Search (133 results, page 1 of 7)

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Footnote

Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].

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LCSH

Communication / Technological innovations

Subject

Communication / Technological innovations

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Source

Politische Meinung. 381(2001) Nr.1, S.65-74 [https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgfe.de%2Ffileadmin%2FOrdnerRedakteure%2FSektionen%2FSek02_AEW%2FKWF%2FPublikationen_Reihe_1989-2003%2FBand_17%2FBd_17_1994_355-406_A.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2KcbRsHy5UQ9QRIUyuOLNi]

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Source

http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_

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Date

15. 7.2002 14:22:55

PRECIS

Society / Effects of technological development in information systems

Subject

Society / Effects of technological development in information systems

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Abstract

The development of electronic publishing heralds a new period in scientific communications. Besides the obvious advantages of an almost endless storage and transport capacity, many new features come to the fore. As each technology finds its own expressions in the ways scientific communication take form, we analyse print on paper scientific articles in order to obtain the necessary ingredients for shping a new model for electronic communications. A short historical overview shows that the typical form of the present-day linear (essay-type) scientific article is the result of a technological development over the centuries. The various characteristics of print on paper are discussed and the foreseeable changes to a more modular form of communication in an electronic environment are postulated. Subsequently we take the functions of the present-day scientific article vis-à-vis the author and the reader as starting points. We then focus on the process of scientific information transfer and deal essentially with the information consumption by the reader. Different types of information, at present intermingled in the linear article, can be separated and stored in well-defined, cognitive, textual modules. To serve the scientists better in finding their way through the information overload of today, we conclude that the electronic transfer of the future will be, in essence, a transfer of well-defined, cognitive information modules. In the last part pf this article we outline the first steps towards a heuristic model for such scientific information transfer

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Abstract

The paper discusses the applicability of contemporary knowledge theories to the study of information and knowledge as conditions of the survival and development of social organizations. Its relevance is connected to the importance that the variability of environmental conditions acquired from the acceleration of time and the relocation of space, as a result of the contemporary technological innovations. The majority of the managerial models, which focus on the production of information and organizational knowledge, share premises originated from a view of the world based on the myth of absolute objectivity. According to this interpretation, the organizational issue is related to the identification of procedures and rules, which enable the organizations to reach an optimal position in relation to the environmental conditions they face. Reflection on information and knowledge in organizations based on presuppositions of contemporary knowledge theories treats the relevance of circumstantial factors in the organization-environment context acknowledging the fact that the specifics in each organization are, at the same time, the contingency and the possibility of its survival. In this context, learning is not a procedure that can be normalized or generalized, but a process and a product of the survival of the organization. Keeping in mind the distance between this approach and the current patterns and methods - scientific knowledge based on the Cartesian method - the article focuses on the consequences of the hegemony of the scientific model of phenomena explanation - the myth of absolute objectivity - on the potential of the contemporary knowledge theory biology of knowing, or autopoiesis theory, by Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela, which is based on the premise that, for the study of organizations, the perception of the object/phenomenon, and its interpretation, is not reachable outside the perceptive experience itself

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Imprint

Pacific Grove, CA : Brooks Cole Publishing Co.

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Abstract

I have become "brutally honest" of late, at least according to one listener who heard my remarks during a recent whistle stop speaking tour of publishing conventions. This comment caught me a little off guard. Not that I haven't always been frank, but I do try never to be brutal. The truth, I guess, can be painful, even if the intention of the teller is simply objectivity. This paper is based on a "brutally honest" talk I have been giving to publishers, first, in February, to the Association of American Publishers' Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division, at which point I was calling the piece, "The Illusion of Free Information." It was this initial rendition that led to the invitation to publish something here. Since then I've been working on the talk. I gave a second version of it in March to the assembly of the American Society of Information Dissemination Centers, where I called it, "When Sectors Clash: Public Access vs. Private Interest." And, most recently, I gave yet a third version of it to the governing board of the American Institute of Physics. This time I called it: "The Future of Society Publishing." The notion of free information, our government's proper role in distributing free information, and the future of scholarly publishing in a world of free information . . . these are the issues that are floating around in my head. My goal here is to tell you where my thinking is only at this moment, for I reserve the right to continue thinking and developing new permutations on this mentally challenging theme.

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Abstract

Summarises of a selection of the presentations and workshops under one of the main themes at the Association of Swiss Libraries and Librarians congress held in Yverdon, Sept 1998. Sessions covered comprise: the evolution of Diderot's Encyclopedia (presentation of the confluence of oral and written traditions, in relation to the network of informal contacts underpinning this 18th century work); influence of the written work on our cultural tradition in relation to access to new means of communication (presentation on the respective roles of ideogrammatic and phonomatic representation, and the role of the book as bridge to other media); typographical ornamentation on the Internet (workshop on identifying the provenance of printed material and the Passe-Partout ornament bank, which uses new technology to create a metacatalogue); and publishing memory (workshop on a Swiss foundation seeking to promote, preserve and disseminate contemporary publishing

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyse the extent to which understanding information science (IS) and information retrieval (IR) as disciplines characterised by intractable dilemmas is a useful conceptual framework through reviewing and re-evaluating an important contribution to the field in light of more recent developments. Design/methodology/approach - This paper reviews the discussion of central dilemmas within IS and IR, through literature review and conceptual analysis. It assesses the extent to which they remain intractable problems or whether improved solutions have been developed and discusses the implications of these ongoing challenges. The main problem addressed is, in Neill's terminology, "the dilemma of the subjective in information organisation and retrieval" which is understood as the problem of how the meaning of documents can be represented to meet the needs of the user. Findings - Many of the dilemmas discussed within IS and IR remain fairly intractable primarily because information and meaning have both subjective and objective qualities which often have a complex relationship. Recent technological developments have, however, altered the nature of some of these dilemmas and also created some new dilemmas for the subject. Research implications/limitations - Historical perspectives within IR and IS should be used when discussing theoretical and technological developments in the subject. The conceptual framework of dilemmas remains a useful theoretical tool for IS and IR in terms of examining the nature of problems in research and practice. Originality/value - This paper re-visits an important theme in IS and IR and provides an updated perspective on some central issues.

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Abstract

Conceptualizes 'information theory' as a collective term for all information related theoretical models produced by a number of disciplines. There is a consensus in the scholarly community that information science and informatics does not, at present, have a focused systematic foundation of theoretical knowledge. Argues that this open endedness of the theoretical context can work to the advantage of the information sciences because of its capacity to accomodate future multidisciplinary research results. Briefly reviews the characteristics of information theories and offers perspectives on the implications of these characteristics for information planning and practice. Concludes that information research, including individual, societal, environmental and technological aspects, benefits from the flexibility of an open conceptual framework that closely resembles the dynamic world or reality

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Abstract

Technological changes are occuring rapidly and students entering colleges are bringing very disparate computer skills and attitudes. Some students are reluctant to embrace new technologies, others demand electronic resources for all assignments. By considering the computer access and Internet resources available to elementary school students today, it is possible to imagine what tomorrow's users will expect from libraries. Although college students may arrive at libraries with increased computer skills, their knowledge of electronic information may be lacking. Defines information literacy with an overview of information literacy skills. The Digital Information Literacy programme at Texas University at Austin serves as a case study for integrating information literacy skills into traditional services and partnerships

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Abstract

This article discusses the historiography of information. It argues that information history is represented by (at least) six well-defined subdisciplines (archival history, book and publishing history, communication history, computing history, information science history, and library history), each in agreement about its own methods and core literature, but which it shares with none of the other five. The article identifies books that could be read in graduate-level courses on information history that are taught either chronologically or thematically. It also identifies historical questions that cut across the six subdisciplines.

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Abstract

The government world currently lags behind the business world in feeling the effects of the information technology revolution and related innovations in organization, but this may change in the decades ahead. Puts forward the idea of 'cyberocracy' to discuss how the development of, demand for, and access to, future electronic information and communications infrastructures (i.e. cyberspace) may alter the nature of the bureaucracy. The outcomes may include new forms of democratic, totalitarian, and hybrid governments. Optimism about the information revolution should be tempered

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Abstract

Management information systems (MIS) is a young and dynamic technological discipline that is greatly in need of a theoretical foundation in order to be recognized as an academic field. A key to this search is the construction of a paradigm which engulfs a set of objects that is genuinely indigenous to MIS. This study is a modest attempt to identify this set of objects and to construct a simple model based on them. A basic entity model is constructed to provide a better understanding for the fundamental theory of information. The model identifies the four basic entities which define the scope of information theory and establishes the 4 fundamental postulates which can serve as its foundation. The 4 basic entities are data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. The order of the entity as specified is important. Each entity is transformed to the next higher one during entity processing reduces the entropy of the entity so that further analysis can be executed more systematically. This concept enforces the fact that all computerized information systems also have a similar basic role

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Abstract

Information science is currently dominated by 2 paradigms: one emphasises information retrieval as a technological process, based on natural sciences; the other derives from the social sciences, focusing on the information process as a communication act. The first is based on the structure of atoms, the second as people as collective actors. In Brazil the social science approach predominates, chiefly through the influence of 3 currents of thought: American liberalism; German social democracy and French post-structuralism. The ideas of the chief exponents of these theories have been developed by Brazilian researchers, introducing elements from political economy, quantum physics, linguistics, social science and epistemology. This interdisciplinarity is the key to unity in information science

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Abstract

Reports on a survey of teenagers at a school in Edinburgh, Scotland, conducted as part of the Household Information System (HIS) project at Queen Margaret College. HIS has attempted to apply organizational models of information management to non organizational contexts such as households. Information management concepts have also been complemented by reference to research from sociology and media and cultural studies into the domestic consumption of technologies. Previous HIS research has suggested that notions of technological convergence proposed by producers and suppliers of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are not shared by consumers who prefer to keep their television and computing devioces separate. Television is most often associated with relaxation and entertainment, computing with work and education. However, there is some evidence that expertise with regard to new ICTs is the province of children rather than adults in many homes, a trend which may indicate as inversion of traditional patterns of knowledge dispersal in adult child relationships

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Abstract

This article attempts to lay down theoretical groundwork for information retrieval that involves the combinded efforts of several users. It is argued that the fundamental intellectual problems of IR are the production and consumption of knowledge. Knowledge production is fundamentally a collaborative labor, which is deeply embedded in the practices of a community of participants constituing a domain. The current technological advances in networked systems make the intertextual and intersubjective nature of meaning production and communication readily visible by merging various heterogeneous media into the homogenizing framework of the digital medium. Collaborative IR as envisaged in this article would be based on the ethos of voluntary cooperation to facilitate free exchange of ideas and stimulate creativity. What sorts of functionalities can be expected in a Collaborative IR system are illustrated with the help of some examples of collaborative systems and services from various domains