Search (61 results, page 1 of 4)

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Date

27. 5.2001 16:22:10

Series

Cataloging and classification quarterly; vol.29, nos.1/2

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Abstract

In 1946, the Université Laval in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, started using Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) in French by creating an authority list, Répertoire de Vedettes-matière (RVM), whose first published edition appeared in 1962. In the 1970s, the most important libraries in Canada with an interest in French-language cataloging - the Université de Montréal, the Bibliothèque Nationale du Canada, and the Bibliothèque Nationale du Quebec - forged partnerships with the Université Laval to support RVM. In 1974, the Bibliothèque Publique d'Information, Centre Pompidou, Paris, France became the first library in Europe to adopt RVM. During the 1980s, the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (BNF) created an authority list, RAMEAU, based upon RVM, which is used by numerous French libraries of all types. The major libraries in Luxembourg adopted RVM in 1985. Individual libraries in Belgium also use RVM, often in combination with LCSH. The spread of RVM in the francophone world reflects the increasing importance of the pragmatic North American tradition of shared cataloging and library cooperation. RVM and its European versions are based upon literary warrant and make changes to LCSH to reflect the specific cultural and linguistic meeds of their user communities. While the users of RVM seek to harmonize the various versions, differences in terminology and probably syntax are inevitable.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

In 1989 a consortium of the national libraries of Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal and the UK agreed to cooperate in investigating the potential of CD-ROMs as a means of distributing and using national bibliographic data. The project, which was divided into 10 manageable sub projects, was launched in Jan 90. One major result is a draft specification of requirements for a common retrieval interface for bibliographic data, designed to match as closely as possible the needs of four user groups: acquisition librarians, cataloguers, reference librarians and end users. A second is the production of a pilot CD-ROM in UNIMARC; The Explorers, containing records from the national bibliographies of Denmark, Italy, Netherlands and Portugal. Other major products are MARC to UNIMARC conversion tables, and a multilingual interface. Valuable if sometimes painful experience was gained during the project

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Abstract

This paper introduces to the new Internet service The European Library, provided by the Conference of European National Librarians (CENL), and gives an overview of activities in Europe for multilingual library services, developed and tested in various projects: TEL-ME-MOR, MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects), MSAC (Multilingual Subject Access to Catalogues of National Libraries), Crisscross, and VIAF (Virtual International Authority File).

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Date

22. 7.2000 17:48:06

Source

Dokumente und Datenbanken in elektronischen Netzen: Tagungsberichte vom 6. und 7. Österreichischen Online-Informationstreffen bzw. vom 7. und 8. Österreichischen Dokumentartag, Schloß Seggau, Seggauberg bei Leibnitz, 26.-29. September 1995, Congresszentrum Igls bei Innsbruck, 21.-24. Oktober 1997. Hrsg.: E. Pipp

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Abstract

The rapid growth of the non-English-speaking Internet population has created a need for better searching and browsing capabilities in languages other than English. However, existing search engines may not serve the needs of many non-English-speaking Internet users. In this paper, we propose a generic and integrated approach to searching and browsing the Internet in a multilingual world. Based an this approach, we have developed the Chinese Business Intelligence Portal (CBizPort), a meta-search engine that searches for business information of mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. Additional functions provided by CBizPort include encoding conversion (between Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese), summarization, and categorization. Experimental results of our user evaluation study show that the searching and browsing performance of CBizPort was comparable to that of regional Chinese search engines, and CBizPort could significantly augment these search engines. Subjects' verbal comments indicate that CBizPort performed best in terms of analysis functions, cross-regional searching, and user-friendliness, whereas regional search engines were more efficient and more popular. Subjects especially liked CBizPort's summarizer and categorizer, which helped in understanding search results. These encouraging results suggest a promising future of our approach to Internet searching and browsing in a multilingual world.

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Abstract

The preparation of a bilingual Slovene-English general controlled vocabulary to be used for subject indexing in the COBISS.SI library information system, Slovenia, is a national project that started in March 2000. According to the basic methodology, a new subject schema named Splogni geslovnik COBISS.SI (COBISS.SI General List of Subject Headings) (SGC) is to be developed from the Sears List of Subject Headings (Sears). The project is divided into four phases: 1) translation and editing of Sears, 2) restructuring and adaptation of Sears and mapping of SGC headings to LCSH, 3) addition of new terms and preparation of instructions for use, and 4) conversion from the OCLC MARC format for authorities and inclusion of SGC in subject authority control system. By the end of 2002, the first part of Phase I was completed. Also described at some length are both the faceting of Sears headings and the addition of new terms based, among other, on LCSH.

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Abstract

The information available in languages other than English on the World Wide Web and global information systems is increasing significantly. According to some recent reports. the growth of non-English speaking Internet users is significantly higher than the growth of English-speaking Internet users. Asia and Europe have become the two most-populated regions of Internet users. However, there are many different languages in the many different countries of Asia and Europe. And there are many countries in the world using more than one language as their official languages. For example, Chinese and English are official languages in Hong Kong SAR; English and French are official languages in Canada. In the global economy, information systems are no longer utilized by users in a single geographical region but all over the world. Information can be generated, stored, processed, and accessed in several different languages. All of this reveals the importance of research in multilingual information systems.

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Abstract

Work in establishing interoperability between Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) in Europe is fairly recent and much work is still needed before users can successfully conduct subject searches across information resources in European libraries. Over the last 25 years many subject heading lists were created or developed from existing ones. Obstacles for effective interoperability have been progressively lifted which has paved the way for interoperability projects to achieve some encouraging results. This paper will look at interoperability approaches in the area of subject indexing tools and will present a short overview of the development of European SHLs. It will then look at the conditions necessary for effective and comprehensive interoperability using the method of linking subject headings, as used by the »Multilingual Access to Subject Headings project« (MACS).

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Abstract

In 1994 the International Union for Health Promotion and Health Education, Regional Office for Europe began a thesaurus project in the field of health promotion and health education, in collaboration with terminologists and health promotion specialists from various European countries. Describes the different phases of the international project. Pays special attention to the origin of the project and the international cooperative imperative needed to bring such a project to fruition

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Abstract

With increasing moves towards an integrated Europe the need for multilingual access to information becomes more pressing. One aspect of this need which has largely been neglected is the provision of multilingual access to OPACs and this paper is concerned with exploring this problem area. The need for multilingual OPAC search capabilities and the difficulties associated with this are discussed. The problems of subject access in particular are highlighted. Research into subject searching in monolingual OPACs is reviewed and its relevance to multilingual OPACs is outlined. Given the limitations of current machine translation of natural language it is likely that the utilisation of controlled subject search facilities. Finally some possible directions for further research are considered

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Abstract

Shared authority files and cooperation in the development of national lists, both author and subject, have enabled libraries to share resources and improve access to their collections. As we move from national resource sharing to a more international approach, we face problems accessing catalogues in other languages. By creating links between existing subject heading languages (initially in French, German, and English), MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects) allows users to carry out searches in major national library collections in Europe using subject headings in their own languages. An operational service will be available in 2004.

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Abstract

Since several years it has been observed that information offered by different knowledge producing institutions on the internet is more and more interlinked. This tendency will increase, because the fragmented information offers on the internet make the retrieval of information difficult as even impossible. At the same time the quantity of information offered on the internet grows exponentially in Europe - and elsewhere - due to many digitization projects. Insofar as funding institutions base the acceptance of projects on the observation of certain documentation standards the knowledge created will be retrievable and will remain so for a longer time. Otherwise the retrieval of information will become a matter of chance due to the limits of fragmented, knowledge producing social groups.

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Abstract

IATE ist die gemeinsame Terminologiedatenbank der Organe und Einrichtungen der Europäischen Union. Die Idee entsprang dem Wunsch des Übersetzungszentrums für die Einrichtungen der Europäischen Union nach einer umfassenden Terminologiedatenbank, die seinen spezifischen Anforderungen als Übersetzungsdienstleister für die dezentralen Einrichtungen ('agencies') der EU gerecht wird. Daher stammt auch die ursprüngliche Bezeichnung Inter-agency terminology exchange. Die Entwicklung der Datenbank begann Anfang 2000. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt hatten die wichtigsten Organe der Gemeinschaft ihr Interesse an einem gemeinsamen Terminologiewerkzeug bekundet und sich dem Projekt angeschlossen, das heute neben dem Übersetzungszentrum neun weitere Partner zählt: Europäische Kommission, Rat, Europäisches Parlament, Europäischer Gerichtshof, Europäischer Rechungshof, Europäischer Wirtschafts- und Sozialausschuss, Ausschuss der Regionen, Europäische Zentralbank und Europäische Investitionsbank. 2001 wurde der erste Prototyp vorgestellt, jedoch sollten weitere drei Jahre vergehen, bis das System für groß angelegte Tests reif war. So erhielt im August 2004 eine ausgewählte Nutzergruppe Zugang zu der neuen Datenbank, und Anfang 2005 erlangte IATE, das inzwischen in Inter-Active Terminology for Europe umbenannt worden war, die volle Einsatzfähigkeit innerhalb der Generaldirektion Übersetzung der Europäischen Kommission. Es ersetzte damit Eurodicautom als die zentrale Terminologiedatenbank für interne Nutzer.

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Date

2. 8.2001 8:55:22

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: GREFENSTETTE, G.: The Problem of Cross-Language Information Retrieval; DAVIS, M.W.: On the Effective Use of Large Parallel Corpora in Cross-Language Text Retrieval; BALLESTEROS, L. u. W.B. CROFT: Statistical Methods for Cross-Language Information Retrieval; Distributed Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval; Automatic Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using Latent Semantic Indexing; EVANS, D.A. u.a.: Mapping Vocabularies Using Latent Semantics; PICCHI, E. u. C. PETERS: Cross-Language Information Retrieval: A System for Comparable Corpus Querying; YAMABANA, K. u.a.: A Language Conversion Front-End for Cross-Language Information Retrieval; GACHOT, D.A. u.a.: The Systran NLP Browser: An Application of Machine Translation Technology in Cross-Language Information Retrieval; HULL, D.: A Weighted Boolean Model for Cross-Language Text Retrieval; SHERIDAN, P. u.a. Building a Large Multilingual Test Collection from Comparable News Documents; OARD; D.W. u. B.J. DORR: Evaluating Cross-Language Text Filtering Effectiveness

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Source

International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 29(2000) no.3, S.43-45

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Date

5. 8.2001 14:04:29

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The aim of this initiative is to provide the users of online library catalogues and information gateways of cooperating libraries with a prototype for multilingual subject searching in online environment. Library collections of these libraries are large and without any doubt very valuable for researchers throughout Europe. What is needed is a standardized, authorized indexing and retrieval tool which would bring together all their catalogues and databases and enable multilingual subject searching. At the beginning of the project, a number of factors affecting subject indexing in current environment and cross-searching for subjects have been identified. These factors include - standardization of subject retrieval process and indexing and classification tools - subject retrieval methods - possibility of interoperability among different indexing and classification schemes - multilingualism issue - possibility to increase precision and recall trough Z39.50 protocol and its profiles and to apply authority control in subject retrieval process - need for cooperation