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Abstract

According to Paul Levinson, it would be improper to portray information technology as the cause of change in our world. However, Levinson clarifies that its role in enabling change can hardly be overestimated. He also points out--through riveting examples--that inventions have unintended consequences and uses. Why is it, for example, that the move from polytheism to monotheism failed when attempted by the pharaoh Ikhnaton, yet took solid root among the Hebrews who were taken out of Egypt by Moses only about 150 years later? Levinson argues that communication technology played a key role: The awkward Egyptian hieroglyphics failed to carry the ideology as well as the Hebrew alphabetic system. From there, Levinson examines the early social changes that became possible because of what the author calls "the first digital medium"--the alphabet. He considers how the Reformation, economic and political movements, and the scientific revolution were largely enabled by the printing press. He then discusses the influence of photographic communications and electronic technology such as the telegraph, the telephone, and broadcasting. Levinson devotes the second half of the book to our present digital revolution, from word processing to the Internet and beyond. One of his key points is that new technology doesn't necessarily displace the old so much as it expands it. Therefore, he doesn't see any end to using paper anytime soon. However, he sees great need for changes in the way we view creative rights. He proposes what he calls an"electronic watermark" for intellectual property--a universal patent number that will be embedded in intellectual property and will notify users in any medium of the property's creators. Levinson puts forth his ideas in a manner that is both formal and engaging. He has a knack for making his reader feel intelligent and respected--and never more so than when he looks at issues of ethics and a speculative future.

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Abstract

This book features theoretical and practical perspectives from a range of disciplines on the challenges of using digital media in interpretation and representation of cultural heritage. In "Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage", experts offer a critical and theoretical appraisal of the uses of digital media by cultural heritage institutions. Previous discussions of cultural heritage and digital technology have left the subject largely unmapped in terms of critical theory. The essays in this volume offer this long-missing perspective on the challenges of using digital media in the research, preservation, management, interpretation, and representation of cultural heritage. The contributors - scholars and practitioners from a range of relevant disciplines - ground theory in practice, considering how digital technology might be used to transform institutional cultures, methods, and relationships with audiences. The contributors examine the relationship between material and digital objects in collections of art and indigenous artefacts; the implications of digital technology for knowledge creation, documentation, and the concept of authority; and the possibilities for "virtual cultural heritage" - the preservation and interpretation of cultural and natural heritage through real-time, immersive, and interactive techniques. The essays in "Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage" will serve as a resource for professionals, academics, and students in all fields of cultural heritage, including museums, libraries, galleries, archives, and archaeology, as well as those in education and information technology. The range of issues considered and the diverse disciplines and viewpoints represented point to new directions for an emerging field.

Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Rise and fall of the post-photographic museum : technology and the transformation of art / Peter Walsh -- Materiality of virtual technologies : a new approach to thinking about the impact of multimedia in museums / Andrea Witcomb -- Beyond the cult of the replicant-- museums and historical digital objects : traditional concerns, new discourses / Fiona Cameron -- Te Ahu Hiko : cultural heritage and indigenous objects, people, and environments / Deidre Brown -- Redefining digital art : disrupting borders / Beryl Graham -- Online activity and offlline community : cultural institutions and new media art / Sarah Cook -- Crisis of authority : new lamps for old / Susan Hazan -- Digital cultural communication : audience and remediation / Angelina Russo and Jerry Watkins -- Digital knowledgescapes : cultural, theoretical, practical and usage issues facing museum collection databases in a digital epoch / Fiona Cameron and Helena Robinson -- Art is redeemed, mystery is gone : the documentation of contemporary art / Harald Kraemer -- Cultural information standards-- political territory and rich rewards / Ingrid Mason -- Finding a future for digital cultural heritage resources using contextual information frameworks / Gavan McCarthy -- Engaged dialogism in virtual space : an exploration of research strategies for virtual museums / Suhas Deshpande, Kati Geber, and Corey Timpson -- Localized, personalized, and constructivist : a space for online museum learning / Ross Parry and Nadia Arbach -- Speaking in Rama : panoramic vision in cultural heritage visualization / Sarah Kenderdine -- Dialing up the past / Erik Champion and Bharat Dave -- Morphology of space in virtual heritage / Bernadette Flynn -- Toward tangible virtualities : tangialities / Slavko Milekic -- Ecological cybernetics, virtual reality, and virtual heritage / Maurizio Forte -- Geo-storytelling : a living archive of spatial culture / Scot T. Refsland, Marc Tuters, and Jim Cooley -- Urban heritage representations in hyperdocuments / Rodrigo Paraizo and José Ripper Kós -- Automatic archaeology : bridging the gap between virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and archaeology / Juan Antonio Barceló.

Footnote

The major strength of Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage: A Critical Discourse is the balance of theory and practice achieved by its authors through the inclusion of discussion on digital culture exhibits and programs. By describing the work being done at diverse cultural institutions life is given to theoretical discussions. By relating theory to practice, the work becomes accessible to a broader range of readers. Further, these essays provide many examples of how libraries and museums could partner with each other in the realm of digital culture. The field of museum studies is dealing with the same issues as information and library science with regards to data organization, user behavior, object classification, and documentation schemas. Also, the emphasis on the users of digital cultural heritage and how individuals make meaningful connections with art, history, and geography is another asset of the book. Each chapter is well researched resulting in helpful and extensive bibliographies on various aspects of digital culture. Overall, the work is rich in discussion, description and illustrative examples that cover the subject of digital cultural heritage in terms of depth and breadth. The primary weakness of the title is on the focus on museum studies in the discourse on digital cultural heritage. There is much to be shared and discovered across other cultural institutions such as libraries and local historical societies and a more interdisciplinary approach to the essays included would have captured this. The overwhelming emphasis on museums, unfortunately, may cause some researching and studying digital cultural heritage from another perspective to overlook this work; thereby further dividing the efforts and communication of knowledge in this area. This work is highly recommended for collections on museum studies, cultural heritage, art history and documentation, library and information science, and archival science. This work would be most useful to educators and researchers interested in a theoretical understanding of cultural institutions and user interactions in view of the social and political impact of the evolving digital state of cultural heritage rather than in the specific technologies and specific user studies on the digital cultural heritage. Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage is an insightful work that will encourage further discourse and research."

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Date

22. 2.2008 14:21:53