Search (5 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Theory formation is regarded as a process of domain-internal knowledge organization. Misunderstandings about the concept 'theory' are explained. A theory is considered as a systematical representation of a domain realized by three closely related theory-forming actions: establishment of a suitable system of basic concepts, ordering of the experience or given experimental results, synthesizing of conflicting hypotheses. In this view, theory formation means an ambitious kind of knowledge representation. Its consequences are summarized and its importance for the human sciences and for society is emphasized

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Pages

S.22-35

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Source

Theorie, Semantik und Organisation von Wissen: Proceedings der 13. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation (ISKO) und dem 13. Internationalen Symposium der Informationswissenschaft der Higher Education Association for Information Science (HI) Potsdam (19.-20.03.2013): 'Theory, Information and Organization of Knowledge' / Proceedings der 14. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation (ISKO) und Natural Language & Information Systems (NLDB) Passau (16.06.2015): 'Lexical Resources for Knowledge Organization' / Proceedings des Workshops der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation (ISKO) auf der SEMANTICS Leipzig (1.09.2014): 'Knowledge Organization and Semantic Web' / Proceedings des Workshops der Polnischen und Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation (ISKO) Cottbus (29.-30.09.2011): 'Economics of Knowledge Production and Organization'. Hrsg. von W. Babik, H.P. Ohly u. K. Weber

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Abstract

This paper is put up for discussion to help Knowledge Organization find its proper place. To begin with, a few basic cocepts from the field of communication theory are defined. The new concepts permit the conclusion that what we are facing at present is not a flood of information but one of messages, and that this latter flood must not be equated indiscriminately with a knowledge flood. Messages must be judged on their contents. To this end, 'knowledge' is subdivided into 'core'- 'peripheral', and pseudo-knowledge', and it is argued that the great majority of scientific publications contains peripheral and pseudoknowledge. With the aid of two interlocking and self-amplifying recursive mechanims it is shown that and how pseudoknowledge is more and more gaining ground, particularly outside the mathematical and scientific disciplines, hence precisely in those fields which deal with social problems in the broadest sense of the word. Thus a deficit of knowledge on which to base action is produced, leading to a general disorientation - a modern form of ignorance, keenly manifesting itself at present in a crisis of leadership. The research tasks resulting from the above for Knowledge Organization are roughly outlined

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Abstract

The vast majority of publications in language theory and philosophy start with the language as the given and ask about their structures, about the meaning of their words and about the corret interpretation of texts. This paper approaches the language problem from just the opposite side: the given is here a certain content; what is sought for, is an appropriate artificial language to represent this content. To this end, 7 elementary representation principles are proposed. To illustrate the way they work, syntactic pattern recognition is introduced as a simple, but non-trivial ecxample for representing knowledge in formal language. Another central thema of the paper is Leibniz's characteristica universalis and the so-called Leibniz project. Leibniz's investigations in this field are reviewed against the backgroud of the tasks required in syntactic pattern recognition. It is demonstrated that Leibniz had, in fact, already worked with 6 of the 7 representation principles proposed, further, that his characteristica universalis is an early form of a formal language, and lastly, that, contrary to the prevailing view - the Leibniz project is not a matter of logic but rather one of knowledge representation, a field largely unexploited in today's logic-oriented epistemology and philosophy of science. It is precisely this one-sided orientation of these disciplines, which is responsible for the distorted picture of Leibniz's work found in the literature; some typical misunderstandings are finally discussed