-
Polity, Y.: Vers une ergonomie linguistique (1994)
0.07
0.069699265 = product of:
0.104548894 = sum of:
0.067894526 = weight(_text_:bibliographic in 36) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.067894526 = score(doc=36,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19731061 = queryWeight, product of:
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.34409973 = fieldWeight in 36, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=36)
0.036654368 = product of:
0.073308736 = sum of:
0.073308736 = weight(_text_:searching in 36) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.073308736 = score(doc=36,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.3575566 = fieldWeight in 36, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=36)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
- Abstract
- Analyzed a special type of man-mchine interaction, that of searching an information system with natural language. A model for full text processing for information retrieval was proposed that considered the system's users and how they employ information. Describes how INIST (the National Institute for Scientific and Technical Information) is developing computer assisted indexing as an aid to improving relevance when retrieving information from bibliographic data banks
-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
0.07
0.06739887 = product of:
0.1010983 = sum of:
0.080497816 = product of:
0.24149345 = sum of:
0.24149345 = weight(_text_:3a in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.24149345 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.42968985 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.56201804 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.020600483 = product of:
0.041200966 = sum of:
0.041200966 = weight(_text_:22 in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041200966 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
-
Morris, V.: Automated language identification of bibliographic resources (2020)
0.06
0.06357456 = product of:
0.095361836 = sum of:
0.067894526 = weight(_text_:bibliographic in 5749) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.067894526 = score(doc=5749,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19731061 = queryWeight, product of:
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.34409973 = fieldWeight in 5749, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5749)
0.02746731 = product of:
0.05493462 = sum of:
0.05493462 = weight(_text_:22 in 5749) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05493462 = score(doc=5749,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 5749, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5749)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
- Date
- 2. 3.2020 19:04:22
-
Bian, G.-W.; Chen, H.-H.: Cross-language information access to multilingual collections on the Internet (2000)
0.04
0.03965221 = product of:
0.118956625 = sum of:
0.118956625 = sum of:
0.07775566 = weight(_text_:searching in 4436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.07775566 = score(doc=4436,freq=4.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.37924606 = fieldWeight in 4436, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4436)
0.041200966 = weight(_text_:22 in 4436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041200966 = score(doc=4436,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4436, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4436)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Language barrier is the major problem that people face in searching for, retrieving, and understanding multilingual collections on the Internet. This paper deals with query translation and document translation in a Chinese-English information retrieval system called MTIR. Bilingual dictionary and monolingual corpus-based approaches are adopted to select suitable tranlated query terms. A machine transliteration algorithm is introduced to resolve proper name searching. We consider several design issues for document translation, including which material is translated, what roles the HTML tags play in translation, what the tradeoff is between the speed performance and the translation performance, and what from the translated result is presented in. About 100.000 Web pages translated in the last 4 months of 1997 are used for quantitative study of online and real-time Web page translation
- Date
- 16. 2.2000 14:22:39
-
Doszkocs, T.E.; Zamora, A.: Dictionary services and spelling aids for Web searching (2004)
0.04
0.037784066 = product of:
0.113352194 = sum of:
0.113352194 = sum of:
0.06479639 = weight(_text_:searching in 2541) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06479639 = score(doc=2541,freq=4.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.3160384 = fieldWeight in 2541, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2541)
0.048555806 = weight(_text_:22 in 2541) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.048555806 = score(doc=2541,freq=4.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.27358043 = fieldWeight in 2541, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2541)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- The Specialized Information Services Division (SIS) of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides Web access to more than a dozen scientific databases on toxicology and the environment on TOXNET . Search queries on TOXNET often include misspelled or variant English words, medical and scientific jargon and chemical names. Following the example of search engines like Google and ClinicalTrials.gov, we set out to develop a spelling "suggestion" system for increased recall and precision in TOXNET searching. This paper describes development of dictionary technology that can be used in a variety of applications such as orthographic verification, writing aid, natural language processing, and information storage and retrieval. The design of the technology allows building complex applications using the components developed in the earlier phases of the work in a modular fashion without extensive rewriting of computer code. Since many of the potential applications envisioned for this work have on-line or web-based interfaces, the dictionaries and other computer components must have fast response, and must be adaptable to open-ended database vocabularies, including chemical nomenclature. The dictionary vocabulary for this work was derived from SIS and other databases and specialized resources, such as NLM's Unified Medical Language Systems (UMLS) . The resulting technology, A-Z Dictionary (AZdict), has three major constituents: 1) the vocabulary list, 2) the word attributes that define part of speech and morphological relationships between words in the list, and 3) a set of programs that implements the retrieval of words and their attributes, and determines similarity between words (ChemSpell). These three components can be used in various applications such as spelling verification, spelling aid, part-of-speech tagging, paraphrasing, and many other natural language processing functions.
- Date
- 14. 8.2004 17:22:56
- Source
- Online. 28(2004) no.3, S.22-29
-
Hane, P.J.: Beyond keyword searching : Oingo and Simpli.com introduce meaning-based searching (2000)
0.03
0.030238314 = product of:
0.09071494 = sum of:
0.09071494 = product of:
0.18142988 = sum of:
0.18142988 = weight(_text_:searching in 6301) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.18142988 = score(doc=6301,freq=4.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.8849075 = fieldWeight in 6301, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6301)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
-
Arsenault, C.: Aggregation consistency and frequency of Chinese words and characters (2006)
0.03
0.028289389 = product of:
0.08486816 = sum of:
0.08486816 = weight(_text_:bibliographic in 609) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08486816 = score(doc=609,freq=8.0), product of:
0.19731061 = queryWeight, product of:
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.43012467 = fieldWeight in 609, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=609)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Purpose - Aims to measure syllable aggregation consistency of Romanized Chinese data in the title fields of bibliographic records. Also aims to verify if the term frequency distributions satisfy conventional bibliometric laws. Design/methodology/approach - Uses Cooper's interindexer formula to evaluate aggregation consistency within and between two sets of Chinese bibliographic data. Compares the term frequency distributions of polysyllabic words and monosyllabic characters (for vernacular and Romanized data) with the Lotka and the generalised Zipf theoretical distributions. The fits are tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Findings - Finds high internal aggregation consistency within each data set but some aggregation discrepancy between sets. Shows that word (polysyllabic) distributions satisfy Lotka's law but that character (monosyllabic) distributions do not abide by the law. Research limitations/implications - The findings are limited to only two sets of bibliographic data (for aggregation consistency analysis) and to one set of data for the frequency distribution analysis. Only two bibliometric distributions are tested. Internal consistency within each database remains fairly high. Therefore the main argument against syllable aggregation does not appear to hold true. The analysis revealed that Chinese words and characters behave differently in terms of frequency distribution but that there is no noticeable difference between vernacular and Romanized data. The distribution of Romanized characters exhibits the worst case in terms of fit to either Lotka's or Zipf's laws, which indicates that Romanized data in aggregated form appear to be a preferable option. Originality/value - Provides empirical data on consistency and distribution of Romanized Chinese titles in bibliographic records.
-
Yannakoudakis, E.J.; Daraki, J.J.: Lexical clustering and retrieval of bibliographic records (1994)
0.03
0.028005064 = product of:
0.08401519 = sum of:
0.08401519 = weight(_text_:bibliographic in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08401519 = score(doc=1045,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19731061 = queryWeight, product of:
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.4258017 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Presents a new system that enables users to retrieve catalogue entries on the basis of theri lexical similarities and to cluster records in a dynamic fashion. Describes the information retrieval system developed by the Department of Informatics, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece. The system also offers the means for cyclic retrieval of records from each cluster while allowing the user to define the field to be used in each case. The approach is based on logical keys which are derived from pertinent bibliographic fields and are used for all clustering and information retrieval functions
-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
0.03
0.026832607 = product of:
0.080497816 = sum of:
0.080497816 = product of:
0.24149345 = sum of:
0.24149345 = weight(_text_:3a in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.24149345 = score(doc=862,freq=2.0), product of:
0.42968985 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.56201804 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
-
Yang, C.C.; Luk, J.: Automatic generation of English/Chinese thesaurus based on a parallel corpus in laws (2003)
0.02
0.023130458 = product of:
0.06939137 = sum of:
0.06939137 = sum of:
0.04535747 = weight(_text_:searching in 1616) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04535747 = score(doc=1616,freq=4.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.22122687 = fieldWeight in 1616, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1616)
0.024033897 = weight(_text_:22 in 1616) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.024033897 = score(doc=1616,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 1616, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1616)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- The information available in languages other than English in the World Wide Web is increasing significantly. According to a report from Computer Economics in 1999, 54% of Internet users are English speakers ("English Will Dominate Web for Only Three More Years," Computer Economics, July 9, 1999, http://www.computereconomics. com/new4/pr/pr990610.html). However, it is predicted that there will be only 60% increase in Internet users among English speakers verses a 150% growth among nonEnglish speakers for the next five years. By 2005, 57% of Internet users will be non-English speakers. A report by CNN.com in 2000 showed that the number of Internet users in China had been increased from 8.9 million to 16.9 million from January to June in 2000 ("Report: China Internet users double to 17 million," CNN.com, July, 2000, http://cnn.org/2000/TECH/computing/07/27/ china.internet.reut/index.html). According to Nielsen/ NetRatings, there was a dramatic leap from 22.5 millions to 56.6 millions Internet users from 2001 to 2002. China had become the second largest global at-home Internet population in 2002 (US's Internet population was 166 millions) (Robyn Greenspan, "China Pulls Ahead of Japan," Internet.com, April 22, 2002, http://cyberatias.internet.com/big-picture/geographics/article/0,,5911_1013841,00. html). All of the evidences reveal the importance of crosslingual research to satisfy the needs in the near future. Digital library research has been focusing in structural and semantic interoperability in the past. Searching and retrieving objects across variations in protocols, formats and disciplines are widely explored (Schatz, B., & Chen, H. (1999). Digital libraries: technological advances and social impacts. IEEE Computer, Special Issue an Digital Libraries, February, 32(2), 45-50.; Chen, H., Yen, J., & Yang, C.C. (1999). International activities: development of Asian digital libraries. IEEE Computer, Special Issue an Digital Libraries, 32(2), 48-49.). However, research in crossing language boundaries, especially across European languages and Oriental languages, is still in the initial stage. In this proposal, we put our focus an cross-lingual semantic interoperability by developing automatic generation of a cross-lingual thesaurus based an English/Chinese parallel corpus. When the searchers encounter retrieval problems, Professional librarians usually consult the thesaurus to identify other relevant vocabularies. In the problem of searching across language boundaries, a cross-lingual thesaurus, which is generated by co-occurrence analysis and Hopfield network, can be used to generate additional semantically relevant terms that cannot be obtained from dictionary. In particular, the automatically generated cross-lingual thesaurus is able to capture the unknown words that do not exist in a dictionary, such as names of persons, organizations, and events. Due to Hong Kong's unique history background, both English and Chinese are used as official languages in all legal documents. Therefore, English/Chinese cross-lingual information retrieval is critical for applications in courts and the government. In this paper, we develop an automatic thesaurus by the Hopfield network based an a parallel corpus collected from the Web site of the Department of Justice of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) Government. Experiments are conducted to measure the precision and recall of the automatic generated English/Chinese thesaurus. The result Shows that such thesaurus is a promising tool to retrieve relevant terms, especially in the language that is not the same as the input term. The direct translation of the input term can also be retrieved in most of the cases.
-
Prasad, A.R.D.; Kar, B.B.: Parsing Boolean search expression using definite clause grammars (1994)
0.02
0.02263151 = product of:
0.067894526 = sum of:
0.067894526 = weight(_text_:bibliographic in 8188) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.067894526 = score(doc=8188,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19731061 = queryWeight, product of:
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.34409973 = fieldWeight in 8188, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.893044 = idf(docFreq=2449, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=8188)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Briefly discusses the role of search languages in information retrieval and broadly groups the search languages into 4 categories. Explains the idea of definite clause grammars and demonstrates how parsers for Boolean logic-based search languages can easily be developed. Presents a partial Prolog code of the parser that was used in an object-oriented bibliographic database management system
-
Jones, K.: Linguistic searching versus relevance ranking : DR-LINK and TARGET (1999)
0.02
0.021381717 = product of:
0.06414515 = sum of:
0.06414515 = product of:
0.1282903 = sum of:
0.1282903 = weight(_text_:searching in 6423) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.1282903 = score(doc=6423,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.6257241 = fieldWeight in 6423, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6423)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
-
Addison, E.R.; Wilson, H.D.; Feder, J.: ¬The impact of plain English searching on end users (1993)
0.02
0.021162411 = product of:
0.06348723 = sum of:
0.06348723 = product of:
0.12697446 = sum of:
0.12697446 = weight(_text_:searching in 5354) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12697446 = score(doc=5354,freq=6.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.61930627 = fieldWeight in 5354, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5354)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Commercial software products are available with plain English searching capabilities as engines for online and CD-ROM information services, and for internal text information management. With plain English interfaces, end users do not need to master the keyword and connector approach of the Boolean search query language. Describes plain English searching and its impact on the process of full text retrieval. Explores the issues of ease of use, reliability and implications for the total research process
-
Allen, E.E.: Searching, naturally (1998)
0.02
0.018327186 = product of:
0.054981556 = sum of:
0.054981556 = product of:
0.10996311 = sum of:
0.10996311 = weight(_text_:searching in 2602) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10996311 = score(doc=2602,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.53633493 = fieldWeight in 2602, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2602)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
-
Hagn-Meincke, L.L.: Sprogspil pa tvaers : sprogfilosofiske teoriers betydning for indeksering og emnesogning (1999)
0.02
0.018327186 = product of:
0.054981556 = sum of:
0.054981556 = product of:
0.10996311 = sum of:
0.10996311 = weight(_text_:searching in 4643) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10996311 = score(doc=4643,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20502694 = queryWeight, product of:
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.53633493 = fieldWeight in 4643, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.0452914 = idf(docFreq=2103, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4643)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Language-game interferences: the importance of linguistic theories for indexing and subject searching
-
Warner, A.J.: Natural language processing (1987)
0.02
0.018311542 = product of:
0.05493462 = sum of:
0.05493462 = product of:
0.10986924 = sum of:
0.10986924 = weight(_text_:22 in 337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10986924 = score(doc=337,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 337, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=337)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.79-108
-
McMahon, J.G.; Smith, F.J.: Improved statistical language model performance with automatic generated word hierarchies (1996)
0.02
0.016022598 = product of:
0.048067793 = sum of:
0.048067793 = product of:
0.09613559 = sum of:
0.09613559 = weight(_text_:22 in 3164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09613559 = score(doc=3164,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 3164, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3164)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Source
- Computational linguistics. 22(1996) no.2, S.217-248
-
Ruge, G.: ¬A spreading activation network for automatic generation of thesaurus relationships (1991)
0.02
0.016022598 = product of:
0.048067793 = sum of:
0.048067793 = product of:
0.09613559 = sum of:
0.09613559 = weight(_text_:22 in 4506) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09613559 = score(doc=4506,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 4506, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4506)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Date
- 8.10.2000 11:52:22
-
Somers, H.: Example-based machine translation : Review article (1999)
0.02
0.016022598 = product of:
0.048067793 = sum of:
0.048067793 = product of:
0.09613559 = sum of:
0.09613559 = weight(_text_:22 in 6672) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09613559 = score(doc=6672,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 6672, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6672)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Date
- 31. 7.1996 9:22:19
-
New tools for human translators (1997)
0.02
0.016022598 = product of:
0.048067793 = sum of:
0.048067793 = product of:
0.09613559 = sum of:
0.09613559 = weight(_text_:22 in 1179) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09613559 = score(doc=1179,freq=2.0), product of:
0.17748274 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05068286 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 1179, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1179)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Date
- 31. 7.1996 9:22:19
