Search (11 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

1. Introduction Theoretical context independent explanations of classification could enhance the universality of classification research and make knowledge about classification available to settings other than traditional libraries. There is a tremendous need for constructing classificatory structures in a range of settings many of which are far removed from the environment in which classification theory and research has been practiced in the last century and a half. The construction of classificatory structures an the Internet, intranets, and in knowledge management systems has received some attention lately. The question examined here is whether it is possible to create a single theory of classification that applies to the range of contexts in which classificatory structures are applied. The object of this paper is to question the assumption that bibliographic classification theory can resemble scientific theories. It is argued that the context of any classification influences the use and understanding of the classification to such a degree that the classification cannot be understood separate from its context. Furthermore, the development from being a novice classifier or classificationist to becoming an expert is explored. lt is assumed scientific theories must relate as much to the activity of novices as to the activity of experts and that scientific theories explain both what it is that novices do and what experts do. It is argued that expertise is achieved not through a correct application of a classification theory but through experiences and adjustment to a particular context and that the activities of novices are quite distinct from the activities of experts in that experts draws an the context of the situation and that novices do not. 2. Theory of Classification Langridge (1976) provides an account of the principles of constructing knowledge organization systems and the theoretical underpinnings of different approaches. He identifies four principles that have guided construction of knowledge organization systems: 1) ideological, 2) social purpose, 3) scientific, and 4) the disciplines. The ideological principle organizes knowledge according to an ideology that the knowledge organization system serves. Langridge gives the examples of "the Christian schemes of the Middle Ages and the Soviet scheme which substitutes for the Bible and Christianity the works of Marx and Lenin and the 'religion' of communism" (Langridge, 1976, p. 4-5).

Source

Challenges in knowledge representation and organization for the 21st century: Integration of knowledge across boundaries. Proceedings of the 7th ISKO International Conference Granada, Spain, July 10-13, 2002. Ed.: M. López-Huertas

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Abstract

While the organization and representation of information and knowledge have historically been done by professionals, the rise of social media has spread the notion that this can be done more collaboratively. A more collaborative approach would entail a change in the role of professionals and in the goals and values of the systems. This paper explores the notion of authority and the role of professionals in a changing environment where more people participate in the organization and representation of information and knowledge. The paper questions the traditional role of the professionals and argues that systems must be designed to facilitate trust and authority, and that the authority of folksonomies and systems comes from the users' collective interpretations and meaning production.

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Abstract

This paper explains at least some of the major problems related to the subject indexing process and proposes a new approach to understanding the process, which is ordinarily described as a process that takes a number of steps. The subject is first determined, then it is described in a few sentences and, lastly, the description of the subject is converted into the indexing language. It is argued that this typical approach characteristically lacks an understanding of what the central nature of the process is. Indexing is not a neutral and objective representation of a document's subject matter but the representation of an interpretation of a document for future use. Semiotics is offered here as a framework for understanding the "interpretative" nature of the subject indexing process. By placing this process within Peirce's semiotic framework of ideas and terminology, a more detailed description of the process is offered which shows that the uncertainty generally associated with this process is created by the fact that the indexer goes through a number of steps and creates the subject matter of the document during this process. The creation of the subject matter is based on the indexer's social and cultural context. The paper offers an explanation of what occurs in the indexing process and suggests that there is only little certainty to its result.

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the modernity of current classification theory and work, and outline a foundation for moving classification toward a late-modern conception. Design/methodology/approach - The paper examines the conceptual foundation for current modern classification work, provides critical analysis of that approach, and outlines three conflicts with modernity that shape the path out of the consequences of modernity. Findings - The paper presents an understanding of classification that establishes classification on a late-modern epistemology, and it lays the contours of how to reclaim the intellectual core of classification theory and work. Originality/value - The paper establishes a foundation for rethinking classification work, outlines consequences of current mainstream work, and provides concept for developing late-modern classification theory and practice.

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to establish pluralism as the basis for bibliographic classification theory and practice and examine the possibility of establishing trustworthy classifications. Design/methodology/approach - The paper examines several key notions in classification and extends previous frameworks by combining an explanation-based approach to classification with the concepts of cognitive authority and trust. Findings - The paper presents an understanding of classification that allows designers and editors to establish trust through the principle of transparency. It demonstrates that modern classification theory and practice are tied to users' activities and domains of knowledge and that trustworthy classification systems are in close dialogue with users to handle bias responsible and establish trust. Originality/value - The paper establishes a foundation for exploring trust and authority for classification systems.

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Abstract

This paper explores the ethics of classification. The paper outlines recent conceptual moves in knowledge organization research and shows that contemporary classification theory is based on a pragmatic understanding of the world. It suggests that unjust statements and assumptions about the world challenge contemporary library classifications and that a proper response is needed. It outlines a framework for the development of ethical classifications based on MacIntyre's practice-based ethical theory. It provides a framework within which editors and managers of library classifications can make ethically sound decisions.

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Abstract

Describes central elements of semiotics, a theory which discusses problems of interest to library and information science. Introduces 2 of Peirce's central elements, abduction and faneroscopy, while describing his philosophical development's 4 phases. Uses his concept's unlimited semiosis and sign tricotomies to analyse the subject indexing process, and places documents and indexing terms in Peirce's 10 sign classes, thus showing the extent of subjective evaluation in human indexing

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Abstract

This paper argues that traditional theories of classification is based in the modem belief in dualism, and that this belief has led to the use of the concept of universe of knowledge as its main component. In this view knowledge organizations are seen as objective and neutral descriptions of an already there universe of knowledge. The tools provided for this task is mainly drawn from logic and are intended to be used independently of the domain for which the knowledge organization is created. The object is to mirror reality as closely as possible. However, the idea of objectivity and neutrality falls with the rise of the postmodern thought. In a postmodern view of the world facts, truth and knowledge is regarded as fabricated and constructed in particular discourse communities. A postmodern theory of knowledge organization therefore regards knowledge organizations as active constructions of a perceived conception of the particular discourse communities in the company, organization or knowledge fields for which the knowledge organization is intended. Therefore the rules, guidelines and standards for knowledge organization becomes of little interest - what becomes much more important is the interpretative processes in knowledge organization and the cultural and social context of which the knowledge organization is a part

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Date

23. 3.2013 12:29:16

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Source

Knowledge organization. 35(2008) no.1, S.16-29