-
Hearn, S.: Comparing catalogs : currency and consistency of controlled headings (2009)
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- Abstract
- Evaluative and comparative studies of catalog data have tended to focus on methods that are labor intensive, demand expertise, and can examine only a limited number of records. This study explores an alternative approach to gathering and analyzing catalog data, focusing on the currency and consistency of controlled headings. The resulting data provide insight into libraries' use of changed headings and their success in maintaining currency and consistency, and the systems needed to support the current pace of heading changes.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Anderson, J.D.; Pérez-Carballo, J.: Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) (2009)
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- Abstract
- Library of Congress Subject Headings (LSCH), which celebrated its 100th birthday in 1998, is the largest cataloging and indexing language in the world for the indication of the topics and formats of books and similar publications. It consists of a controlled list of main headings, many with subdivisions, with a rich system of cross references. It is supported by the U.S. government, and undergoes systematic revision. In recent decades its managers have begun to confront challenges such as biased terminology, complicated syntax (how terms are put together to form headings), and effective displays in electronic media. Many suggestions have been made for its improvement, including moving to a fully faceted system.
- Date
- 27. 8.2011 14:22:13
-
Studwell, W.E.: Why not an 'AACR' for subject headings? (1985)
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- Abstract
- Although the rules for descriptive cataloging have been recodified twice in the past twenty years, there never has been any kind of comprehensive theoretical code for subject headings, despite some suggestions for a code over the years. This essay explains the need for a code, provides historical background, and presents some broad proposals as to the philosophy, structure, and form of the code and what the code should cover. Included is the relation between the proposed code and the Library of Congress' 1984 Subject Cataloging Manual.
- Date
- 7. 1.2007 13:22:01
-
MacEwan, A.: Crossing language barriers in Europe : Linking LCSH to other subject heading languages (2000)
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- Abstract
- A study group representing four European national libraries (the Swiss National Library, Die Deutsche Bibliothek, the Bibliothèque nationale de France and The British Library) recently conducted a study on the possibility of establishing multilingual thesaural links between the headings in the LCSH authority file and the authority files of the German indexing system SWD/RSWK and the French indexing system RAMEAU. The study demonstrated a high level of correspondence in main headings, but also revealed a number of issues requiring further investigation. The study group's findings led to recommendations on the scope for the development of a prototype system for linking the three Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) in the databases of the four institutions
- Date
- 27. 5.2001 16:22:10
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
-
Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.: Entering the millennium : a new century for LCSH (2000)
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- Abstract
- Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), a system originally designed as a tool for subject access to the Library's own collection in the late nineteenth century, has become, in the course of the last century, the main subject retrieval tool in library catalogs throughout the United States and in many other countries. It is one of the largest non-specialized controlled vocabularies in the world. As LCSH enters a new century, it faces an information environment that has undergone vast changes from what had prevailed when LCSH began, or, indeed, from its state in the early days of the online age. In order to continue its mission and to be useful in spheres outside library catalogs as well, LCSH must adapt to the multifarious environment. One possible approach is to adopt a series of scalable and flexible syntax and application rules to meet the needs of different user communities
- Date
- 27. 5.2001 16:22:21
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
-
O'Neill, E.T.; Chan, L.M.; Childress, E.; Dean, R.; El-Hoshy, L.M.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: Form subdivisions : their identification and use in LCSH (2001)
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- Abstract
- Form subdivisions have always been an important part of the Library of Congress Subject Headings. However, when the MARC format was developed, no separate subfield code to identify form subdivisions was defined. Form and topical subdivisions were both included within a general subdivision category. In 1995, the USMARC Advisory Group approved a proposal defining subfield v for form subdivisions, and in 1999 the Library of Congress (LC) began identifying form subdivisions with the new code. However, there are millions of older bibliographic records lacking the explicit form subdivision coding. Identifying form subdivisions retrospectively is not a simple task. An algorithmic method was developed to identify form subdivisions coded as general subdivisions. The algorithm was used to identify 2,563 unique form subdivisions or combinations of form subdivisions in OCLC's WorldCat. The algorithm proved to be highly accurate with an error rate estimated to be less than 0.1%. The observed usage of the form subdivisions was highly skewed with the 100 most used form subdivisions or combinations of subdivisions accounting for 90% of the assignments.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Hearn, S.: Machine-assisted validation of LC Subject Headings : implications for authority file structure (2000)
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- Abstract
- Many kinds of structure can be discerned in the headings and rules governing the Library of Congress Subject Headings. By addressing these structures at different levels, librarians can develop different approaches to the machine-assisted validation of subject headings, from the checking of individual words to the validation of complex forms of heading/subdivision compatibility. Using computer programs to assist with maintenance of subject headings is becoming increasingly necessary as technical services librarians strive to create consistent and useful patterns of subject collocation in library catalogs
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
-
Mitchell, V.; Hsieh-Yee, I.: Converting Ulrich's subject headings(TM) to FAST headings : a feasibility study (2007)
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- Abstract
- This paper presents a study that assessed the feasibility of applying the approach of the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST), an initiative of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC), to records in the Ulrich's Periodicals Directory.? The goal is to determine whether a simplified application of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), as illustrated by FAST, would benefit the Ulrich's system. This feasibility study found that although a few problems were encountered in the process, overall the FAST database was useful for converting Ulrich's subject headings into FAST headings.
- Object
- Ulrich's subject headings
-
Boll, J.J.: From subject headings to descriptors : the hidden trend in Library of Congress Subject Headings (1981)
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-
Satija, M.P.; Joo, S.; Jeong, E.-J.: ¬The 21st sdition (2014) of the Sears List of Subject Headings : a brief introduction (2015)
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- Abstract
- States in brief the new features of the recently released 21st edition of the Sears List of Subject Headings. Introduces its new editor Barbara A. Bristow, and the new publisher EBSCO Information Services which recently acquired Sears' founder publisher since 1923, the H.W. Wilson Company. Names a few new subject headings in areas like science, technology, engineering and medicine (STEM). In this edition there are a total of 250 new headings making it a total of 10,000 preferred headings meant for small and medium sized libraries. Critically examines inconsistencies in a few headings. States the additional features of the online edition. Concludes to say the new edition maintains its stellar reputation of a handy list of general subject headings.
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Dykstra, M.: Can subject headings be saved? (1988)
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-
Wool, G.: Filing and precoordination : how subject headings are displayed in online catalogs and why it matters (2000)
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- Abstract
- Library of Congress Subjecl Headings retrieved as the results of a search in an online catalog are likely to be filed in straight alphabetical, word-by-word order, ignoring the semantic structures of these headings and scattering headings of a similar type. This practice makes LC headings unnecessarily difficult to use and negates much of their indexing power. Enthusiasm for filing simplicity and postcoordinate indexing are likely contributing factors to this phenomenon. Since the report Headings for Tomorrow (1992) first raised this issue, filing practices favoring postcoordination over precoordination appear to have become more widespread and more entrenched
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
-
Dykstra, M.: LC subject headings disguised as a thesaurus (1988)
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-
Conway, M. O'Hara: Characteristics of subject headings in the Library of Congress BOOKSM database (1993)
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- Abstract
- A thourough understanding of current subject cataloging practice, especially Library of Congress practice, will assist librarians in making the best use of new and emerging technology to ease the task of constructing subject headings. To gain insight into the most current subject cataloging practices at the Library of Congress, a random sample of one thousand bibliographic records with one or more 6XX fields and Library of Congress card numbers assigned from 1988 to the present was drawn from the BOOKSM database. Library of Congress catalogers rely heavily on the system of free-floating subdivisions in the process of constructing subject headings. Attempts to improve the subject cataloging process must take into account this fundamental characteristic of the Library of Congress subject headings system
-
Todd, C.: Maori Subjects Headings : a work in progress (1998)
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-
Anderson, J.D.; Hofmann, M.A.: ¬A fully faceted syntax for Library of Congress Subject Headings (2006)
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- Abstract
- Moving to a fully faceted syntax would resolve three problems facing Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): 1. Inconsistent syntax rules; 2. Inability to create headings that are coextensive with the topic of a work; and 3. Lack of effective displays for long lists of subdivisions under a single subject heading in OPACs and similar electronic displays. The authors advocate a fully faceted syntax using the facets of a modern faceted library classification (The Bliss Bibliographic Classification, 2d ed.). They demonstrate how this might be accomplished so as to integrate the new syntax with existing headings.
-
Sadowska, J.: Hasla przedmiotowe Biblioteki Narodowej. Przejmowac? Zmienac? Odrzucac? (1995)
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- Abstract
- Considers the subject headings allocated by the Polish National Library. Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of utilisation or rejection of these subject headings, as well as some reasons for changes becoming necessary in specific cases or libraries. Examines issues concerning the Polish National Library's Slownik Jezyka Hasel Przedmiotowych (Dictionary of Subject Headings); their rapid increase, its increasing detail and its usage in and applicability to other libraries
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Holloway, S.W.: LCSH in the Southern Levant (2018)
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- Abstract
- Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries and independent value vocabularies, and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. The author offers ways that libraries can "decolonize" their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's "access and equity."
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Hoerman, H.L.; Furniss, K.A.: Turning practice into principles : a comparison of the IFLA Principles underlying Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) and the principles underlying the Library of Congress Subject Headings system (2000)
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- Abstract
- The IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing's Working Group on Principles Underlying Subject Headings Languages has identified a set of eleven principles for subject heading languages and excerpted the texts that match each principle from the instructions for each of eleven national subject indexing systems, including excerpts from the LC's Subject Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings. This study compares the IFLA principles with other texts that express the principles underlying LCSH, especially Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles of Structure and Policies for Application, prepared by Lois Mai Chan for the Library of Congress in 1990, Chan's later book on LCSH, and earlier documents by Haykin and Cutter. The principles are further elaborated for clarity and discussed
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
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Dewar, M.: Restructuring the Library of Congress Subject Headings : Subject access and bibliographic instruction: two sides of the OPAC problem (1988)
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