected from a university-affiliated community educational office. Data analysis showed that (a) social relationships were crucial for seeking and gaining actual access to needed knowledge; (b) employees were task-driven in knowledge seeking and obtained different types of knowledge depending on availability; and (c) the choice between interpersonal and electronic resources was determined by the characteristics of the knowledge sought as well as such contextual factors as time, cost, and location. Additional interviews from other study contexts validated most of our findings, except those that require collection of complete social-network data. The article ends with a discussion on how organizations can better leverage their investment in human and technical resources to facilitate knowledge seeking.
  10. Webb, S.P.: ¬The changing face of business information (1997) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Defines business information as any information needed by a company to carry out its business, and considers the demand for a wider range of such information resulting from the increasingly global nature of business activity, organisational interaction, and related economic, social and political changes. Provision by publishers of business information in paper and various electronic formats is growing together with increasing use of the Internet and Web sites by companies. This in turn emphasizes the need to open up information sources, and continue to demonstrate to top management the value of information strategies and personal networking
  11. Schlögl, C.: Informationskompetenz am Beispiel einer szientometrischen Untersuchung zum Informationsmanagement (2000) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In diesem Beitrag wird eine szientometrische Studie zum Informationsmanagement vorgestellt. Unter Verwendung von Science Citation Index und Social Science Citation Index wurde die Literatur zum Informationsmanagement nach verschiedenen Kriterien (Fachgruppen, in denen publiziert wird; Herkunft der Autoren; Publikationssprachen; zeitliche Verteilung) ausgewertet. Darüber hinaus wurde eine Zitatenanalyse durchgeführt. Auf Basis einer Autoren-Kozitationsanalyse wurde schließlich die formale Wissenschaftskommunikation im Bereich des Informationsmanagements abgebildet. Neben den Ergebnissen werden aber auch die Problembereiche aufgezeigt, die mit szientometrischen Untersuchungen verbunden sind
  12. Swartzberg, T.: Identifying and spreading expertise : The knowledge manager's brief: to disseminate a company's data and the know-how of its staff (1999) 0.01 
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    Date
    29.11.1999 12:18:22
    Source
    International Herald Tribune. 15. Nov. 1999, S.22
  13. Stock, W.G.: Informationsmangel trotz Überfluß : Informationsgesellschaft verlangt neue Berufe und Berufsbilder (1995) 0.01 
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    Source
    Insider. 1995, Nr.4, Juli, S.19-22
  14. Business information in the Intranet age (1996) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 2.1997 19:42:34
  15. Information systems and the economies of innovation (2003) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.8, S.889-890 (J. Warner): "This work is a collection of papers, reflective and theoretical, rather than primarily empirical, from scholars in information systems and economies, with discursive rather than formal modes of argument and presentation. The discipline of information systems (IS) is understood to have developed as codified knowledge about appropriate procedures for the development of customized information and communication technology (ICT) applications. The editors recognize that, with the displacement of customized applications by purchased packages, IS lost its main utility as a prescription for professional practice in the 1990s. The need for the scholarly community to establish its continuing value and to survive might be orte motivation for the increasing resort to theory. A difference in perspective between IS and economies is acknowledged: economiet take an outside-in approach to the results of innovation while IS focuses an the process of innovation. Recognition does not extend to synthesis, and a dynamic by which the process of Innovation both generates and is compelled by the resulting sociotechnical environment is not isolated. The literature of information science is not cited-other writers have noted the analogies between the subjects and disjunctions between the disciplines of IS and information science (Ellis, Allen, & Wilson, 1999)-but interdisciplinary dialogue is advocated. For information science readers, the interest of the work lies in the analogies between topics treated and the emerging theoretical reflection an them. Theory seems to have emerged primarily as a response to empirical difficulties, particularly contradictions between expectations and reality, and can reproduce the divides which motivated it. Empirical generalizations are not distinguished from the motivating forces which created the phenomena covered by those generalizations. For instance, the social constructivist perspective which argues that impact of technology is a matter of interpretation by human actors according to their social conditions, and which acknowledges the interpretive flexibility of a technology in use, is introduced, but technology is not fully recognized as a radical human construction, "organs of the human brain, created by the human hand" (Marx, 1973, p. 706; Warner, 2004), and the notion of impact is retained. The productivity paradox, understood as the weak correlation between investment in ICT and commercial success, forms a recurrent concern. A simple response might that the commercial value of a technology lies in the way it is used. More sophisticatedly the paradox could be regarded as an artifact of the apparent rigor and closeness, particularly temporal closeness, of studies and could be reinterpreted as a productivity effect, corresponding to a transition cost. The conclusion does not recall the distinction between invention, innovation, and diffusion, promised in the preface, and invention tends to be treated as if it were exogenous. The most interesting insights emerge from accounts of cited papers, particularly Ciborra's view of technology as being assimilated to the social by the device of hospitality and Orlikowski's reflections an technology.
    Could a dynamic be constructed, in dialectical response to the theorizing presented, which draws an classic sources in political economy and which links micro-processes and macro-results? For Marx, the "basic logie of the capitalist mode of production ... [was] expansion, growth, enlarged reproduction, through a substitution of living by dead labour" (Marx, 1981, p. 13). With ICTs, we are dealing primarily with semiotic rather than physical labor, but a similar substitution of machine for direct human labor can be detected. The individual actors engaged in innovation encounter considerable risks, but collectively produce advances in social productivity: The much greater costs that are always involved in an enterprise based an new inventions, compared with later establishments that rise up an its ruins, ex suis ossibus. The extent of this is so great that the pioneering entrepreneurs generally go bankrupt, and it is only their successors who flourish.. . . Thus it is generally only the most worthless and wretched kind of money-capitalists that draw the greatest profit from all new developments of the universal labour of the human spirit and their social application by combined labour. (Marx, 1981, p. 199). Acknowledging the risks of innovation reveals the resistance of small entities to innovation as more rational for their survival than the scholarly prescriptions of the value of innovation for competitive advantage. The comparative advantage derivable from innovation can itself be understood from the relation of machinery to the direct human labor it supplants: As machinery comes into general use in a particular branch of production, the social value of the machinery product sinks down to its individual value, and the following law asserts itself: surplus-value does not arise from the labour-power that has been replaced by the machinery, but from the labour-power actually employed in working with the machinery. (Marx, 1976, p. 530) The more sophisticated theoretical and historical framework can both explain and dissolve the productivity paradox. The risks of Innovation limit rewards to pioneers, but, over time, their activities raise the productivity of labor: Consider, for instance, the contrast between the amount of direct human labor and the costs of that labor involved in Che copying of documents by hand, with a subsequent oral collation, in a mid-19th century legal practice (Melville, 1997) with modern technologies for copying files. In conclusion, the interest of the collection to information science lies in the further revelation of analogous concerns in another discipline, in the internal realization of the theoretical poverty of that discipline, and even, at points, that the control over processes of innovation offered by standard approaches was illusory, and in the emergence, not yet in fully articulated form, of a more sophisticated perspective."
  16. Oppenheim, C.: Managers' use and handling of information (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Reviews 3 pieces of research funded by Reuters, 1994-96, that surveyed the understanding of, and use of information by managers. Whilst managers are well aware of the importance of information, they do not feel in control of their use of it. They are not given all the information they need but at the same time are overwhelmed by too much information. They recognise information as important, but do not know how to value it. They think their organization has information policies, but are rarely aware of what the policies are. They find that their personal and social life can be damaged by the problems of too much information. Librarians and information managers seem not be considered as a solution to these problems. There is a clear market niche for information managers to exploit
  17. Cloete, M.; Snyman, R.: ¬The enterprise portal - is it knowledge management? (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Currently we are in the middle of the information age, suffering from information overload on the one hand and a lack of knowledge on the other. Enterprise portals (EPs) are seen as the antidote to these problems by becoming more and more the ultimate knowledge management (KM) tool. The current hype about EPs is focused on their application as KM tools. Very little attention is given to other aspects of KM, namely the organisational, human and cultural aspects. The article will provide an overview of the technical and strategic relationship between EPs and KM and illustrate that EPs are only the technology component and should not be mistaken for the essence of KM. What is needed for successful KM in an organisation is not technology alone, but also a knowledge-sharing culture, knowledge-sharing policies, organisational processes, performance measurement and business strategies.
  18. Information systems outsourcing in theory and practice (1995) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 7.1996 10:51:56
  19. Mentzas, G.: ¬A functional taxonomy of computer-based information systems (1994) 0.01 
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    Date
    8. 3.1997 13:34:22
  20. Kmuche, W.: Strategischer Erfolgsfaktor Wissen : Content Management: der Weg zum erfolgreichen Informationsmanagement (2000) 0.01 
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    Date
    19. 7.2002 22:05:14

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