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Abstract

A system of library classification that flashed across the inquiring mind of young Melvil Louis Kossuth Dewey (known as Melvil Dewey) in 1873 is still the most popular classification scheme.. The modern library classification begins with Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Melvil Dewey devised DDC in 1876. DDC has is credit of 128 years of boudless success. The DDC is being taught as a practical subject throughout the world and it is being used in majority of libraries in about 150 countries. This is the result of continuous revision that 22nd Edition of DDC has been published in July 2003. No other classification scheme has published so many editions. Some welcome changes have been made in DDC 22. To reduce the Christian bias in 200 religion, the numbers 201 to 209 have been devoted to specific aspects of religion. In the previous editions these numbers were devoted to Christianity. to enhance the classifier's efficiency, Table 7 has been removed from DDC 22 and the provision of adding group of persons is made by direct use of notation already available in schedules and in notation -08 from Table 1 Standard Subdivision. The present book is an attempt to explain, with suitable examples, the salient provisions of DDC 22. The book is written in simple language so that the students may not face any difficulty in understanding what is being explained. The examples in the book are explained in a step-by-step procedure. It is hoped that this book will prove of great help and use to the library professionals in general and library and information science students in particular.

Content

1. Introduction to DDC 22 2. Major changes in DDC 22 3. Introduction to the schedules 4. Use of Table 1 : Standard Subdivisions 5. Use of Table 2 : Areas 6. Use of Table 3 : Subdivisions for the arts, for individual literatures, for specific literary forms 7. Use to Table 4 : Subdivisions of individual languages and language families 8. Use of Table 5 : Ethic and National groups 9. Use of Table 6 : Languages 10. Treatment of Groups of Persons

Object

DDC-22

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Abstract

Is this book sociology, anthropology, or taxonomy? Sorting Things Out, by communications theorists Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star, covers a lot of conceptual ground in its effort to sort out exactly how and why we classify and categorize the things and concepts we encounter day to day. But the analysis doesn't stop there; the authors go on to explore what happens to our thinking as a result of our classifications. With great insight and precise academic language, they pick apart our information systems and language structures that lie deeper than the everyday categories we use. The authors focus first on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a widely used scheme used by health professionals worldwide, but also look at other health information systems, racial classifications used by South Africa during apartheid, and more. Though it comes off as a bit too academic at times (by the end of the 20th century, most writers should be able to get the spelling of McDonald's restaurant right), the book has a clever charm that thoughtful readers will surely appreciate. A sly sense of humor sneaks into the writing, giving rise to the chapter title "The Kindness of Strangers," for example. After arguing that categorization is both strongly influenced by and a powerful reinforcer of ideology, it follows that revolutions (political or scientific) must change the way things are sorted in order to throw over the old system. Who knew that such simple, basic elements of thought could have such far-reaching consequences? Whether you ultimately place it with social science, linguistics, or (as the authors fear) fantasy, make sure you put Sorting Things Out in your reading pile.

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Footnote

Rez. in: KO 32(2005) no.4, S.159-160 (G.J.A. Riesthuis): "This thesaurus is a revised edition of: ASIS thesaurus of information science and librarianship, edited by Jessica L. Milstead, 2nd ed. (1998). The change in the title is result of the change of the name of the ASIS (American Society of Information Science) into American Society for Information Science and Technology. Since 2002 the 2nd edition was used by Information Science Abstracts (now Information Science & Technology Abstracts). In the 2nd edition the goal of the thesaurus was formulated as "[include concepts from] information science and librarianship to a depth that will adequately support indexing in those fields with [...] related fields [...] computer science, linguistics and cognitive sciences [...]" (p. vii). The present editors started to update the thesaurus to reflect "the current state of the field and to implement it for indexing the Society's publications for the ASIS&T Digital Library" (p. v). The draft 3rd edition is used to index a great part of the Society's four publications. This means that the 3`1 edition is, more than its predecessors, based on literary warrant as far as this warrant is reflected in ASIS&T publications. The Netherlands have a descriptor, but Romania or Portugal not. The Bliss Bibliographic Classification is mentioned, but the far more often used Russian Library Bibliographical Classification (BBK) is missing. The thesaurus is presented in three parts: 1. An alphabetical listing of all terms. Here one finds the preferred and non-preferred terms with their relations denoted in the customary form (SN, BT, NT, RT, USE and UF). The ordering is word-byword. 2. An hierarchical display of the terms. This display contains the preferred terms only. 3. A permuted display of all terms. Unlike the 2nd edition, this list contains the non-preferred terms too. The thesaurus is like its predecessors a faceted one. There are seven main facets: 1. People and organizations, 2. Actions, events, and processes, 3. Physical objects, 4. Theoretical concepts and influences on information, 5. Information, information delivery formats and channels, 6. Methods of study, 7. Geographic information. The first five facets are subdivided in subfacets, the last have just one subfacet each. In total there arc 18 subfacets, referred to as "top terms" in the language of the thesaurus. This structure is not very different from the structure of the second edition, although the number of subfacets and the terminology has changed. There is one new facet "geographic information" with one subfacet: "countries and regions". In this facet one can see very clearly see that the thesaurus is based on literary warrant: only relatively few countries arc mentioned. The facet "methods of study" is expanded strongly. Under each of the top terms additional concepts are presented in a hierarchical structure. The maximum depth of the hierarchy is nine, although most subfacets have no more than four or five levels. The record for the "bibliometrics" entry shows clearly the changes. The domain and the main structure have not changed, but narrower terms not previously mentioned are added."

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Abstract

Why doesn't your home page appear on the first page of search results, even when you query your own name? How do other Web pages always appear at the top? What creates these powerful rankings? And how? The first book ever about the science of Web page rankings, "Google's PageRank and Beyond" supplies the answers to these and other questions and more. The book serves two very different audiences: the curious science reader and the technical computational reader. The chapters build in mathematical sophistication, so that the first five are accessible to the general academic reader. While other chapters are much more mathematical in nature, each one contains something for both audiences. For example, the authors include entertaining asides such as how search engines make money and how the Great Firewall of China influences research. The book includes an extensive background chapter designed to help readers learn more about the mathematics of search engines, and it contains several MATLAB codes and links to sample Web data sets. The philosophy throughout is to encourage readers to experiment with the ideas and algorithms in the text. Any business seriously interested in improving its rankings in the major search engines can benefit from the clear examples, sample code, and list of resources provided. It includes: many illustrative examples and entertaining asides; MATLAB code; accessible and informal style; and complete and self-contained section for mathematics review.

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Content

Inhalt: General Classification, Colon Classification, Edition7, Philosophy, Conference, Literature Survey, Features, History. Countries and Areas , Theoru, Design of Classification, Classification Problems , Research in Classification, Trends in Classification, Depth Classification, Automatic Classification, Uses of Classification, Practical Classification, Application of Classification, Standards, Glossary.Teminology, classification and Reference Service, Classificationand Documentation, Classification and Communication, Classification and Retrieval, Comparison to Other Schemes, Canons, Isolates, Common Isolates , Space Isolates, Time Isolates, Special Isolates, Postulates, Fundamental Categories, Facet Formula, Optionl Facets, Rounds and Levels, Basic Subjects, Notation and Symbols, Array and Chanin, Devices, Mnemonics, Phase Relation, Systems and Specials, Book Number, Cooperative Calssification, Teaching of Classification, Classification of Specific Subjects, Book Science, Bibliography, Library and Information Science, Classification, Cataloguing, Mathematics, Cybernetics, Engineering, Computer, Chemistry, Crystallography, Technology. Food Technology, Corrosion, Parasitism, Geology , Agriculture, Zoology, Animal Husbandry, Medicine, Useful Arts, Military Science, Creative Arts, Aiterature, Sanskrit, Marathi, Tamil, Calssics, Linguistics, Philosophy, Ssocial Science, Geography, Maps, History , Political Science, Economics, Sociology, Law,

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Abstract

This is a practical tool and comprehensive introduction to the use of controlled vocabularies. This authoritative and detailed volume presents readers with a 'how-to' guide to building controlled vocabulary tools, cataloguing and indexing cultural materials with terms and names from controlled vocabularies, and how to use vocabularies in search engines and databases to enhance discovery and retrieval online. "Introduction to Controlled Vocabularies" also features in-depth discussions on a number of topics, including: What are controlled vocabularies and why are they useful? Which vocabularies exist for cataloguing art and cultural objects? and how should they be used for indexing and retrieving? This book provides organizations and individuals with a practical tool for creating and implementing vocabularies as reference tools, sources of documentation, and powerful enhancements for online searching.

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Footnote

Ton Heijligers reflects an the relation of the IME ICC effort to AACR and calls for an examination of the principles and function of the concept of main entry in his brief paper "Main entry into the future?" Ingrid Parent's article "From ISBD (S) to ISBD(CR): a voyage of discovery and alignment" is reprinted from Serials Librarian as it tells of the successful project not only to revise an ISBD, but also to harmonize three Codes for serials cataloguing: ISBD (CR), ISSN and AACR. Gunilla Jonsson's paper "The bibliographic unit in the digital context" is a perceptive discussion of level of granularity issues which must be addressed in deciding what to catalogue. Practical issues and user expectation are important considerations, whether the material to be catalogued is digital or analog. Ann Huthwaite's paper "Class of materials concept and GMDs" as well as Tom Delsey's ensuing comments, originated as Joint Steering Committee restricted papers in 2002. It is a great service to have them made widely available in this form as they raise fundamental issues and motivate work that has since taken place, leading to the current major round of revision to AACR. The GMD issue is about more than a list of terms and their placement in the cataloguing record, it is intertwined with consideration of whether the concept of classes of materials is helpful in organizing cataloguing rules, if so, which classes are needed, and how to allow for eventual integration of new types of materials. Useful in the Code comparison exercise is an extract of the section an access points from the draft of revised RAK (German cataloguing rules). Four short papers compare aspects of the Russian Cataloguing Rules with RAK and AACR: Tatiana Maskhoulia covers corporate body headings; Elena Zagorskaya outlines current development an serials and other continuing resources; Natalia N. Kasparova covers multilevel structures; Ljubov Ermakova and Tamara Bakhturina describe the uniform title and GMD provisions. The website includes one more item by Kasparova "Bibliographic record language in multilingual electronic communication." The volume is rounded out by the appendix which includes the conference agenda, the full list of participants, and the reports from the five working groups. Not for the casual reader, this volume is a must read for anyone working an cataloguing code development at the national or international levels, as well as those teaching cataloguing. Any practising cataloguer will benefit from reading the draft statement of principles and the three presentation papers, and dipping into the background papers."

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Date

22. 3.2008 18:09:52

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Date

28. 2.2008 17:22:52

Object

DDC-22

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Date

22. 6.2008 13:03:30

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Date

15. 7.2018 16:22:16

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitteilungen VÖB 48(1995) H.1, S.66-68 (K. Niedermair) - Vgl. auch Lepsky, K. in: Bibliotheksdienst 29(1995) H.3, S.500-519; Bibliothek: Forschung u. Praxis 19(1995) H.2, S.251-254 (G. Hartwieg; auch in: LDV-Forum Bd. 12, Nr. 2, Jg. 1995, S.22-29 [unter: http://www.jlcl.org/1995_Heft2/Rezensionen_19-27.pdf]) .