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  • × classification_ss:"02.13 Wissenschaftspraxis"
  1. Andretta, S.: Information literacy : a practitioner's guide (2004) 0.10
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    Abstract
    This book explores two main models of Information Literacy or IL: the SCONUL (Society of College, National and University Libraries) Seven Pillars of Information Skills and the IL competencies identified by the ALA (American Library Association). Practical examples for the development of IL skills identified by these models are illustrated using printed and web-based resources. The process of integrating IL provision within a programme of study is outlined to illustrate two strategies underpinning this integration at generic-skills level, the 'plug & play' approach, and at subject-specific level, the 'research skills approach'. A range of diagnostic and assessment methods, to monitor the iterative process of IL skills development, are also included.
    Content
    Key Features - Explores practical applications of two major IL models - Explores strategies to integrate IL provision in a multi-disciplinary environment - Offers a range of learning and evaluation strategies appropriate for, as well as resources associated with, IL provision - Provides a gateway to generic and subject specific IL resources by complementing the publication with web-based access to an online collection relevant to Information Research and a range of web-based tutorials (existing and customised) to develop IL skills for online environments Readership Information practitioners operating in teaching as well as library support roles who are interested, or required, to develop IL. Academics in management positions responsible for the implementation of learning and teaching strategies. Contents Introduction From user education to IL: national and international perspectives - technological advancements and access to information; changes in higher education institutions: the student-centred learning approach; information practitioner as facilitator ('Sage an the stage vs. Guide an the side') IL models - SCONUUs Seven Pillars of Information Skills principles of progressions and iteration; ALA/ALRC: information competency standards for higher education (principle of self-directed learning); comparative analysis of the two models Practical applications of IL - provision through the level of competence: the plug & play approach (assessing IL skills); provision through integration by subject: the research skills approach; IL and pedagogy (studentcentred learning; transferability of skills) Challenges - IL and the 'what do I do now?' Syndrome; design and resource implications of IL provision
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Mitteilungen VOEB 59(2006) H.4, S.74-76 (M. Katzmayr): "Information Literacy (IL) bzw. Informationskompetenz ist in aller Munde, wird sie doch als Schlüsselqualifikation angesehen, um an der so genannten Informationsgesellschaft teilzuhaben. Susie Andretta, Dozentin für Informationsmanagement an der London Metropolitan University, hat nun einen praxisorientierten Leitfaden zur IL vorgelegt, worin zwei Aspekte im Vordergrund stehen: einerseits die Vermittlung der IL in der universitären Lehre, womit andererseits auch ein erfolgreiches lebenslanges Lernen nach Verlassen der Universität ermöglicht werden soll. Das Buch beginnt mit einer theoretischen Einführung. Dort ist zu lesen, dass sich die Vermittlung von IL aus Kursen zur Bibliotheksbenutzung entwickelt habe - doch während letztere traditionell den effektiven Umgang mit Bibliotheksressourcen vermitteln und somit auf die Bibliothek beschränkt seien, beinhalte IL auch Herangehensweisen zur Lösung komplexer Problemstellungen. Drei prominente IL-Konzeptionen folgender Organisationen werden anschließend ausführlicher vorgestellt und verglichen: die der US-amerikanischen "Association of Colleges and Research Libraries" (ACRL), des "Australian and New Zealand Institute for information Literacy" (ANZIIL) und der britischen "Society of College, National and University Libraries" (SCONUL). In allen drei besteht IL zumindest aus dem Wahrnehmen eines Informationsbedarfes, Methoden zum Erhalt dieser Information und schließlich ihrer Bewertung, um die Fragen zu beantworten, die zum Informationsbedarf geführt haben. Alle drei gehen über die rein technologische Kompetenz (IT-Kompetenz) hinaus und umfassen u. a. Medien-, Bibliotheks-, und Recherchekompetenzen, um nur einige zu nennen. Allerdings gehen zwei dieser Konzeptionen noch wesentlich weiter - so fordert die ANZIIL von einer informationskompetenten Person u.a. folgende Fähigkeit: "the information-literate person applies prior and new information to construct new concepts or create new understandings" (S. 157), der Lernzielkatalog der SCONUL beinhaltet: "The ability to synthesise and build upon existing information, contributing to the creation of new knowledge" (S. 162).
    Was hier auffällt, ist der äußerst weit reichende inhaltliche Anspruch dieser Sichtweise von IL. Inwieweit dadurch eine Abgrenzung zum Themenund Lehrgebiet des "wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens" bzw. zu den Charakteristika umfassender Bildung überhaupt noch sinnvoll möglich ist, wird von der Autorin leider nicht behandelt. Interessant ist der Stellenwert der Bibliotheken in der Lehre der IL: In allen drei Konzeptionen wird eine Kooperation zwischen Bibliothek und Wissenschaftsbetrieb empfohlen, ja erfolge die Vermittlung von IL idealiter im jeweiligen Fachstudium durch die problemlösungsorientierte Bearbeitung spezifischer Fragestellungen. So gesehen könne also nicht von einem Monopol der Bibliotheken ausgegangen werden, ihre Rolle sei vielmehr mit dem Motto "information literacy is an issue for the library but not of the library" (S. 53) angemessen umschrieben. In Großbritannien gehe dabei die Initiative meist von den Bibliotheken aus, in den USA und Australien eher vom Wissenschaftsbetrieb. In beiden Fällen funktioniere diese Partnerschaft aber nicht immer reibungslos. Die Beweggründe von Bibliotheken, sich hierzu engagieren, werden von der Autorin jedoch keiner tiefer gehenden Analyse unterzogen. Dies wurde vielleicht nicht völlig unbeabsichtigt unterlassen, da daran nämlich eine - im vorliegenden Werk ausgeblendete - grundsätzliche und weit verbreitete Kritik an der IL anknüpfen könnte. Ein Blick in die relevante Literatur zeigt nämlich, dass Bibliothekarinnen nicht nur hehre Motive zugeschrieben werden, wenn sie sich am IL-Hype beteiligen bzw. ihn vorantreiben. Neben Erfahrungen mit der dürftigen Informationskompetenz vieler Studierender werden ihnen auch ganz andere, pragmatischere Beweggründe zugedacht'. Ein Beispiel: Die zunehmende institutionelle Marginalisierung von Bibliotheken und ihren Mitarbeiterinnen im Universitätsbetrieb mag eine kreative Vorwärtsverteidigung unter dem Deckmantel der IL als zweckmäßig erscheinen lassen' - überspitzt formuliert: IL als Konstrukt oder zumindest willkommene Gelegenheit, um den Bibliotheken auch weiterhin eine zentrale Rolle an den Universitäten zu sichern. Zum Glück gelingt es Andretta, anhand der relevanten Literatur und eigener Erfahrungen als Dozentin plausibel zu argumentieren, dass der Mangel vieler Studierender an Informationskompetenz tatsächlich eklatant und somit ein Handlungsbedarf gegeben ist. Welche Motive die Bibliotheken hier sonst noch haben mögen, kann so gesehen ruhig im Dunkeln bleiben.
    LCSH
    Information literacy / Examinations / Study guides
    Information science / Examinations / Study guides
    Subject
    Information literacy / Examinations / Study guides
    Information science / Examinations / Study guides
  2. Kling, R.; Rosenbaum, H.; Sawyer, S.: Understanding and communicating social informatics : a framework for studying and teaching the human contexts of information and communication technologies (2005) 0.03
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    Classification
    303.48/33 22
    DDC
    303.48/33 22
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.1, S.151-152 (R. Gazan): "Anyone who has ever struggled to describe social informatics to a skeptical colleague or a room full of students will appreciate this clear and well-organized introduction to the field. It is at once a literature review, a teaching guide, and an outreach manifesto for integrating the social aspects of information and communication technologies (ICTs) into system design, analysis, and research. The context of this book is of particular importance. Rob Kling founded social informatics as a research field, and led the creation of the Center for Social Informatics at Indiana University. Kling pinpoints 1996 as the year when his long-simmering ideas coalesced into social informatics, though in the Foreword, William H. Dutton argues that the birth date of the field was actually more than a decade earlier. Kling, Howard Rosenbaum, and Steve Sawyer worked on this book intermittently for years, but upon Kling's death in May 2003, Rosenbaum and Sawyer completed the work. Under the circumstances, the book could easily have become a festschrift or celebration of Kling's career, but the authors maintain tight focus on the findings and applicability of social informatics research throughout. While much of Kling's work is cited, and very little of it critiqued, overall there is a good balance and synthesis of diverse approaches to social informatics research. Creating a conceptual critical mass around an idea like social informatics is only the first phase in its evolution. The initial working definition of social informatics-"the interdisciplinary study of the design, uses and consequences of ICTs that takes into account their interaction with institutional and cultural contexts" (p. 6)-was developed at a seminal 1997 workshop, and background information about the workshop's participants and process is summarized in two brief appendices. The results of this workshop yielded a raft of empirical studies, and at this point in the development of social informatics, the authors' focus on applying and extending the results of these initial studies is particularly well-timed. The authors identify a disconnect between popular, professional, and scholarly discourse on how ICTs coevolve with organizations, institutions, and society, and they aim to bridge this gap by providing a "pointer to the practical value of the scholarship on organizational and societal effects of computerization" (p. 3).
    In the authors' view, the primary means to more widespread acceptance of social informatics is to integrate it with the more traditionally technical curricula of ICT oriented students in computer science and related fields, and this is the focus of Chapter 5. Here the book delivers on its promise of providing a clear framework for both understanding and teaching social informatics. The goal is not simply to learn how to build systems, but to learn how to build systems that account for the context in which they are used. The authors prescribe field experience problem-driven learning techniques embedded in the needs of particular organizations, and a critical, reflexive orientation toward ICT design and construction. In a chapter endnote, the authors mention that a socia informatics perspective would also be useful to students in other fields such as communication and education, but that space limitations required a focus on computer science. Though an understandable choice, if the goal is to convince those outside the field of the value of a social informatics perspective, it would seem natural to include management or economics curricula as fertile ground to analyze some of the tangible effects of a failure to account for the social context of system implementations. Chapter 6 is something of an outreach manifesto, a treatise on communicating social informatics research to professional and research communities, and an explicit call for social informatics researchers "to shoulder the responsibility for communicating the core of social informatics . . . to ICT professionals and other research communities" (pp. 106-107). The authors are not shy about framing social informatics less as a research field and more as an up-and-coming competitor in the marketplace of ICT-oriented ideas; achieving more widespread acceptance of social informatics is presented almost as a sales and marketing challenge, the goal being "getting to yes" in the minds of ICT professionals. It is an effective presentation strategy, but one that comes with a cost.