-
Malsburg, C. von der: ¬The correlation theory of brain function (1981)
0.20
0.19647324 = product of:
0.29470986 = sum of:
0.058215484 = product of:
0.17464645 = sum of:
0.17464645 = weight(_text_:3a in 76) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.17464645 = score(doc=76,freq=2.0), product of:
0.37289858 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.46834838 = fieldWeight in 76, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=76)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.007487943 = weight(_text_:information in 76) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007487943 = score(doc=76,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.09697737 = fieldWeight in 76, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=76)
0.054359984 = weight(_text_:networks in 76) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.054359984 = score(doc=76,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.26129362 = fieldWeight in 76, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=76)
0.17464645 = weight(_text_:2f in 76) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.17464645 = score(doc=76,freq=2.0), product of:
0.37289858 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.46834838 = fieldWeight in 76, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=76)
0.6666667 = coord(4/6)
- Abstract
- A summary of brain theory is given so far as it is contained within the framework of Localization Theory. Difficulties of this "conventional theory" are traced back to a specific deficiency: there is no way to express relations between active cells (as for instance their representing parts of the same object). A new theory is proposed to cure this deficiency. It introduces a new kind of dynamical control, termed synaptic modulation, according to which synapses switch between a conducting and a non- conducting state. The dynamics of this variable is controlled on a fast time scale by correlations in the temporal fine structure of cellular signals. Furthermore, conventional synaptic plasticity is replaced by a refined version. Synaptic modulation and plasticity form the basis for short-term and long-term memory, respectively. Signal correlations, shaped by the variable network, express structure and relationships within objects. In particular, the figure-ground problem may be solved in this way. Synaptic modulation introduces exibility into cerebral networks which is necessary to solve the invariance problem. Since momentarily useless connections are deactivated, interference between di erent memory traces can be reduced, and memory capacity increased, in comparison with conventional associative memory
- Source
- http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_
- Theme
- Information
-
Harriman, R.B.: Coordination of cataloging practices in the United States newspaper program (1986)
0.12
0.122251004 = product of:
0.24450201 = sum of:
0.0089855315 = weight(_text_:information in 368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0089855315 = score(doc=368,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.116372846 = fieldWeight in 368, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=368)
0.15894864 = weight(_text_:united in 368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.15894864 = score(doc=368,freq=6.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.6441522 = fieldWeight in 368, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=368)
0.07656782 = product of:
0.15313564 = sum of:
0.15313564 = weight(_text_:states in 368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.15313564 = score(doc=368,freq=6.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.63226366 = fieldWeight in 368, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=368)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(3/6)
- Abstract
- The bibliographic component of the United States Newspaper Program comprises cooperative efforts to locate and catalog the more than 300,000 newspapers published in the U.S. and its territories since colonial times, and to enter bibliographic and holdings information about those titles into the CONSER data base. The attempt to gain bibliographic control over existing newspaper collections, as well as the attempt to gather and organize previously uncollected materials, has required procedural adaptations determined by a unique set of working conditions. The scale of the program has required specificity of goals and objectives, satisfying standards for inclusion of records in the national serials data base while maintaining reasonable economies. This paper outlines some of the mechanisms put in place to achieve that balance.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as The United States Newspaper Program: Cataloging Aspects
-
Studwell, W.E.: Library of Congress Subject Heading period subdivisions for the history of the individual states of the United States : some proposed additions (1987)
0.11
0.109662354 = product of:
0.32898706 = sum of:
0.17304136 = weight(_text_:united in 401) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.17304136 = score(doc=401,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.7012641 = fieldWeight in 401, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=401)
0.1559457 = product of:
0.3118914 = sum of:
0.3118914 = weight(_text_:states in 401) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.3118914 = score(doc=401,freq=14.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
1.2877316 = fieldWeight in 401, product of:
3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
14.0 = termFreq=14.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=401)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Abstract
- History period subdivisions established by the Library of Congress (LC) for the individual states of the United States are surprisingly inadequate. Only seven states have subdivisions which cover all periods. Fifteen states need updating to cover the twentieth century. Twenty-eight states are deficient in other ways, including thirteen which have no period subdivisions at all or subdivisions only for wars and other special events. Proposals are made to remedy the deficiencies.
-
Matthews, J.R.; Lawrence, G.S.; Ferguson, D.K.: Using online catalogs : a nationwide survey, a report of a study sponsored by the Council on Library Resources (1983)
0.11
0.10575872 = product of:
0.31727615 = sum of:
0.21412776 = weight(_text_:united in 4168) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.21412776 = score(doc=4168,freq=8.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.86777 = fieldWeight in 4168, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4168)
0.10314838 = product of:
0.20629676 = sum of:
0.20629676 = weight(_text_:states in 4168) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.20629676 = score(doc=4168,freq=8.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.85175437 = fieldWeight in 4168, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4168)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- LCSH
- Libraries / United States / Automation
Library surveys / United States
- Subject
- Libraries / United States / Automation
Library surveys / United States
-
Bland, R.N.: ¬The concept of intellectual level in cataloging and classification (1983)
0.10
0.099121965 = product of:
0.19824393 = sum of:
0.016943282 = weight(_text_:information in 321) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.016943282 = score(doc=321,freq=4.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.21943474 = fieldWeight in 321, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=321)
0.122358724 = weight(_text_:united in 321) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.122358724 = score(doc=321,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.4958686 = fieldWeight in 321, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=321)
0.05894193 = product of:
0.11788386 = sum of:
0.11788386 = weight(_text_:states in 321) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11788386 = score(doc=321,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.48671678 = fieldWeight in 321, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=321)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(3/6)
- Abstract
- This paper traces the history of the concept of intellectual level in cataloging and classification in the United States. Past cataloging codes, subject-heading practice, and classification systems have provided library users with little systematic information concerning the intellectual level or intended audience of works. Reasons for this omission are discussed, and arguments are developed to show that this kind of information would be a useful addition to the catalog record of the present and the future.
-
Chan, L.M.: Instructional materials used in teaching cataloging and classification (1987)
0.10
0.09664068 = product of:
0.19328137 = sum of:
0.011980709 = weight(_text_:information in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011980709 = score(doc=393,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.1551638 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
0.122358724 = weight(_text_:united in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.122358724 = score(doc=393,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.4958686 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
0.05894193 = product of:
0.11788386 = sum of:
0.11788386 = weight(_text_:states in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11788386 = score(doc=393,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.48671678 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(3/6)
- Abstract
- An informal survey was conducted for the purpose of identifying instructional materials used in teaching cataloging and classification in library and information science programs in the United States and Canada. Based on responses from instructors in these areas, three groups of instructional materials were identified: cataloging and classification tools, textbooks, and background and supplementary reading materials.
-
Komorous, H.: International aspects of bibliographic control of newspapers (1988)
0.09
0.086731724 = product of:
0.17346345 = sum of:
0.014825371 = weight(_text_:information in 405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.014825371 = score(doc=405,freq=4.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.1920054 = fieldWeight in 405, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=405)
0.10706388 = weight(_text_:united in 405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10706388 = score(doc=405,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.433885 = fieldWeight in 405, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=405)
0.05157419 = product of:
0.10314838 = sum of:
0.10314838 = weight(_text_:states in 405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10314838 = score(doc=405,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.42587718 = fieldWeight in 405, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=405)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(3/6)
- Abstract
- In the past decade the value of newspapers as a source of information on the history of a nation has been recognized on both the national and international levels. Numerous national programs for the preservation of and access to newspaper collections were launched. The bibliographic component represents the most important task in each of these programs. The process of the formulation of national standards and policies for the bibliographic and holdings description of newspapers is discussed. The United States Newspaper Program and the Decentralized Program for Canadian Newspapers are given as examples. At the international level, the draft guidelines for the bibliographic description of newspapers prepared by the IFLA Working Group on Newspapers are analyzed. The importance of cooperation and exchange of information between the national and international projects involving newspapers is emphasized.
-
Cannon, H.: ¬The national endowment for the humanities and the United States newspaper program (1986)
0.09
0.08546595 = product of:
0.25639784 = sum of:
0.17304136 = weight(_text_:united in 355) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.17304136 = score(doc=355,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.7012641 = fieldWeight in 355, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=355)
0.08335648 = product of:
0.16671295 = sum of:
0.16671295 = weight(_text_:states in 355) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.16671295 = score(doc=355,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.6883215 = fieldWeight in 355, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=355)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as The United States Newspaper Program: Cataloging Aspects
-
Graham, C.: Rethinking national policy for cataloging microform reproductions (1986)
0.09
0.08546595 = product of:
0.25639784 = sum of:
0.17304136 = weight(_text_:united in 371) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.17304136 = score(doc=371,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.7012641 = fieldWeight in 371, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=371)
0.08335648 = product of:
0.16671295 = sum of:
0.16671295 = weight(_text_:states in 371) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.16671295 = score(doc=371,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.6883215 = fieldWeight in 371, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=371)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Abstract
- Current national cataloging policy requires the creation of unique cataloging records for an original publication and each of its microfilm reproductions. Such redundant entries are difficult to decipher and expensive to produce and maintain. The case of serial publications is most urgent, especially due to the proliferation of preservation microfilming efforts and union list projects. The master record concept used in the United States Newspaper Project offers a viable alternative method. Librarians should lobby to have the single record approach adopted as national policy.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as The United States Newspaper Program: Cataloging Aspects
-
Leibowitz, F.; Sorensen, C.: Perspectives on the Pennsylvania newspaper project at the University of Pittsburgh (1986)
0.08
0.084560595 = product of:
0.16912119 = sum of:
0.010483121 = weight(_text_:information in 370) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010483121 = score(doc=370,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.13576832 = fieldWeight in 370, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=370)
0.10706388 = weight(_text_:united in 370) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10706388 = score(doc=370,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.433885 = fieldWeight in 370, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=370)
0.05157419 = product of:
0.10314838 = sum of:
0.10314838 = weight(_text_:states in 370) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10314838 = score(doc=370,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.42587718 = fieldWeight in 370, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=370)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(3/6)
- Abstract
- The bibliographic phase of the Pennsylvania Newspaper Project (PaNP) is described in terms of organization and procedures. During the first year of the PaNP, cataloging at five sites distributed geographically throughout Pennsylvania was implemented. Overall project direction is provided at the State Library of Pennsylvania and CONSER authentication for Pennsylvania newspaper cataloging is performed at the University of Pittsburgh (Pitt). The article emphasizes activities at the University of Pittsburgh and documents procedures and recommendations by the staff at Pitt. Unique complexities of cataloging newspapers and recording holdings information are examined. An innovative system of profiling has been developed to allow for the inclusion, into OCLC, of the holdings of small repositories and private individuals.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as The United States Newspaper Program: Cataloging Aspects
-
Levinson, R.W.: Information and referral networks : doorways to human services (1988)
0.08
0.082463905 = product of:
0.2473917 = sum of:
0.029951772 = weight(_text_:information in 582) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.029951772 = score(doc=582,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.38790947 = fieldWeight in 582, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=582)
0.21743993 = weight(_text_:networks in 582) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.21743993 = score(doc=582,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
1.0451745 = fieldWeight in 582, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=582)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
-
Weinberg, B.H.; Dombeck, L.: Education and training in indexing and abstracting : a directory of courses and workshops offered in the United States and Canada, with a bibliography of textbooks used in indexing and abstracting services (1985)
0.08
0.07554194 = product of:
0.22662582 = sum of:
0.1529484 = weight(_text_:united in 1454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.1529484 = score(doc=1454,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.61983573 = fieldWeight in 1454, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1454)
0.07367742 = product of:
0.14735484 = sum of:
0.14735484 = weight(_text_:states in 1454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14735484 = score(doc=1454,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.608396 = fieldWeight in 1454, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1454)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
-
Holley, R.P.: Classification in the USA (1986)
0.07
0.0747827 = product of:
0.2243481 = sum of:
0.15141119 = weight(_text_:united in 1524) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.15141119 = score(doc=1524,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.6136061 = fieldWeight in 1524, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1524)
0.072936915 = product of:
0.14587383 = sum of:
0.14587383 = weight(_text_:states in 1524) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14587383 = score(doc=1524,freq=4.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.6022813 = fieldWeight in 1524, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1524)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Abstract
- United States libraries use classification to provide subject browsing in open stacks. The DDC used by 85% of American libraries, is a theoretical, universal attempt to organize all knowledge. The LCC lacks intellectual consistency since it was based upon library warrant to organize materials in one collection. Many academic libraries use LCC because the Library of Congress' shared bibliographic records with the LCC call numbers reflect the collecting interests of academic libraries. LCC is more hospitable to change than DDC whoese phoenix schedules have encountered resistance throughout the world. Classification currently receives less attention than subject headings since United States librarians place great hope in the computer to resolve subject heading problems while remaining conservative about classification
-
Danky, J.P.: Newspapers and their readers : the United States newspaper program's list of intended audience terms (1986)
0.07
0.069663346 = product of:
0.20899004 = sum of:
0.13680121 = weight(_text_:united in 372) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.13680121 = score(doc=372,freq=10.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.55439794 = fieldWeight in 372, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=372)
0.072188824 = product of:
0.14437765 = sum of:
0.14437765 = weight(_text_:states in 372) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14437765 = score(doc=372,freq=12.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.59610385 = fieldWeight in 372, product of:
3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
12.0 = termFreq=12.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=372)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Abstract
- The publication by OCLC of the United States Newspaper Program National Union List in June, 1985 is an important milestone for librarians in general as well as for participants in the Program and OCLC. The United States Newspapers Program (USNP) is a cooperative venture of the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress and will eventually involve libraries in all 50 states and territories. The Program seeks to create an online data base with bibliographic records and holdings statements for all newspapers held in U.S. libraries regardless of their place of publication. To begin with U.S. newspapers are the focus. As the largest union list product produced by OCLC, this nearly 6,000page set is impressive. However, bulk is not the most important characteristic. By providing access to bibliographic records contributed by many libraries around the nation in new ways, OCLC has responded to patron and librarian demands. The chronological, intended audience (subject), language, and place of publication (geographical) indexes represent the most important advances in access to newspapers in decades. As a prototype, this product holds much promise for the profession, especially in terms of subject access, or intended audience here. This article analyzes the Intended-Audience Index in the first edition, looking at the use of approved and improper terms, describing the origins of the list of terms, and projecting the shape of the data base over the life of the United States Newspaper Program. Like CONSER, of which the USNP is a part, this project is an example of cooperation between many institutions including the Library of Congress, OCLC, and libraries in every state and territory. The article describes one instance of this cooperation in practice.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as The United States Newspaper Program: Cataloging Aspects
-
Cohen, P.R.; Kjeldsen, R.: Information retrieval by constrained spreading activation in semantic networks (1987)
0.07
0.06927951 = product of:
0.20783852 = sum of:
0.033886563 = weight(_text_:information in 1095) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.033886563 = score(doc=1095,freq=4.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.43886948 = fieldWeight in 1095, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=1095)
0.17395195 = weight(_text_:networks in 1095) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.17395195 = score(doc=1095,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.8361396 = fieldWeight in 1095, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=1095)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 23(1987), S.255- 268
-
Harrell, G.: ¬The classification and organization of adult fiction in larger American public libraries (1985)
0.06
0.06043355 = product of:
0.18130066 = sum of:
0.122358724 = weight(_text_:united in 5829) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.122358724 = score(doc=5829,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.4958686 = fieldWeight in 5829, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5829)
0.05894193 = product of:
0.11788386 = sum of:
0.11788386 = weight(_text_:states in 5829) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11788386 = score(doc=5829,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.48671678 = fieldWeight in 5829, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5829)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Abstract
- Because classification of fiction has posed a dilemma for librarians for many years, the author conducted a survey of the classification practices of larger llibrary systems in the United States. The majority of libraries physically separate adult fiction from adult nonfiction. A large percentage of libraries use genre categorization to arrange a part of their fiction collection. The author concludes: "We now know what we are doing, but are we sure of the whys?"
-
Milstead, J.L.: Indexing for subject cataloguers (1983)
0.06
0.06043355 = product of:
0.18130066 = sum of:
0.122358724 = weight(_text_:united in 313) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.122358724 = score(doc=313,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.4958686 = fieldWeight in 313, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=313)
0.05894193 = product of:
0.11788386 = sum of:
0.11788386 = weight(_text_:states in 313) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11788386 = score(doc=313,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.48671678 = fieldWeight in 313, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=313)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Abstract
- Indexing and cataloguing are conceptually the same activity, even though they differ in practice in the United States today. The purpose of this paper is to provide subject cataloguers with some insights from the state of the art of indexing. Catalogues and indexes differ in practice primarily in that the former are expected to be all things to all people, while the latter can be specialized to meet specific needs. Indexes typically analyze smaller items, thus providing deeper access; they are more flexible, especially in vocabulary and in file permanence, and they have better exploited the capabilities of the computer.
-
Cole, J.E.: ¬The Newspaper Cataloging Manual and AACR2 (1986)
0.06
0.06043355 = product of:
0.18130066 = sum of:
0.122358724 = weight(_text_:united in 356) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.122358724 = score(doc=356,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24675635 = queryWeight, product of:
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.4958686 = fieldWeight in 356, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.6101127 = idf(docFreq=439, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=356)
0.05894193 = product of:
0.11788386 = sum of:
0.11788386 = weight(_text_:states in 356) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11788386 = score(doc=356,freq=2.0), product of:
0.24220218 = queryWeight, product of:
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.48671678 = fieldWeight in 356, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.506572 = idf(docFreq=487, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=356)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as The United States Newspaper Program: Cataloging Aspects
-
Goodwin, B.: ¬A problem of the horizon : the proliferation of user interfaces for CD-ROM databases (1989)
0.06
0.057724737 = product of:
0.1731742 = sum of:
0.020966241 = weight(_text_:information in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.020966241 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
0.15220796 = weight(_text_:networks in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.15220796 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.73162216 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Source
- Resource sharing and information networks. 4(1989) no.2, S.27-30
-
Buckland, M.K.; Lynch, C.A.: ¬The linked systems protocol and the future of bibliographic networks and systems (1987)
0.06
0.057724737 = product of:
0.1731742 = sum of:
0.020966241 = weight(_text_:information in 7710) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.020966241 = score(doc=7710,freq=2.0), product of:
0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 7710, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=7710)
0.15220796 = weight(_text_:networks in 7710) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.15220796 = score(doc=7710,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.043984205 = queryNorm
0.73162216 = fieldWeight in 7710, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=7710)
0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
- Source
- Information technology and libraries. 6(1987) no.2, S.83-88
