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  1. Chalmers, D.J.: Constructing the world (2012) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    David J. Chalmers constructs a highly ambitious and original picture of the world, from a few basic elements. He develops and extends Rudolf Carnap's attempt to do the same in Der Logische Aufbau Der Welt (1928). Carnap gave a blueprint for describing the entire world using a limited vocabulary, so that all truths about the world could be derived from that description--but his Aufbau is often seen as a noble failure. In Constructing the World, Chalmers argues that something like the Aufbau project can succeed. With the right vocabulary and the right derivation relation, we can indeed construct the world. The focal point of Chalmers's project is scrutability: roughly, the thesis that ideal reasoning from a limited class of basic truths yields all truths about the world. Chalmers first argues for the scrutability thesis and then considers how small the base can be. All this can be seen as a project in metaphysical epistemology: epistemology in service of a global picture of the world and of our conception thereof. The scrutability framework has ramifications throughout philosophy. Using it, Chalmers defends a broadly Fregean approach to meaning, argues for an internalist approach to the contents of thought, and rebuts W. V. Quine's arguments against the analytic and the a priori. He also uses scrutability to analyze the unity of science, to defend a conceptual approach to metaphysics, and to mount a structuralist response to skepticism. Based on Chalmers's 2010 John Locke lectures, Constructing the World opens up debate on central areas of philosophy including philosophy of language, consciousness, knowledge, and reality. This major work by a leading philosopher will appeal to philosophers in all areas.
    Date
    29. 8.2018 13:35:57
  2. Was ist Denken? : Gehirn - Computer - Roboter (2003) 0.00 
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    Date
    10. 8.2007 16:24:29
  3. Frankfurt, H.G.: Über die Wahrheit (2007) 0.00 
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    Date
    21. 9.2021 14:09:29
  4. Bewußtsein : philosophische Beiträge. Tagung über Geist und Bewußtsein - Zur Klärung einer strittigen Beziehung, 1994 Bad Homburg v. d. Höhe (1996) 0.00 
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    Date
    4. 8.2018 11:29:00
  5. Blackmore, S.J.: Gespräche über Bewußtsein (2012) 0.00 
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    Date
    29. 8.2018 13:48:48
  6. Brandom, R.B.: Expressive Vernunft : Begründung, Repräsentation und diskursive Festlegung (2000) 0.00 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: Frankfurter Rundschau Nr.141 vom 20.6.2000, S.22 (J. Habermas)
  7. Chalmers, D.J.: ¬The conscious mind : in search of a fundamental theory (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    What is consciousness? How do physical processes in the brain give rise to the self-aware mind and to feelings as profoundly varied as love or hate, aesthetic pleasure or spiritual yearning? These questions today are among the most hotly debated issues among scientists and philosophers, and we have seen in recent years superb volumes by such eminent figures as Francis Crick, Daniel C. Dennett, Gerald Edelman, and Roger Penrose, all firing volleys in what has come to be called the consciousness wars. Now, in The Conscious Mind, philosopher David J. Chalmers offers a cogent analysis of this heated debate as he unveils a major new theory of consciousness, one that rejects the prevailing reductionist trend of science, while offering provocative insights into the relationship between mind and brain. Writing in a rigorous, thought-provoking style, the author takes us on a far-reaching tour through the philosophical ramifications of consciousness. Chalmers convincingly reveals how contemporary cognitive science and neurobiology have failed to explain how and why mental events emerge from physiological occurrences in the brain. He proposes instead that conscious experience must be understood in an entirely new light--as an irreducible entity (similar to such physical properties as time, mass, and space) that exists at a fundamental level and cannot be understood as the sum of its parts. And after suggesting some intriguing possibilities about the structure and laws of conscious experience, he details how his unique reinterpretation of the mind could be the focus of a new science. Throughout the book, Chalmers provides fascinating thought experiments that trenchantly illustrate his ideas. For example, in exploring the notion that consciousness could be experienced by machines as well as humans, Chalmers asks us to imagine a thinking brain in which neurons are slowly replaced by silicon chips that precisely duplicate their functions--as the neurons are replaced, will consciousness gradually fade away? The book also features thoughtful discussions of how the author's theories might be practically applied to subjects as diverse as artificial intelligence and the interpretation of quantum mechanics.
  8. Bennett, M.; Dennett, D.; Hacker, D.P.; Searle, J.R.: Neurowissenschaft und Philosophie : Gehirn, Geist und Sprache ; mit einer Einleitung und einer Schlußbetrachtung von Daniel Robinson (2010) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Als der Neurowissenschaftler Maxwell Bennett und der Philosoph Peter Hacker 2003 den voluminösen Band Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience veröffentlichten, war dies nicht nur die erste systematische Untersuchung der begrifflichen Grundlagen der Neurowissenschaften. Es war auch der Startschuß für den bis heute intensiv geführten Kampf um die Deutungsmacht in bezug auf den menschlichen Geist. Besonders kritisch fiel seinerzeit die Auseinandersetzung der beiden Autoren mit den einflußreichen Arbeiten von Daniel Dennett und John Searle aus - also mit jenen beiden Denkern, die von der neurowissenschaftlichen Seite gerne als philosophische Gewährsmänner herangezogen werden. Mit Neurowissenschaft und Philosophie ist nun das Kunststück gelungen, die vier kongenialen »Streithähne« in einem Band zu versammeln. Im ersten Teil des Buches wird das zentrale Argument von Bennett und Hacker präsentiert, das unter anderem jene begrifflichen Verwirrungen offenlegt, denen Neurowissenschaftler allzu häufig unterliegen, wenn sie aus ihren empirischen Forschungen die bekannten weitreichenden Schlußfolgerungen etwa über das Wesen des Menschen ziehen. Der zweite und dritte Teil sind ganz der Debatte gewidmet: Auf die Einwände von Dennett und Searle folgen erneute Erwiderungen von Bennett und Hacker. Den Abschluß bildet ein kurzer Epilog von Maxwell Bennett, gerahmt wird das Ganze durch eine Einleitung und eine Schlußbetrachtung des Philosophen Daniel Robinson. Der Band zeigt vier Meister ihres Fachs in einem Duell auf höchstem Niveau, ausgetragen mit einem gehörigen Schuß Leidenschaft. Darüber hinaus bietet er eine ausgezeichnete und vor allem gut lesbare Zusammenfassung über den Stand der Dinge in einer der wichtigsten Science Battles unserer Zeit. Lebendige Wissenschaft par excellence.

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