Search (119 results, page 1 of 6)

  • × theme_ss:"Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval"
  1. Cochrane, P.A.: Improving LCSH for use in online catalogs revisited : What progress has been made? What issues still remain? (2000) 0.11 
    0.11080338 = product of:
  0.19944608 = sum of:
    0.036366962 = product of:
      0.072733924 = sum of:
        0.072733924 = weight(_text_:headings in 5609) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.072733924 = score(doc=5609,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.45468226 = fieldWeight in 5609, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5609)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.021378135 = weight(_text_:library in 5609) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021378135 = score(doc=5609,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.24650425 = fieldWeight in 5609, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5609)
    0.016040152 = weight(_text_:of in 5609) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.016040152 = score(doc=5609,freq=18.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.3109903 = fieldWeight in 5609, product of:
          4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
            18.0 = termFreq=18.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5609)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 5609) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=5609,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 5609, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5609)
    0.055295818 = product of:
      0.110591635 = sum of:
        0.110591635 = weight(_text_:exercises in 5609) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.110591635 = score(doc=5609,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.2345736 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.11192 = idf(docFreq=97, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.47145814 = fieldWeight in 5609, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.11192 = idf(docFreq=97, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5609)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5555556 = coord(5/9)
    Abstract
    In 1986 Libraries Unlimited published Cochrane's book, Improving LCSH for Use in Online Catalogs; Exercises for Self-Help with a Selection of Background Readings. This was preceded in 1981 by an ERIC publication (ED 208 900) by Cochrane, with Monika Kirtland Bibliographic and Bibliometric Essay which documented critical views of LCSH and an analysis of vocabulary control in LCSH (parts of which were published in Cataloging & Classification Quarterly' 1(2/3) (1982), 71-94). Three features of LCSH will be re-examined to check on progress since the time of these earlier publications: notes, structure of relationships between headings in the list, and links between Library of Congress classification numbers and LCSH or other vocabularies
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
  2. Mischo, W.H.: ¬A subject retrieval function based on computer manipulated Library of Congress Subject Headings (1982) 0.10 
    0.10178408 = product of:
  0.22901417 = sum of:
    0.060002424 = product of:
      0.12000485 = sum of:
        0.12000485 = weight(_text_:headings in 2841) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.12000485 = score(doc=2841,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.75018746 = fieldWeight in 2841, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2841)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.03527212 = weight(_text_:library in 2841) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03527212 = score(doc=2841,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.40671125 = fieldWeight in 2841, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2841)
    0.01764327 = weight(_text_:of in 2841) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01764327 = score(doc=2841,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.34207192 = fieldWeight in 2841, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2841)
    0.11609636 = weight(_text_:congress in 2841) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.11609636 = score(doc=2841,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.73786974 = fieldWeight in 2841, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2841)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Source
    Proceedings of the ASIS Annual Meeting. 19(1982), S.197-199
  3. Anderson, J.D.; Pérez-Carballo, J.: Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) (2009) 0.10 
    0.098059736 = product of:
  0.17650752 = sum of:
    0.05143065 = product of:
      0.1028613 = sum of:
        0.1028613 = weight(_text_:headings in 3837) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.1028613 = score(doc=3837,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.6430178 = fieldWeight in 3837, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3837)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.026182763 = weight(_text_:library in 3837) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.026182763 = score(doc=3837,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.30190483 = fieldWeight in 3837, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3837)
    0.015122802 = weight(_text_:of in 3837) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015122802 = score(doc=3837,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.2932045 = fieldWeight in 3837, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3837)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 3837) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=3837,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 3837, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3837)
    0.013406289 = product of:
      0.026812578 = sum of:
        0.026812578 = weight(_text_:22 in 3837) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.026812578 = score(doc=3837,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.11550141 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 3837, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3837)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5555556 = coord(5/9)
    Abstract
    Library of Congress Subject Headings (LSCH), which celebrated its 100th birthday in 1998, is the largest cataloging and indexing language in the world for the indication of the topics and formats of books and similar publications. It consists of a controlled list of main headings, many with subdivisions, with a rich system of cross references. It is supported by the U.S. government, and undergoes systematic revision. In recent decades its managers have begun to confront challenges such as biased terminology, complicated syntax (how terms are put together to form headings), and effective displays in electronic media. Many suggestions have been made for its improvement, including moving to a fully faceted system.
    Date
    27. 8.2011 14:22:13
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  4. Lester, M.A.: Coincidence of user vocabulary and Library of Congress Subject Headings : experiments to improve subject access in academic library online catalogs (1989) 0.09 
    0.09431985 = product of:
  0.21221966 = sum of:
    0.05143065 = product of:
      0.1028613 = sum of:
        0.1028613 = weight(_text_:headings in 2905) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.1028613 = score(doc=2905,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.6430178 = fieldWeight in 2905, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2905)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.04275627 = weight(_text_:library in 2905) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04275627 = score(doc=2905,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4930085 = fieldWeight in 2905, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2905)
    0.018521573 = weight(_text_:of in 2905) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.018521573 = score(doc=2905,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.3591007 = fieldWeight in 2905, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2905)
    0.09951117 = weight(_text_:congress in 2905) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.09951117 = score(doc=2905,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.63245976 = fieldWeight in 2905, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2905)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Imprint
    Urbana-Champaign : Univ. of Illinois
  5. Yi, K.; Chan, L.M.: Revisiting the syntactical and structural analysis of Library of Congress Subject Headings for the digital environment (2010) 0.09 
    0.093023606 = product of:
  0.16744249 = sum of:
    0.036366962 = product of:
      0.072733924 = sum of:
        0.072733924 = weight(_text_:headings in 3431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.072733924 = score(doc=3431,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.45468226 = fieldWeight in 3431, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3431)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.021378135 = weight(_text_:library in 3431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021378135 = score(doc=3431,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.24650425 = fieldWeight in 3431, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3431)
    0.02070775 = weight(_text_:of in 3431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02070775 = score(doc=3431,freq=30.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4014868 = fieldWeight in 3431, product of:
          5.477226 = tf(freq=30.0), with freq of:
            30.0 = termFreq=30.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3431)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 3431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=3431,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 3431, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3431)
    0.018624624 = product of:
      0.03724925 = sum of:
        0.03724925 = weight(_text_:problems in 3431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03724925 = score(doc=3431,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.13613719 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.1274753 = idf(docFreq=1937, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.27361554 = fieldWeight in 3431, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.1274753 = idf(docFreq=1937, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3431)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5555556 = coord(5/9)
    Abstract
    With the current information environment characterized by the proliferation of digital resources, including collaboratively created and shared resources, Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is facing the challenges of effective and efficient subject-based organization and retrieval of digital resources. To explore the feasibility of utilizing LCSH in a digital environment, we might need to revisit its basic characteristics. The objectives of our study were to analyze LCSH in both syntactic and relational structures, to discover the structural characteristics of LCSH, and to identify problems and issues for the feasibility of LCSH as an effective subject access tool. This study reports and discusses issues raised by the syntactic and hierarchical structures of LCSH that present challenges to its use in a networked environment. Given the results of this study, we recommend a number of provisional future directions for the development of LCSH towards further becoming a viable system for digital and networked resources.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.4, S.677-687
  6. Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.: Entering the millennium : a new century for LCSH (2000) 0.09 
    0.09139868 = product of:
  0.16451761 = sum of:
    0.036366962 = product of:
      0.072733924 = sum of:
        0.072733924 = weight(_text_:headings in 5920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.072733924 = score(doc=5920,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.45468226 = fieldWeight in 5920, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5920)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.030233247 = weight(_text_:library in 5920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030233247 = score(doc=5920,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.34860963 = fieldWeight in 5920, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5920)
    0.014146087 = weight(_text_:of in 5920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.014146087 = score(doc=5920,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.2742677 = fieldWeight in 5920, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5920)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 5920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=5920,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 5920, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5920)
    0.013406289 = product of:
      0.026812578 = sum of:
        0.026812578 = weight(_text_:22 in 5920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.026812578 = score(doc=5920,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.11550141 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 5920, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5920)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5555556 = coord(5/9)
    Abstract
    Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), a system originally designed as a tool for subject access to the Library's own collection in the late nineteenth century, has become, in the course of the last century, the main subject retrieval tool in library catalogs throughout the United States and in many other countries. It is one of the largest non-specialized controlled vocabularies in the world. As LCSH enters a new century, it faces an information environment that has undergone vast changes from what had prevailed when LCSH began, or, indeed, from its state in the early days of the online age. In order to continue its mission and to be useful in spheres outside library catalogs as well, LCSH must adapt to the multifarious environment. One possible approach is to adopt a series of scalable and flexible syntax and application rules to meet the needs of different user communities
    Date
    27. 5.2001 16:22:21
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  7. Schabas, A.H.: ¬A comparative evaluation of the retrieval effectiveness of titles, Library of Congress Subject Headings and PRECIS strings for computer searching of UK MARC data (1979) 0.09 
    0.09114948 = product of:
  0.20508632 = sum of:
    0.05143065 = product of:
      0.1028613 = sum of:
        0.1028613 = weight(_text_:headings in 5277) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.1028613 = score(doc=5277,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.6430178 = fieldWeight in 5277, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5277)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.030233247 = weight(_text_:library in 5277) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030233247 = score(doc=5277,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.34860963 = fieldWeight in 5277, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5277)
    0.02391125 = weight(_text_:of in 5277) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02391125 = score(doc=5277,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.46359703 = fieldWeight in 5277, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5277)
    0.09951117 = weight(_text_:congress in 5277) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.09951117 = score(doc=5277,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.63245976 = fieldWeight in 5277, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5277)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Imprint
    London : University of London
  8. Hoerman, H.L.; Furniss, K.A.: Turning practice into principles : a comparison of the IFLA Principles underlying Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) and the principles underlying the Library of Congress Subject Headings system (2000) 0.09 
    0.08994153 = product of:
  0.20236844 = sum of:
    0.05750122 = product of:
      0.11500244 = sum of:
        0.11500244 = weight(_text_:headings in 5611) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.11500244 = score(doc=5611,freq=10.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.7189158 = fieldWeight in 5611, product of:
              3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                10.0 = termFreq=10.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5611)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.030233247 = weight(_text_:library in 5611) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030233247 = score(doc=5611,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.34860963 = fieldWeight in 5611, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5611)
    0.015122802 = weight(_text_:of in 5611) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015122802 = score(doc=5611,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.2932045 = fieldWeight in 5611, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5611)
    0.09951117 = weight(_text_:congress in 5611) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.09951117 = score(doc=5611,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.63245976 = fieldWeight in 5611, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5611)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    The IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing's Working Group on Principles Underlying Subject Headings Languages has identified a set of eleven principles for subject heading languages and excerpted the texts that match each principle from the instructions for each of eleven national subject indexing systems, including excerpts from the LC's Subject Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings. This study compares the IFLA principles with other texts that express the principles underlying LCSH, especially Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles of Structure and Policies for Application, prepared by Lois Mai Chan for the Library of Congress in 1990, Chan's later book on LCSH, and earlier documents by Haykin and Cutter. The principles are further elaborated for clarity and discussed
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
  9. Kreider, L.J.: LCSH works! : Subject searching effectiveness at the Cleveland Public Library and the growth of Library of Congress Subject Headings through cooperation (2000) 0.09 
    0.087167226 = product of:
  0.19612625 = sum of:
    0.05143065 = product of:
      0.1028613 = sum of:
        0.1028613 = weight(_text_:headings in 6576) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.1028613 = score(doc=6576,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.6430178 = fieldWeight in 6576, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6576)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.03999483 = weight(_text_:library in 6576) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03999483 = score(doc=6576,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.46116722 = fieldWeight in 6576, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6576)
    0.018521573 = weight(_text_:of in 6576) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.018521573 = score(doc=6576,freq=24.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.3591007 = fieldWeight in 6576, product of:
          4.8989797 = tf(freq=24.0), with freq of:
            24.0 = termFreq=24.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6576)
    0.086179204 = weight(_text_:congress in 6576) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.086179204 = score(doc=6576,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.5477263 = fieldWeight in 6576, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6576)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    The nature of a library's collections determines what kind of subject access to provide to those collections. The collections of the Cleveland Public Library serve both the recreational and research needs of a large urban population. The Cleveland Public Library uses Library of Congress Subject Headings to describe its collections. A study of subject searches entered by library patrons over the course of one week reveals several patterns among the types of subject headings used most frequently, reflecting the characteristics of the population served. Other topics discussed include subject access to fiction, juvenileliterature, and specialized collections
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  10. Cooey, N.; Phillips, A.: Library of Congress Subject Headings : a post-coordinated future (2023) 0.09 
    0.08631362 = product of:
  0.19420564 = sum of:
    0.04242812 = product of:
      0.08485624 = sum of:
        0.08485624 = weight(_text_:headings in 1163) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.08485624 = score(doc=1163,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.5304626 = fieldWeight in 1163, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1163)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.030546555 = weight(_text_:library in 1163) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030546555 = score(doc=1163,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.3522223 = fieldWeight in 1163, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1163)
    0.020688567 = weight(_text_:of in 1163) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.020688567 = score(doc=1163,freq=22.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.40111488 = fieldWeight in 1163, product of:
          4.690416 = tf(freq=22.0), with freq of:
            22.0 = termFreq=22.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1163)
    0.100542404 = weight(_text_:congress in 1163) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.100542404 = score(doc=1163,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.63901395 = fieldWeight in 1163, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1163)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    This paper is the result of a request from Library of Congress leadership to assess pre-coordinated versus post-coordinated subject cataloging. It argues that the disadvantages of pre-coordinated subject strings are perennial and continue to hinder progress, while the advantages of post-coordinated subject cataloging have expanded, resulting in new opportunities to serve the needs of catalogers and end users alike. The consequences of retaining pre-coordinated headings will have long-term impacts that heavily out-weigh the short-term challenges of transitioning to new cataloging practices. By implementing post-coordinated, faceted vocabularies, the Library of Congress will be investing in the future of libraries.
    Footnote
    Beitrag in Themenheft: Implementation of Faceted Vocabularies.
  11. Frommeyer, J.: Chronological terms and period subdivisions in LCSH, RAMEAU, and RSWK : development of an integrative model for time retrieval across various online catalogs (2004) 0.08 
    0.08323083 = product of:
  0.14981548 = sum of:
    0.025715325 = product of:
      0.05143065 = sum of:
        0.05143065 = weight(_text_:headings in 131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.05143065 = score(doc=131,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.3215089 = fieldWeight in 131, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=131)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.026182763 = weight(_text_:library in 131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.026182763 = score(doc=131,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.30190483 = fieldWeight in 131, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=131)
    0.014146087 = weight(_text_:of in 131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.014146087 = score(doc=131,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.2742677 = fieldWeight in 131, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=131)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=131,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 131, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=131)
    0.013406289 = product of:
      0.026812578 = sum of:
        0.026812578 = weight(_text_:22 in 131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.026812578 = score(doc=131,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.11550141 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 131, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=131)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5555556 = coord(5/9)
    Abstract
    After a fundamental examination of the phenomenon of time, this paper presents the history, authority, and structure of period subdivisions and chronological terms in the three subject heading languages LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), RAMEAU (Répertoire d'Autorité Matière Encyclopédique et Alphabétique Unifié), and RSWK (Regeln für den Schlagwortkatalog). Their usefulness in online searching is demonstrated using the online catalogs of the Library of Congress, the Bibliothèque nationale de France, and the Deutsche Bibliothek and is compared to the search options in selected digital encyclopedias (Encyclopaedia Britannica, Encarta, Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie). The author develops a model for common time retrieval across all three online catalogs, outlines the conditions for that model (time period code, chronological code, and chronology authority file), and proposes a search interface.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
    Source
    Library resources and technical services. 48(2004) no.3, S.199-212
  12. Bishoff, L.: Public access to the Library of Congress Subject Headings online (1991) 0.08 
    0.07925955 = product of:
  0.178334 = sum of:
    0.042858876 = product of:
      0.08571775 = sum of:
        0.08571775 = weight(_text_:headings in 2459) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.08571775 = score(doc=2459,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.5358482 = fieldWeight in 2459, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2459)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.04363794 = weight(_text_:library in 2459) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04363794 = score(doc=2459,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.5031747 = fieldWeight in 2459, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2459)
    0.008911197 = weight(_text_:of in 2459) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.008911197 = score(doc=2459,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.17277241 = fieldWeight in 2459, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2459)
    0.082925975 = weight(_text_:congress in 2459) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.082925975 = score(doc=2459,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.52704984 = fieldWeight in 2459, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2459)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Imprint
    Chicago : American Library Association
    Series
    ALCTS papers on library technical services and collections; no.1
  13. ¬The LCSH century : One hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system (2000) 0.08 
    0.07893599 = product of:
  0.17760597 = sum of:
    0.04848928 = product of:
      0.09697856 = sum of:
        0.09697856 = weight(_text_:headings in 1224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.09697856 = score(doc=1224,freq=16.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.606243 = fieldWeight in 1224, product of:
              4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
                16.0 = termFreq=16.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1224)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.02850418 = weight(_text_:library in 1224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02850418 = score(doc=1224,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.32867232 = fieldWeight in 1224, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1224)
    0.012851911 = weight(_text_:of in 1224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012851911 = score(doc=1224,freq=26.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.2491759 = fieldWeight in 1224, product of:
          5.0990195 = tf(freq=26.0), with freq of:
            26.0 = termFreq=26.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1224)
    0.087760605 = weight(_text_:congress in 1224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.087760605 = score(doc=1224,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.5577771 = fieldWeight in 1224, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1224)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: BACKGROUND: Alva T STONE: The LCSH Century: A Brief History of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and Introduction to the Centennial Essays - THEORY AND PRINCIPLES: Elaine SVENONIUS: LCSH: Semantics, Syntax and Specificity; Heidi Lee HOERMAN u. Kevin A. FURNISS: Turning Practice into Principles: A Comparison of the IFLA: Principles Underlying Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) and the Principles Underlying the Library of Congress Subject Headings System; Hope A. OLSON: Difference, Culture and Change:The Untapped Potential of LCSH - ONLINE ENVIRONMENT: Pauline Atherton COCHRANE: Improving LCSH for Use in Online Catalogs Revisited-What Progress Has Been Made? What Issues Still Remain?; Gregory WOOL: Filing and Precoordination: How Subject Headings Are Displayed in Online Catalogs and Why It Matters; Stephen HEARN: Machine-Assisted Validation of LC Subject Headings: Implications for Authority File Structure - SPECIFIC PERSPECTIVES: Thomas MANN: Teaching Library of Congress Subject Headings; Louisa J. KREIDER: LCSH Works! Subject Searching Effectiveness at the Cleveland Public Library and the Growth of Library of Congress Subject Headings Through Cooperation; Harriette HEMMASI u J. Bradford YOUNG: LCSH for Music: Historical and Empirical Perspectives; Joseph MILLER u. Patricia KUHR: LCSH and Periodical Indexing: Adoption vs. Adaptation; David P MILLER: Out from Under: Form/Genre Access in LCSH - WORLD VIEW: Magda HEINER-FREILING: Survey on Subject Heading Languages Used in National Libraries and Bibliographies; Andrew MacEWAN: Crossing Language Barriers in Europe: Linking LCSH to Other Subject Heading Languages; Alvaro QUIJANO-SOLIS u.a.: Automated Authority Files of Spanish-Language Subject Headings - FUTURE PROSPECTS: Lois Mai CHAN u. Theodora HODGES: Entering the Millennium: a new century for LCSH
    LCSH
    Subject heading, Library of Congress
    Subject
    Subject heading, Library of Congress
  14. O'Neill, E.T.; Chan, L.M.: FAST - a new approach to controlled subject access (2008) 0.08 
    0.0772489 = product of:
  0.17381002 = sum of:
    0.04454025 = product of:
      0.0890805 = sum of:
        0.0890805 = weight(_text_:headings in 2181) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0890805 = score(doc=2181,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.55686975 = fieldWeight in 2181, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2181)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.026182763 = weight(_text_:library in 2181) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.026182763 = score(doc=2181,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.30190483 = fieldWeight in 2181, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2181)
    0.016907806 = weight(_text_:of in 2181) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.016907806 = score(doc=2181,freq=20.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.32781258 = fieldWeight in 2181, product of:
          4.472136 = tf(freq=20.0), with freq of:
            20.0 = termFreq=20.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2181)
    0.086179204 = weight(_text_:congress in 2181) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.086179204 = score(doc=2181,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.5477263 = fieldWeight in 2181, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2181)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    Recent trends, driven to a large extent by the rapid proliferation of digital resources, are forcing changes in bibliographic control to make it easier to use, understand, and apply subject data. Subject headings are no exception. The enormous volume and rapid growth of digital libraries and repositories and the emergence of numerous metadata schemes have spurred a reexamination of the way subject data are to be provided for such resources efficiently and effectively. To address this need, OCLC in cooperation with the Library of Congress, has taken a new approach, called FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology). FAST headings are based on the existing vocabulary in Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), but are applied with a simpler syntax than required by Library of Congress application policies. Adapting the LCSH vocabulary in a simplified faceted syntax retains the rich vocabulary of LCSH while making it easier to understand, control, apply, and use.
    Source
    New pespectives on subject indexing and classification: essays in honour of Magda Heiner-Freiling. Red.: K. Knull-Schlomann, u.a
  15. Wool, G.: Filing and precoordination : how subject headings are displayed in online catalogs and why it matters (2000) 0.08 
    0.07683388 = product of:
  0.17287624 = sum of:
    0.068036355 = product of:
      0.13607271 = sum of:
        0.13607271 = weight(_text_:headings in 5612) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.13607271 = score(doc=5612,freq=14.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.85063267 = fieldWeight in 5612, product of:
              3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
                14.0 = termFreq=14.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5612)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.021378135 = weight(_text_:library in 5612) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021378135 = score(doc=5612,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.24650425 = fieldWeight in 5612, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5612)
    0.01309673 = weight(_text_:of in 5612) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01309673 = score(doc=5612,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.25392252 = fieldWeight in 5612, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5612)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 5612) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=5612,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 5612, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5612)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    Library of Congress Subjecl Headings retrieved as the results of a search in an online catalog are likely to be filed in straight alphabetical, word-by-word order, ignoring the semantic structures of these headings and scattering headings of a similar type. This practice makes LC headings unnecessarily difficult to use and negates much of their indexing power. Enthusiasm for filing simplicity and postcoordinate indexing are likely contributing factors to this phenomenon. Since the report Headings for Tomorrow (1992) first raised this issue, filing practices favoring postcoordination over precoordination appear to have become more widespread and more entrenched
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
  16. ¬The LCSH century : One hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system (2000) 0.08 
    0.0763076 = product of:
  0.1716921 = sum of:
    0.051430646 = product of:
      0.10286129 = sum of:
        0.10286129 = weight(_text_:headings in 5366) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.10286129 = score(doc=5366,freq=18.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.64301777 = fieldWeight in 5366, product of:
              4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
                18.0 = termFreq=18.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5366)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.02666322 = weight(_text_:library in 5366) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02666322 = score(doc=5366,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.3074448 = fieldWeight in 5366, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5366)
    0.012347717 = weight(_text_:of in 5366) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012347717 = score(doc=5366,freq=24.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.23940048 = fieldWeight in 5366, product of:
          4.8989797 = tf(freq=24.0), with freq of:
            24.0 = termFreq=24.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5366)
    0.081250526 = weight(_text_:congress in 5366) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.081250526 = score(doc=5366,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.51640123 = fieldWeight in 5366, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5366)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: BACKGROUND: Alva T STONE: The LCSH Century: A Brief History of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and Introduction to the Centennial Essays - THEORY AND PRINCIPLES: Elaine SVENONIUS: LCSH: Semantics, Syntax and Specificity; Heidi Lee HOERMAN u. Kevin A. FURNISS: Turning Practice into Principles: A Comparison of the IFLA: Principles Underlying Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) and the Principles Underlying the Library of Congress Subject Headings System; Hope A. OLSON: Difference, Culture and Change:The Untapped Potential of LCSH - ONLINE ENVIRONMENT: Pauline Atherton COCHRANE: Improving LCSH for Use in Online Catalogs Revisited-What Progress Has Been Made? What Issues Still Remain?; Gregory WOOL: Filing and Precoordination: How Subject Headings Are Displayed in Online Catalogs and Why It Matters; Stephen HEARN: Machine-Assisted Validation of LC Subject Headings: Implications for Authority File Structure - SPECIFIC PERSPECTIVES: Thomas MANN: Teaching Library of Congress Subject Headings; Louisa J. KREIDER: LCSH Works! Subject Searching Effectiveness at the Cleveland Public Library and the Growth of Library of Congress Subject Headings Through Cooperation; Harriette HEMMASI u J. Bradford YOUNG: LCSH for Music: Historical and Empirical Perspectives; Joseph MILLER u. Patricia KUHR: LCSH and Periodical Indexing: Adoption vs. Adaptation; David P MILLER: Out from Under: Form/Genre Access in LCSH - WORLD VIEW: Magda HEINER-FREILING: Survey on Subject Heading Languages Used in National Libraries and Bibliographies; Andrew MacEWAN: Crossing Language Barriers in Europe: Linking LCSH to Other Subject Heading Languages; Alvaro QUIJANO-SOLIS u.a.: Automated Authority Files of Spanish-Language Subject Headings - FUTURE PROSPECTS: Lois Mai CHAN u. Theodora HODGES: Entering the Millennium: a new century for LCSH
    Footnote
    Die einzelnen Beiträge sind über die Buchversion erfasst: In: The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone. New York: Haworth Press 2000.
  17. Dean, R.J.: FAST: development of simplified headings for metadata (2004) 0.08 
    0.07549129 = product of:
  0.16985539 = sum of:
    0.06298943 = product of:
      0.12597886 = sum of:
        0.12597886 = weight(_text_:headings in 5682) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.12597886 = score(doc=5682,freq=12.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.7875328 = fieldWeight in 5682, product of:
              3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                12.0 = termFreq=12.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5682)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.021378135 = weight(_text_:library in 5682) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021378135 = score(doc=5682,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.24650425 = fieldWeight in 5682, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5682)
    0.015122802 = weight(_text_:of in 5682) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015122802 = score(doc=5682,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.2932045 = fieldWeight in 5682, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5682)
    0.07036502 = weight(_text_:congress in 5682) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.07036502 = score(doc=5682,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.4472166 = fieldWeight in 5682, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5682)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    The Library of Congress Subject Headings schema (LCSH) is the most commonly used and widely accepted subject vocabulary for general application. It is the de facto universal controlled vocabulary and has been a model for developing subject heading systems by many countries. However, LCSH's complex syntax and rules for constructing headings restrict its application by requiring highly skilled personnel and limit the effectiveness of automated authority control. Recent trends, driven to a large extent by the rapid growth of the Web, are forcing changes in bibliographic control systems to make them easier to use, understand, and apply, and subject headings are no exception. The purpose of adapting the LCSH with a simplified syntax to create FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology) headings is to retain the very rich vocabulary of LCSH while making the schema easier to understand, control, apply, and use. The schema maintains compatibility with LCSH--any valid Library of Congress subject heading can be converted to FAST headings.
  18. Studwell, W.E.: Of eggs and baskets : getting more access out of LC Subject Headings in an online environment (1991) 0.07 
    0.0695001 = product of:
  0.15637523 = sum of:
    0.060002424 = product of:
      0.12000485 = sum of:
        0.12000485 = weight(_text_:headings in 515) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.12000485 = score(doc=515,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.75018746 = fieldWeight in 515, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=515)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.01763606 = weight(_text_:library in 515) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01763606 = score(doc=515,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.20335563 = fieldWeight in 515, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=515)
    0.020688567 = weight(_text_:of in 515) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.020688567 = score(doc=515,freq=22.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.40111488 = fieldWeight in 515, product of:
          4.690416 = tf(freq=22.0), with freq of:
            22.0 = termFreq=22.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=515)
    0.05804818 = weight(_text_:congress in 515) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.05804818 = score(doc=515,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.36893487 = fieldWeight in 515, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=515)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    Libraries using the LCSH can increase the effectiveness of their subject access. This can be accomplished through one of four methods for applying an increased number of headings: the addition of subject headings in situations where none have been supplied by LC; the use of pattern secondary headings; the use of major + minor techniques; and the use of minor + major techniques. Each of these methods will provide additional subject access to supplement that produced by the Library of Congress
  19. Walsh, J.: ¬The use of Library of Congress Subject Headings in digital collections (2011) 0.06 
    0.06377269 = product of:
  0.14348856 = sum of:
    0.0342871 = product of:
      0.0685742 = sum of:
        0.0685742 = weight(_text_:headings in 4549) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0685742 = score(doc=4549,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.42867854 = fieldWeight in 4549, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4549)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.024685344 = weight(_text_:library in 4549) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.024685344 = score(doc=4549,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.28463858 = fieldWeight in 4549, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4549)
    0.018175345 = weight(_text_:of in 4549) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.018175345 = score(doc=4549,freq=52.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.35238793 = fieldWeight in 4549, product of:
          7.2111025 = tf(freq=52.0), with freq of:
            52.0 = termFreq=52.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4549)
    0.06634078 = weight(_text_:congress in 4549) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.06634078 = score(doc=4549,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.42163986 = fieldWeight in 4549, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4549)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    Purpose - This paper attempts to explain the wide dissemination of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) within digital libraries and presents some of the advantages and disadvantages of using this controlled vocabulary in digital collections. The paper also presents other classifications used in digital collections for subject access and explores ways of improving search functionality in digital collections that employ LCSH. Design/methodology/approach - Unlike traditional libraries that use Library of Congress Classification for organization and retrieval, digital libraries use metadata forms for organization and retrieval. The collections exist in cyberspace of the internet which is known for containing the universe of knowledge. The use of LCSH for information retrieval has been widely criticized for its difficulty of use and its information retrieval effectiveness in online environments. The Library of Congress (LOC) has claimed the headings were not based on comprehensive principles nor ever intended to cover the universe of knowledge. Despite these claims and criticisms, LCSH is the most popular choice for subject access in digital libraries. Findings - The number of digital collections increases every year and LCSH is still the most popular choice of controlled vocabulary for subject access. Of the numerous criticisms, difficulties of use and user unfamiliarity are the greatest disadvantages of using LCSH for subject access. Average users only have a vague notion of what they are looking for when initializing a search. More work is required in automated generation of subject headings and increased usage of LCSH in faceted search retrieval systems. This will provide users with better access to the LCSH used in the back end of information retrieval. Originality/value - The Greek researchers who developed the Dissertation DSPace system believe this type of module will eventually replace the traditional keyword-based indexing back ends employed by many information retrieval modules within current digital library systems. The system offers the type of access and interactivity that will acquaint users with how LCSH looks and is used. Faceted search and automated pattern matching using an ontology based on LCSH have the best promise of overcoming the disadvantages that have always plagued the LOC-controlled vocabulary. These retrieval techniques give LCSH an opportunity to finally achieve the optimal precision and recall it has so far failed to deliver.
    Source
    Library review. 60(2011) no.4, S.328-343
  20. Jin, Q.: Is FAST the right direction for a new system of subject cataloging and metadata? (2008) 0.06 
    0.059228268 = product of:
  0.1332636 = sum of:
    0.036366962 = product of:
      0.072733924 = sum of:
        0.072733924 = weight(_text_:headings in 791) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.072733924 = score(doc=791,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.15996648 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03298316 = queryNorm
            0.45468226 = fieldWeight in 791, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.849944 = idf(docFreq=940, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=791)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.030233247 = weight(_text_:library in 791) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030233247 = score(doc=791,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.08672522 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.34860963 = fieldWeight in 791, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          2.6293786 = idf(docFreq=8668, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=791)
    0.016907806 = weight(_text_:of in 791) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.016907806 = score(doc=791,freq=20.0), product of:
        0.05157766 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.32781258 = fieldWeight in 791, product of:
          4.472136 = tf(freq=20.0), with freq of:
            20.0 = termFreq=20.0
          1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=791)
    0.049755584 = weight(_text_:congress in 791) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.049755584 = score(doc=791,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.15733992 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03298316 = queryNorm
        0.31622988 = fieldWeight in 791, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.7703104 = idf(docFreq=1018, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=791)
  0.44444445 = coord(4/9)
    Abstract
    The Subject Analysis Committee Subcommittee on FAST of the Association for Library Collections & Technical Services (ALCTS) was established in the fall of 2004 to explore issues related to the implementation of the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) subject heading schema. FAST is being developed at the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) and is derived from the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) with a simplified syntax. This paper is based on comments by the Subject Analysis Committee Subcommittee on FAST, which reviewed a sample of 5,000 bibliographic records with both LCSH and FAST headings. It provides the library community with some understanding of FAST, a new system of subject cataloging and metadata.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes "The Intellectual and Professional World of Cataloging"

Authors

Years

Languages

  • e 112
  • d 3
  • f 1
  • i 1
  • ja 1
  • nl 1
  • More… Less…

Types

  • a 96
  • m 10
  • el 8
  • s 6
  • d 2
  • i 1
  • r 1
  • More… Less…

Themes

Subjects

Classifications