Search (4327 results, page 2 of 217)

0.0859214 = product of:
  0.1718428 = sum of:
    0.1718428 = sum of:
      0.11650113 = weight(_text_:engines in 7268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11650113 = score(doc=7268,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.44908544 = fieldWeight in 7268, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7268)
      0.055341665 = weight(_text_:22 in 7268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.055341665 = score(doc=7268,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 7268, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7268)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

First of a 3 part series discussing how to access and use Web search engines on the Internet. Distinguishes between FTP sites, Gopher sites, Usenet News sites and Web sites. Considers subject searching versus keyword; how to improve search strategies and success rates; bookmarks; Yahoo!, Lycos; InfoSeek; Magellan; Excite; Inktomi; HotBot and AltaVista

Date

6. 3.1997 16:22:15

0.0859214 = product of:
  0.1718428 = sum of:
    0.1718428 = sum of:
      0.11650113 = weight(_text_:engines in 2288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11650113 = score(doc=2288,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.44908544 = fieldWeight in 2288, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2288)
      0.055341665 = weight(_text_:22 in 2288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.055341665 = score(doc=2288,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2288, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2288)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Presents an interview with E. Liddy, president and CEO of Textwise, a US research and development company designing advanced natural language search engines for government and commercial clients. Describes the company's current products and projects for 1998, and considers how these new advanced information analysis systems will affect the role of information professionals

Source

Searcher. 6(1998) no.3, S.19-22

0.0859214 = product of:
  0.1718428 = sum of:
    0.1718428 = sum of:
      0.11650113 = weight(_text_:engines in 5937) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11650113 = score(doc=5937,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.44908544 = fieldWeight in 5937, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5937)
      0.055341665 = weight(_text_:22 in 5937) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.055341665 = score(doc=5937,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 5937, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5937)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

14. 6.2001 12:22:31

0.0859214 = product of:
  0.1718428 = sum of:
    0.1718428 = sum of:
      0.11650113 = weight(_text_:engines in 2289) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11650113 = score(doc=2289,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.44908544 = fieldWeight in 2289, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2289)
      0.055341665 = weight(_text_:22 in 2289) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.055341665 = score(doc=2289,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2289, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2289)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

This paper looks at current trends in knowledge organization research, concentrating an universal systems, mapping vocabularies and interoperability concerns, problems of blas, the Internet and search engines, resource discovery, thesauri and visual presentation. Some Problems facing researchers at the present time are discussed. It is accompanied by a bibliography of recent work in the field.

Date

10. 6.2004 19:22:56

0.084872834 = sum of:
  0.06757856 = product of:
    0.20273568 = sum of:
      0.20273568 = weight(_text_:3a in 3577) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.20273568 = score(doc=3577,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.43287367 = queryWeight, product of:
            8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.46834838 = fieldWeight in 3577, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3577)
    0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.01729427 = product of:
    0.03458854 = sum of:
      0.03458854 = weight(_text_:22 in 3577) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03458854 = score(doc=3577,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 3577, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3577)
    0.5 = coord(1/2)

Content

1. Agrarwissenschaften 1981. - 3. Allgemeine Geographie 2.1972. - 3a. Allgemeine Naturwissenschaften 1.1973. - 4. Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Allgemeine Literaturwissenschaft 2.1971. - 6. Allgemeines. 5.1983. - 7. Anglistik 3.1976. - 8. Astronomie, Geodäsie 4.1977. - 12. bio Biologie, bcp Biochemie-Biophysik, bot Botanik, zoo Zoologie 1981. - 13. Bremensien 3.1983. - 13a. Buch- und Bibliothekswesen 3.1975. - 14. Chemie 4.1977. - 14a. Elektrotechnik 1974. - 15 Ethnologie 2.1976. - 16,1. Geowissenschaften. Sachteil 3.1977. - 16,2. Geowissenschaften. Regionaler Teil 3.1977. - 17. Germanistik 6.1984. - 17a,1. Geschichte. Teilsystematik hil. - 17a,2. Geschichte. Teilsystematik his Neuere Geschichte. - 17a,3. Geschichte. Teilsystematik hit Neueste Geschichte. - 18. Humanbiologie 2.1983. - 19. Ingenieurwissenschaften 1974. - 20. siehe 14a. - 21. klassische Philologie 3.1977. - 22. Klinische Medizin 1975. - 23. Kunstgeschichte 2.1971. - 24. Kybernetik. 2.1975. - 25. Mathematik 3.1974. - 26. Medizin 1976. - 26a. Militärwissenschaft 1985. - 27. Musikwissenschaft 1978. - 27a. Noten 2.1974. - 28. Ozeanographie 3.1977. -29. Pädagogik 8.1985. - 30. Philosphie 3.1974. - 31. Physik 3.1974. - 33. Politik, Politische Wissenschaft, Sozialwissenschaft. Soziologie. Länderschlüssel. Register 1981. - 34. Psychologie 2.1972. - 35. Publizistik und Kommunikationswissenschaft 1985. - 36. Rechtswissenschaften 1986. - 37. Regionale Geograpgie 3.1975. - 37a. Religionswissenschaft 1970. - 38. Romanistik 3.1976. - 39. Skandinavistik 4.1985. - 40. Slavistik 1977. - 40a. Sonstige Sprachen und Literaturen 1973. - 43. Sport 4.1983. - 44. Theaterwissenschaft 1985. - 45. Theologie 2.1976. - 45a. Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Archäologie 1970. - 47. Volkskunde 1976. - 47a. Wirtschaftswissenschaften 1971 // Schlüssel: 1. Länderschlüssel 1971. - 2. Formenschlüssel (Kurzform) 1974. - 3. Personenschlüssel Literatur 5. Fassung 1968

0.08253718 = product of:
  0.16507436 = sum of:
    0.16507436 = sum of:
      0.12356812 = weight(_text_:engines in 93) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.12356812 = score(doc=93,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.47632706 = fieldWeight in 93, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=93)
      0.041506246 = weight(_text_:22 in 93) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.041506246 = score(doc=93,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 93, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=93)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

17. 4.2012 14:25:22

Footnote

Vgl.: http://www.igi-global.com/book/next-generation-search-engines/64421.

Source

Next generation search engines: advanced models for information retrieval. Eds.: C. Jouis, u.a

0.08253718 = product of:
  0.16507436 = sum of:
    0.16507436 = sum of:
      0.12356812 = weight(_text_:engines in 108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.12356812 = score(doc=108,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.47632706 = fieldWeight in 108, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=108)
      0.041506246 = weight(_text_:22 in 108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.041506246 = score(doc=108,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 108, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=108)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

20. 4.2012 13:19:22

Footnote

Vgl.: http://www.igi-global.com/book/next-generation-search-engines/64434.

Source

Next generation search engines: advanced models for information retrieval. Eds.: C. Jouis, u.a

0.08109427 = product of:
  0.16218854 = sum of:
    0.16218854 = product of:
      0.48656562 = sum of:
        0.48656562 = weight(_text_:3a in 973) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.48656562 = score(doc=973,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.43287367 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051058397 = queryNorm
            1.1240361 = fieldWeight in 973, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=973)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Content

Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fcreativechoice.org%2Fdoc%2FHansJonas.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1TM3teaYKgABL5H9yoIifA&opi=89978449.

0.080589466 = product of:
  0.16117893 = sum of:
    0.16117893 = product of:
      0.32235786 = sum of:
        0.32235786 = weight(_text_:engines in 3876) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.32235786 = score(doc=3876,freq=20.0), product of:
            0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
              5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051058397 = queryNorm
            1.2426164 = fieldWeight in 3876, product of:
              4.472136 = tf(freq=20.0), with freq of:
                20.0 = termFreq=20.0
              5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3876)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

This entry provides an overview of Web search engines, looking at the definition, components, leading engines, searching capabilities, and types of engines. It examines the components that make up a search engine and briefly discusses the process involved in identifying content for the engines' databases and the indexing of that content. Typical search options are reviewed and the major Web search engines are identified and described. Also identified and described are various specialty search engines, such as those for special content such as video and images, and engines that take significantly different approaches to the search problem, such as visualization engines and metasearch engines.

0.080352366 = product of:
  0.16070473 = sum of:
    0.16070473 = sum of:
      0.12611619 = weight(_text_:engines in 444) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.12611619 = score(doc=444,freq=6.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.4861493 = fieldWeight in 444, product of:
            2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
              6.0 = termFreq=6.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=444)
      0.03458854 = weight(_text_:22 in 444) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03458854 = score(doc=444,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 444, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=444)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

This paper aims to review the fiercely discussed question of whether the ranking of Wikipedia articles in search engines is justified by the quality of the articles. After an overview of current research on information quality in Wikipedia, a summary of the extended discussion on the quality of encyclopedic entries in general is given. On this basis, a heuristic method for evaluating Wikipedia entries is developed and applied to Wikipedia articles that scored highly in a search engine retrieval effectiveness test and compared with the relevance judgment of jurors. In all search engines tested, Wikipedia results are unanimously judged better by the jurors than other results on the corresponding results position. Relevance judgments often roughly correspond with the results from the heuristic evaluation. Cases in which high relevance judgments are not in accordance with the comparatively low score from the heuristic evaluation are interpreted as an indicator of a high degree of trust in Wikipedia. One of the systemic shortcomings of Wikipedia lies in its necessarily incoherent user model. A further tuning of the suggested criteria catalog, for instance, the different weighing of the supplied criteria, could serve as a starting point for a user model differentiated evaluation of Wikipedia articles. Approved methods of quality evaluation of reference works are applied to Wikipedia articles and integrated with the question of search engine evaluation.

Date

30. 9.2012 19:27:22

0.07705826 = product of:
  0.15411653 = sum of:
    0.15411653 = product of:
      0.30823305 = sum of:
        0.30823305 = weight(_text_:engines in 1190) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.30823305 = score(doc=1190,freq=14.0), product of:
            0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
              5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051058397 = queryNorm
            1.1881685 = fieldWeight in 1190, product of:
              3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
                14.0 = termFreq=14.0
              5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1190)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Metasearch engines reduce the burden to users of search engines by dispatching queries to multiple search engines in parallel. The SavvySearch metasearch engine is designed to effiently query other search engines by carefully selecting those search engines likely to return useful results and responding to fluctuating load demands on the WWW. SavvySearch learns to identify which search engines are most appropriate for particular queries, reasons about resource demands, and represents an iterative parallel search strategy as a simple plan

0.07566971 = product of:
  0.15133943 = sum of:
    0.15133943 = product of:
      0.30267885 = sum of:
        0.30267885 = weight(_text_:engines in 5666) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.30267885 = score(doc=5666,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
              5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051058397 = queryNorm
            1.1667583 = fieldWeight in 5666, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5666)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

A meta-list of 11 other sites that critique search engines

Content

Hinweis auf Beiträge zu den verschiedenen search engines des Internet

0.07518122 = product of:
  0.15036245 = sum of:
    0.15036245 = sum of:
      0.10193849 = weight(_text_:engines in 3604) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.10193849 = score(doc=3604,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.39294976 = fieldWeight in 3604, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3604)
      0.048423957 = weight(_text_:22 in 3604) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.048423957 = score(doc=3604,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 3604, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3604)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Presents Inquirus, a WWW meta search engine which works by downloading and analysing the individual documents. It makes improvements over existing search engines in a number of areas: more useful document summaries incorporating query term context, identification of both pages which no longer exist and pages which no longer contain the query terms, advanced detection of duplicate pages, improved document ranking using proximity information, dramatically improved precision for certain queries by using specific expressive forms, and quick jump links and highlighting when viewing the full document

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

0.07518122 = product of:
  0.15036245 = sum of:
    0.15036245 = sum of:
      0.10193849 = weight(_text_:engines in 5296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.10193849 = score(doc=5296,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.39294976 = fieldWeight in 5296, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5296)
      0.048423957 = weight(_text_:22 in 5296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.048423957 = score(doc=5296,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 5296, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5296)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

User interfaces of Web search engines reflect attributes of the underlying tools used to create them, rather than what we know about how people look for information. In this article, the author examines several characteristics of user search behavior: the variety of information-seeking goals, the cultural and situational context of search, and the iterative nature of the search task. An analysis of these characteristics suggests ways that interfaces can be redesigned to make searching more effective for users.

Date

22. 7.2006 17:58:06

0.07453031 = product of:
  0.14906062 = sum of:
    0.14906062 = sum of:
      0.12484865 = weight(_text_:engines in 2752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.12484865 = score(doc=2752,freq=12.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.48126322 = fieldWeight in 2752, product of:
            3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
              12.0 = termFreq=12.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=2752)
      0.024211979 = weight(_text_:22 in 2752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.024211979 = score(doc=2752,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 2752, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=2752)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

The doctoral thesis of Tatiana Gossen formulates criteria and guidelines on how to design the user interfaces of search engines for children. In her work, the author identifies the conceptual challenges based on own and previous user studies and addresses the changing characteristics of the users by providing a means of adaptation. Additionally, a novel type of search result visualisation for children with cartoon style characters is developed taking children's preference for visual information into account.

Content

Inhalt: Acknowledgments; Abstract; Zusammenfassung; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Acronyms; Chapter 1 Introduction ; 1.1 Research Questions; 1.2 Thesis Outline; Part I Fundamentals ; Chapter 2 Information Retrieval for Young Users ; 2.1 Basics of Information Retrieval; 2.1.1 Architecture of an IR System; 2.1.2 Relevance Ranking; 2.1.3 Search User Interfaces; 2.1.4 Targeted Search Engines; 2.2 Aspects of Child Development Relevant for Information Retrieval Tasks; 2.2.1 Human Cognitive Development; 2.2.2 Information Processing Theory; 2.2.3 Psychosocial Development 2.3 User Studies and Evaluation2.3.1 Methods in User Studies; 2.3.2 Types of Evaluation; 2.3.3 Evaluation with Children; 2.4 Discussion; Chapter 3 State of the Art ; 3.1 Children's Information-Seeking Behaviour; 3.1.1 Querying Behaviour; 3.1.2 Search Strategy; 3.1.3 Navigation Style; 3.1.4 User Interface; 3.1.5 Relevance Judgement; 3.2 Existing Algorithms and User Interface Concepts for Children; 3.2.1 Query; 3.2.2 Content; 3.2.3 Ranking; 3.2.4 Search Result Visualisation; 3.3 Existing Information Retrieval Systems for Children; 3.3.1 Digital Book Libraries; 3.3.2 Web Search Engines 3.4 Summary and DiscussionPart II Studying Open Issues ; Chapter 4 Usability of Existing Search Engines for Young Users ; 4.1 Assessment Criteria; 4.1.1 Criteria for Matching the Motor Skills; 4.1.2 Criteria for Matching the Cognitive Skills; 4.2 Results; 4.2.1 Conformance with Motor Skills; 4.2.2 Conformance with the Cognitive Skills; 4.2.3 Presentation of Search Results; 4.2.4 Browsing versus Searching; 4.2.5 Navigational Style; 4.3 Summary and Discussion; Chapter 5 Large-scale Analysis of Children's Queries and Search Interactions; 5.1 Dataset; 5.2 Results; 5.3 Summary and Discussion Chapter 6 Differences in Usability and Perception of Targeted Web Search Engines between Children and Adults 6.1 Related Work; 6.2 User Study; 6.3 Study Results; 6.4 Summary and Discussion; Part III Tackling the Challenges ; Chapter 7 Search User Interface Design for Children ; 7.1 Conceptual Challenges and Possible Solutions; 7.2 Knowledge Journey Design; 7.3 Evaluation; 7.3.1 Study Design; 7.3.2 Study Results; 7.4 Voice-Controlled Search: Initial Study; 7.4.1 User Study; 7.5 Summary and Discussion; Chapter 8 Addressing User Diversity ; 8.1 Evolving Search User Interface 8.1.1 Mapping Function8.1.2 Evolving Skills; 8.1.3 Detection of User Abilities; 8.1.4 Design Concepts; 8.2 Adaptation of a Search User Interface towards User Needs; 8.2.1 Design & Implementation; 8.2.2 Search Input; 8.2.3 Result Output; 8.2.4 General Properties; 8.2.5 Configuration and Further Details; 8.3 Evaluation; 8.3.1 Study Design; 8.3.2 Study Results; 8.3.3 Preferred UI Settings; 8.3.4 User satisfaction; 8.4 Knowledge Journey Exhibit; 8.4.1 Hardware; 8.4.2 Frontend; 8.4.3 Backend; 8.5 Summary and Discussion; Chapter 9 Supporting Visual Searchers in Processing Search Results 9.1 Related Work

Date

1. 2.2016 18:25:22

0.072085984 = product of:
  0.14417197 = sum of:
    0.14417197 = sum of:
      0.11650113 = weight(_text_:engines in 2741) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11650113 = score(doc=2741,freq=8.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.44908544 = fieldWeight in 2741, product of:
            2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
              8.0 = termFreq=8.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2741)
      0.027670832 = weight(_text_:22 in 2741) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.027670832 = score(doc=2741,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 2741, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2741)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

This study seeks to find out how human beings cluster Web pages naturally. Twenty Web pages retrieved by the Northem Light search engine for each of 10 queries were sorted by 3 subjects into categories that were natural or meaningful to them. lt was found that different subjects clustered the same set of Web pages quite differently and created different categories. The average inter-subject similarity of the clusters created was a low 0.27. Subjects created an average of 5.4 clusters for each sorting. The categories constructed can be divided into 10 types. About 1/3 of the categories created were topical. Another 20% of the categories relate to the degree of relevance or usefulness. The rest of the categories were subject-independent categories such as format, purpose, authoritativeness and direction to other sources. The authors plan to develop automatic methods for categorizing Web pages using the common categories created by the subjects. lt is hoped that the techniques developed can be used by Web search engines to automatically organize Web pages retrieved into categories that are natural to users. 1. Introduction The World Wide Web is an increasingly important source of information for people globally because of its ease of access, the ease of publishing, its ability to transcend geographic and national boundaries, its flexibility and heterogeneity and its dynamic nature. However, Web users also find it increasingly difficult to locate relevant and useful information in this vast information storehouse. Web search engines, despite their scope and power, appear to be quite ineffective. They retrieve too many pages, and though they attempt to rank retrieved pages in order of probable relevance, often the relevant documents do not appear in the top-ranked 10 or 20 documents displayed. Several studies have found that users do not know how to use the advanced features of Web search engines, and do not know how to formulate and re-formulate queries. Users also typically exert minimal effort in performing, evaluating and refining their searches, and are unwilling to scan more than 10 or 20 items retrieved (Jansen, Spink, Bateman & Saracevic, 1998). This suggests that the conventional ranked-list display of search results does not satisfy user requirements, and that better ways of presenting and summarizing search results have to be developed. One promising approach is to group retrieved pages into clusters or categories to allow users to navigate immediately to the "promising" clusters where the most useful Web pages are likely to be located. This approach has been adopted by a number of search engines (notably Northem Light) and search agents.

Date

12. 9.2004 9:56:22

0.06878099 = product of:
  0.13756198 = sum of:
    0.13756198 = sum of:
      0.10297343 = weight(_text_:engines in 2456) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.10297343 = score(doc=2456,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.39693922 = fieldWeight in 2456, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2456)
      0.03458854 = weight(_text_:22 in 2456) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03458854 = score(doc=2456,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 2456, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2456)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

The use of non-English Web search engines has been prevalent. Given the popularity of Chinese Web searching and the unique characteristics of Chinese language, it is imperative to conduct studies with focuses on the analysis of Chinese Web search queries. In this paper, we report our research on the character usage of Chinese search logs from a Web search engine in Hong Kong. By examining the distribution of search query terms, we found that users tended to use more diversified terms and that the usage of characters in search queries was quite different from the character usage of general online information in Chinese. After studying the Zipf distribution of n-grams with different values of n, we found that the curve of unigram is the most curved one of all while the bigram curve follows the Zipf distribution best, and that the curves of n-grams with larger n (n = 3-6) had similar structures with ?-values in the range of 0.66-0.86. The distribution of combined n-grams was also studied. All the analyses are performed on the data both before and after the removal of function terms and incomplete terms and similar findings are revealed. We believe the findings from this study have provided some insights into further research in non-English Web searching and will assist in the design of more effective Chinese Web search engines.

Date

22.11.2008 17:57:22

0.06878099 = product of:
  0.13756198 = sum of:
    0.13756198 = sum of:
      0.10297343 = weight(_text_:engines in 5288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.10297343 = score(doc=5288,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.25941864 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.39693922 = fieldWeight in 5288, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            5.080822 = idf(docFreq=746, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5288)
      0.03458854 = weight(_text_:22 in 5288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03458854 = score(doc=5288,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051058397 = queryNorm
          0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 5288, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5288)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a new method to improve the analysis of search engine results by considering the provider level as well as the domain level. This approach is tested by conducting a study using queries on the topic of insurance comparisons. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an empirical study that analyses the results of search queries aimed at comparing insurance companies. The authors used a self-developed software system that automatically queries commercial search engines and automatically extracts the content of the returned result pages for further data analysis. The data analysis was carried out using the KNIME Analytics Platform. Findings Google's top search results are served by only a few providers that frequently appear in these results. The authors show that some providers operate several domains on the same topic and that these domains appear for the same queries in the result lists. Research limitations/implications The authors demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and draw conclusions for further investigations from the empirical study. However, the study is a limited use case based on a limited number of search queries. Originality/value The proposed method allows large-scale analysis of the composition of the top results from commercial search engines. It allows using valid empirical data to determine what users actually see on the search engine result pages.

Date

20. 1.2015 18:30:22

0.06848182 = product of:
  0.13696364 = sum of:
    0.13696364 = product of:
      0.27392727 = sum of:
        0.27392727 = weight(_text_:22 in 219) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.27392727 = score(doc=219,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051058397 = queryNorm
            1.5320505 = fieldWeight in 219, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=219)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

22. 5.1998 20:02:22

0.06848182 = product of:
  0.13696364 = sum of:
    0.13696364 = product of:
      0.27392727 = sum of:
        0.27392727 = weight(_text_:22 in 1386) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.27392727 = score(doc=1386,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.17879781 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051058397 = queryNorm
            1.5320505 = fieldWeight in 1386, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=1386)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

22. 5.1998 20:02:22