-
Houser, J.: ¬The visual vocabulary of the graphical environment (1996)
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- Abstract
- Identifies the visual vocabulary of use in the graphic user interface (GUI) environment. Offers tips on using GUIs to the user's advantage, highlighting areas which frequently cause confusion. Presents a thesaurus of GUI terms
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:03:57
-
Dyson, M.; Box, H.; Twyman, M.: ¬The perception of symbols on screen and methods of retrieval from a database (1994)
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- Abstract
- Report of a 2 year research project on symbols carried out by Reading University, Department of Typography and Graphic Communication. The research is divided into 2 parts: the perception of symbols and their legibility or discriminability; and methods of retrieval of symbols from image databases containing symbols. The aim of the research is to provide a useful basis for future work on the automatic recognition of symbols and their components and on methods if image enhancement
-
Sherman, R.J.: ¬The electronic book (1993)
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- Abstract
- Describes the Electronic Book (EB) standard developed by the Sony Corporation. It defines compatibility with ISO 9660, the international standard for file structures on CD-ROM. The EB standard defines search methods according to word search, endword search, keyword search, menu search, multi search, graphic search and linking. Provides a summary of EB players covering the Sony DD1-EX, DD8, DD-DR1 and Panasonic KXEBP1. Discusses EB software
-
Rowbotham, J.: Librarians - architects of the future? (1999)
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- Abstract
- This article explores the reasons why librarians should be at the heart of Internet site development. There are two distinct ways in which librarians can most effectively contribute to this medium. The first is by getting involved in information architecture. This new discipline requires skills such as expertise in search techniques and navigational logic, and generally involves the librarian working closely with graphic designers to create a firm foundation for the site. The second area is the role librarians can play in the structuring of the data which drives the site (data management).
- Date
- 21. 1.2007 14:22:02
-
Percival, J.M.: Graphic interfaces and online information (1990)
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- Abstract
- Reviews the growing importance of the graphic user interface, and describes an evaluation of Apple's HyperCard package as a potential interface to electronic mail and on-line commercial data bases
-
Dyson, M.C.: How do you describe a symbol? : the problem involved in retrieving symbols from a database (1992)
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- Abstract
- Identifies the need for a suitable information system for retrieving images from a database. Various search objectives are described which cannot be met by current retrieval methods. A number of approaches to the problem are discussed and the advantages of a flexible classification system are highlighted. By analysing the formal attributes of symbols, a classification structure is derived which starts with a division into graphic, semantic and bibliographic dimensions. 2 experimental tasks are used to examine user's perceptions of the features of symbols. These results can be used to fill in the detailed descriptions in the classification system
-
Taghva, K.; Borsack, J.; Condit, A.: Evaluation of model-based retrieval effectiveness with OCR text (1996)
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- Abstract
- Reports on experiments with retrieval from OCR-generated text using systems based on standard models of retrieval. Shows that average precision and recall is not affected by OCR errors across systems for several collections. Both the actual and the simulation experiments include full text and abstract length documents. The ranking and feedback methods associated with the retrieval models are generally not robust enough to deal with OCR errors. OCR errors and garbage strings generated from the mistranslation of graphic objects increase the size of the index significantly. Describes the problems of applying OCR text within an information retrieval environment and offers solutions
-
Popping, R.; Roberts, C.W.: Network approaches in text analysis (1997)
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- Abstract
- In the last decade a broad spectrum of text analysis methods have been developed. One class of these involves the building of network-depictions of texts. At present there are 4 primary approaches within this class: network evaluation, amp analysis, knowledge graphing, and functional depiction. The first two of these approaches are quantitative text analysis methods, in that they were developed to yield statistical inferences about text populations. The latter 2 approaches are qualitative, in that they offer methods whereby texts can be 'simplified', not into a concise statistical model, but into a generalized graphic representation. This paper provides brief introductions to the 4 methods, as well as to computer programs developed for each
-
Meadow, C.T.: ¬A proposed method of measuring the utility of individual information retrieval tools (1996)
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- Abstract
- Proposes a new method of evaluating information retrieval systems by concentrating on individual tools in the context of their use, rather than systems as a whole. A tool is a command, its menu or graphic interface equivalent, or a move or stratagem. A user would render an assessment of the relative success of a small part of a search, and every tool used in that part would be credited with a contribution to the result, whether positive or negative. The cumulative scores would provide an assessment of the overall utility of the tool
- Source
- Canadian journal of information and library science. 21(1996) no.1, S.22-34
-
Kopcsa, A.; Schiebel, E.: Science and technology mapping : a new iteration model for representing multidimensional relationships (1998)
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- Abstract
- Much effort has been done to develop more objective quantitative methods to analyze and integrate survey information for understanding research trends and research structures. Co-word analysis is one class of techniques that exploits the use of co-occurences of items in written information. However, there are some bottlenecks in using statistical methods to produce mappings of reduced information in a comfortable manner. On one hand, often used statistical software for PCs has restrictions for the amount for calculable data; on the other hand, the results of the mufltidimensional scaling routines are not quite satisfying. Therefore, this article introduces a new iteration model for the calculation of co-word maps that eases the problem. The iteration model is for positioning the words in the two-dimensional plane due to their connections to each other, and its consists of a quick and stabile algorithm that has been implemented with software for personal computers. A graphic module represents the data in well-known 'technology maps'
-
Information access to graphic information (1990)
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-
Nielsen, B.: Smartcom for Windows : a review (1993)
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- Abstract
- Reviews the Smartcom for Windows graphic user interface software from the specific viewpoint of what it offers the online searcher
-
Beebe, C.; Jacob, E.K.: Graphic language documents : structures and functions (1998)
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- Abstract
- This paper proposes to explore the nature of graphic language documents from the contrasting perspectives of structure and function -- from the perspectives of the document's structure as a spatially-oriented object. Using design principles derived from Gestalt theory and the Bauhaus concept that form (or structure) follows function, the paper addresses the relationship that exists between structure and function in the broad domain of graphic language documents
-
Hsieh-Yee, I.: Search tactics of Web users in searching for texts, graphics, known items and subjects : a search simulation study (1998)
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- Abstract
- Reports on a study of the search tactics used in searching the WWW and in dealing with difficulties such as too many postings and no relevant postings. Describes how the study was carried out, the analytical techniques used in it, and the results. Notes that with regard to tactics used to address search difficulties, no differences were found between searchers for texts and those for graphic information, and between those for known items and subject searches. Comments on the similarities and differences between the tactics used and and those used in online searching, including online catalogue searching
- Date
- 25.12.1998 19:22:31
-
Rahmstorf, G.: Concept structures for large vocabularies (1998)
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- Abstract
- A technology is described which supports the acquisition, visualisation and manipulation of large vocabularies with associated structures. It is used for dictionary production, terminology data bases, thesauri, library classification systems etc. Essential features of the technology are a lexicographic user interface, variable word description, unlimited list of word readings, a concept language, automatic transformations of formulas into graphic structures, structure manipulation operations and retransformation into formulas. The concept language includes notations for undefined concepts. The structure of defined concepts can be constructed interactively. The technology supports the generation of large vocabularies with structures representing word senses. Concept structures and ordering systems for indexing and retrieval can be constructed separately and connected by associating relations.
- Date
- 30.12.2001 19:01:22
-
Sauperl, A.; Saye, J.D.: Pebbles for the mosais of cataloging expertise : what do problems in expert systems for cataloging reveal about cataloging expertise? (1999)
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- Abstract
- Twenty-five years of research in expert systems for descriptive cataloging and related areas are reviewed. Researchers who developed prototype expert cataloging systems in the 1980s found that cataloging rules are extremely comprehensive and complicated, but still insufficient to permit these systems accurate cataloging results. Those researchers also identified smaller areas that need to be pursued for successful implementation of expert cataloging systems. Subsequent research has focused on narrower areas. Cataloging rules were studied and more was learned about problems with their logic structure and organization. Another focus was optical reading of bibliographic elements in documents. Categories of responsibility and graphic design continue to pose problems. The visual characteristics of documents were studied to understand more about the automatic recognition of bibliographic elements necessary for the bibliographic description of documents. The systematic study of the cataloging process, necessary for development of expert systems, may result in improvement of manual working procedures and enrich the education of new catalogers.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Cardinali, R.: ¬An analysis of productivity improvements through the use of graphic user interfaces (1993)
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- Abstract
- Reports the findings of a study, conducted by Temple, Barker and Sloane Inc., MA, which identified 7 measurable benefits of graphic user interfaces to computerized information retrieval systems; higher speed; more accurate work; higher productivity; less frustration; less fatigue, more facilities to self teach and explore system; greater facilities for novices to learn more about the system's capabilities. Concludes that, when compared with character based user interfaces, graphic user interfaces generate higher work outputs per work hour through higher productivity; higher work output per employee through lower levels of frustration and fatigue; and greater returns on information technology investment through reduced demand for user training
-
Eichler-Martin, K.: Cracking the not-immediate dilemma (1995)
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- Abstract
- Focuses on the selection of appropriate graphic information display software for use with CD-ROM databases and electronic publications in general, but with particular reference to multimedia CD-ROM databases
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Galinski, C.; Picht, H.: Graphic and other semiotic forms of knowlegde representation in terminology management (1996)
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Craven, T.C.: Concept relation structures and their graphic display (1992)
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- Abstract
- Ideas on computerized graphic displays of concept networks are surveyed, with reference to both recent and early research. While the emphasis is on syntactic and semantic relations and on indexing and information retrieval applications, attention is also paid to related areas
