Search (16 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Die Extensible Markup Language (XML) ist eine Metaauszeichnungssprache, die 1998 vom World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) als neue Empfehlung für Web-Anwendungen festgesetzt wurde. In XML-Dokumenten werden die hierarchische Struktur und der Inhalt der Dokumente festgelegt, aber keinerlei Angaben zum Layout gemacht. Dieses wird in so genannten Stylesheets definiert. Auf dieser strikten Trennung von Struktur und Layout beruht das große Potenzial von XML im Hinblick auf das Cross-Media-Publishing: Mit Hilfe mehrerer Stylesheets, die sich alle auf ein XML-Dokument beziehen, ist es mit relativ geringem Aufwand möglich, aus einem Datenbestand verschiedene Ausgabeprodukte zu erzeugen.Einleitend gibt die Autorin einen kurzen Überblick über die Grundzüge, den Leistungsumfang und die Funktionalitäten von XML und einigen zugehörigen Spezifikationen, die im Zusammenhang mit XML entwickelt wurden. Nachfolgend wird der Themenkomplex der Informationsmittel, wie z.B. Lexika und Enzyklopädien behandelt. Schwerpunktmäßig wird hier dargestellt, wie XML heutzutage in Verlagen zur Publikation von Informationsmitteln eingesetzt wird und welche Vor- und Nachteile eine derartige Auszeichnung der Daten mit sich bringt. Aufbauend auf diesem theoretischen Teil wird am Beispiel eines geografischen Lexikonartikels praktisch demonstriert, wie sich aus einem einmal erfassten Datenbestand verschiedene Ausgabeprodukte generieren lassen. Ein lesenswertes Werk für alle Informatiker, Programmierer und Webdesigner und andere am Thema interessierte Leser, die mehr über diese Sprache erfahren wollen.

RSWK

Cross Media Publishing / Informationsmittel / XML

Subject

Cross Media Publishing / Informationsmittel / XML

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Abstract

The eventual adaptation of archives to new technological possibilities could begin with the creation of digital versions of archival finding aids, which would allow the international diffusion of descriptive information. The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), document type definition (DTD) for archival description known as encoded archival description (EAD) is an appropriate tool for this purpose. Presents a methodological strategy that begins with an analysis of EAD and the informational object to be marked up, allowing the semiautomatic creation of a digital version.

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Abstract

The authors, hoping to stimulate interest in XML (Extensible Markup Language) and explain its value to the library community, offer a fine introduction to the topic. The opening chapter defines XML as "a system for electronically tagging or marking up documents in order to label, organize, and categorize their content" and then goes on to describe its origins and fundamental building blocks. Subsequent chapters address related technologies, schema development, XML-based tools, and current and future library uses. The authors argue persuasively for increased XML use, emphasizing its advantages over HTML in flexibility, interoperability, extensibility, and internationalization. Information is detailed, deftly written, and supported by numerous examples. Readers without a technological bent may find the text daunting, but their perseverance will be richly rewarded. Particularly recommended for webmasters and those working in library information systems and technical services.

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Abstract

Although Learning XML covers XML with a broad brush, it nevertheless presents the key elements of the technology with enough detail to familiarise the reader with the crucial markup language. This guide is brief enough to tackle in a weekend. Author Erik T Ray begins with an excellent summary of XML's history as an outgrowth of SGML and HTML. He outlines very clearly the elements of markup, demystifying concepts such as attributes, entities and namespaces with numerous clear examples. To illustrate a real-world XML application, he gives the reader a look at a document written in DocBook--a publicly available XML document type for publishing technical writings--and explains the sections of the document step by step. A simplified version of DocBook is used later in the book to illustrate transformation--a powerful benefit of XML. The all-important Document Type Definition (DTD) is covered in depth, but the still-unofficial alternative--XML Schema--is only briefly addressed. The author makes liberal use of graphical illustrations, tables and code to demonstrate concepts along the way, keeping the reader engaged and on track. Ray also gets into a deep discussion of programming XML utilities with Perl. Learning XML is a highly readable introduction to XML for readers with existing knowledge of markup and Web technologies, and it meets its goals very well--to deliver a broad perspective of XML and its potential.

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Date

30. 3.2003 11:06:22

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Abstract

Seit dem 22. Februar 1999 ist das Resource Description Framework (RDF) als W3C-Empfehlung verfügbar. Doch was steckt hinter diesem Standard, der das Zeitalter des Semantischen Webs einläuten soll? Was RDF bedeutet, wozu man es einsetzt, welche Vorteile es gegenüber XML hat und wie man RDF anwendet, soll in diesem Artikel erläutert werden.

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Footnote

Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."

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Footnote

Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."

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Footnote

Tennant's collection covers a variety of well- and lesser-known XML-based pilot and prototype projects undertaken by libraries around the world. Some of the projects included are: Stanford's XMLMARC conversion, Oregon State's use of XML in interlibrary loaning, e-books (California Digital Library) and electronic scholarly publishing (University of Michigan), the Washington Research Library Consortium's XML-based Web Services, and using TEI Lite to support indexing (Halton Hills Public Library). Of the 13 projects presented, nine are sited in academe, three are state library endeavors, and one is an American public library initiative. The projects are gathered into sections grouped by seven library applications: the use of XML in library catalog records, interlibrary loan, cataloging and indexing, collection building, databases, data migration, and systems interoperability. Each project is introduced with a few paragraphs of background information. The project reports-averaging about 13 pages each-include project goals and justification, project description, challenges and lessons learned (successes and failures), future plans, implications of the work, contact information for individual(s) responsible for the project, and relevant Web links and resources. The clear strengths of this collection are in the details and the consistency of presentation. The concise project write-ups flow well and encourage interested readers to follow-up via personal contacts and URLs. The sole weakness is the price. XML in Libraries will excite and inspire institutions and organizations with technically adept staff resources and visionary leaders. Erik Ray has written a how-to book. Unlike most, Learning XML is not aimed at the professional programming community. The intended audience is readers familiar with a structured markup (HTML, TEX, etc.) and Web concepts (hypertext links, data representation). In the first six chapters, Ray introduces XMUs main concepts and tools for writing, viewing, testing, and transforming XML (chapter 1), describes basic syntax (chapter 2), discusses linking with XLink and XPointer (chapter 3), introduces Cascading Style Sheets for use with XML (chapter 4), explains document type definitions (DTDs) and schemas (chapter 5), and covers XSLT stylesheets and XPath (chapter 6). Chapter 7 introduces Unicode, internationalization and language support, including CSS and XSLT encoding. Chapter 8 is an overview of writing software for processing XML, and includes the Perl code for an XML syntax checker. This work is written very accessibly for nonprogrammers. Writers, designers, and students just starting to acquire Web technology skills will find Ray's style approachable. Concepts are introduced in a logical flow, and explained clearly. Code samples (130+), illustrations and screen shots (50+), and numerous tables are distributed throughout the text. Ray uses a modified DocBook DTD and a checkbook example throughout, introducing concepts in early chapters and adding new concepts to them. Readers become familiar with the code and its evolution through repeated exposure. The code for converting the "barebones DocBook" DTD (10 pages of code) to HTML via XSLT stylesheet occupies 19 pages. Both code examples allow the learner to sec an accumulation of snippets incorporated into a sensible whole. While experienced programmers might not need this type of support, nonprogrammers certainly do. Using the checkbook example is an inspired choice: Most of us are familiar with personal checking, even if few of us world build an XML application for it. Learning XML is an excellent textbook. I've used it for several years as a recommended text for adult continuing education courses and workshops."

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Date

30. 3.2003 10:50:22

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Date

14. 8.2004 10:39:22

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Date

28. 1.2006 19:01:22

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Footnote

Rez. in: XML Magazin und Web Services 2003, H.1, S.14 (S. Meyen): "Seit dem 22. Februar 1999 ist das Resource Description Framework (RDF) als W3C-Empfehlung verfügbar. Doch was steckt hinter diesem Standard, der das Zeitalter des Semantischen Webs einläuten soll? Was RDF bedeutet, wozu man es einsetzt, welche Vorteile es gegenüber XML hat und wie man RDF anwendet, soll in diesem Artikel erläutert werden. Schlägt man das Buch auf und beginnt, im EinleitungsKapitel zu schmökern, fällt sogleich ins Auge, dass der Leser nicht mit Lektionen im Stile von "bei XML sind die spitzen Klammern ganz wichtig" belehrt wird, obgleich es sich um ein Buch für Anfänger handelt. Im Gegenteil: Es geht gleich zur Sache und eine gesunde Mischung an Vorkenntnissen wird vorausgesetzt. Wer sich heute für XML interessiert, der hat ja mit 99-prozentiger Wahrscheinlichkeit schon seine einschlägigen Erfahrungen mit HTML und dem Web gemacht und ist kein Newbie in dem Reich der spitzen Klammern und der (einigermaßen) wohlformatierten Dokumente. Und hier liegt eine deutliche Stärke des Werkes Helmut Vonhoegens, der seinen Einsteiger-Leser recht gut einzuschätzen weiß und ihn daher praxisnah und verständlich ans Thema heranführt. Das dritte Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit der Document Type Definition (DTD) und beschreibt deren Einsatzziele und Verwendungsweisen. Doch betont der Autor hier unablässig die Begrenztheit dieses Ansatzes, welche den Ruf nach einem neuen Konzept deutlich macht: XML Schema, welches er im folgenden Kapitel darstellt. Ein recht ausführliches Kapitel widmet sich dann dem relativ aktuellen XML Schema-Konzept und erläutert dessen Vorzüge gegenüber der DTD (Modellierung komplexer Datenstrukturen, Unterstützung zahlreicher Datentypen, Zeichenbegrenzungen u.v.m.). XML Schema legt, so erfährt der Leser, wie die alte DTD, das Vokabular und die zulässige Grammatik eines XML-Dokuments fest, ist aber seinerseits ebenfalls ein XML-Dokument und kann (bzw. sollte) wie jedes andere XML auf Wohlgeformtheit überprüft werden. Weitere Kapitel behandeln die Navigations-Standards XPath, XLink und XPointer, Transformationen mit XSLT und XSL und natürlich die XML-Programmierschnittstellen DOM und SAX. Dabei kommen verschiedene Implementierungen zum Einsatz und erfreulicherweise werden Microsoft-Ansätze auf der einen und Java/Apache-Projekte auf der anderen Seite in ungefähr vergleichbarem Umfang vorgestellt. Im letzten Kapitel schließlich behandelt Vonhoegen die obligatorischen Web Services ("Webdienste") als Anwendungsfall von XML und demonstriert ein kleines C#- und ASP-basiertes Beispiel (das Java-Äquivalent mit Apache Axis fehlt leider). "Einstieg in XML" präsentiert seinen Stoff in klar verständlicher Form und versteht es, seine Leser auf einem guten Niveau "abzuholen". Es bietet einen guten Überblick über die Grundlagen von XML und kann - zumindest derzeit noch - mit recht hoher Aktualität aufwarten."

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Date

22. 6.2005 15:12:11