Search (41 results, page 1 of 3)

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Abstract

The Internet links computer networks worldwide through the TCP/IP; in addition to electronic mail; bulleton board and news group services, files can be downloaded using the standard protocol FTP. Services have evolved to identify and facilitate access to Internet resources, e.g. Telnet, Gopher, WAIS, etc. The WWW is the most developed, using hypertext links. Search engines such as AltaVista explore Web content and create catalogues of Web pages. Gives details of the most commonly used subject guides, research tools and search engines, including URL and applications

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Information research on the Internet: indexes and search engines

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Abstract

The Internet, especially for information retrieval, is a labyrinth in which it is virtually impossible to find one's way without markers. Web pages are easily created and offer free access but payment is required before anything more useful is retrievd. Evaluation and indexing of these sites is extremely difficults. Librarians and information officers will need to keep themselves informed about databases and guide end users through the labyrinth. Discusses search engines and briefly reviews InfoSeek, Folio Retriever, Star-Web, World Trade Center State, Electronic Library, AltaVista, Yahoo and OCLC's Netfirst

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Abstract

Users who want to exploit all the information sources on the Web will need an efficient search and selection tool e.g. a directory or search engine. Directories list Web sites and analyze their contents. Describes the behind-the-scenes work of documentalists specialized in surfing, tracking and indexing French language sites for the directory Nomade. Describes the creation of Nomade, its functioning and indexing, and how this new profession of 'cyber-documentalist' is changing the practices and functions of information professionals as they become Internet information organizers

Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Abstract

Discusses the possibilities and difficulties encountered when using a thematic index to search contemporary art databanks. Jaconde and Videomuseum, 2 French databanks, are used as examples. the core problems found in the study are the methods and limits of indexing in both systems. A thematic index should be developed that is better adapted to 20th century art, based on the complementary and reciprocal relationship between text and image, and which fully exploits hypertext

Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Footnote

Übers. d. Titels: Terminology and multilingual information: ovberview of problems and search for solutions

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Abstract

Difficulties in accessing databases are linked to the (mostly different) organization of knowledge in a consulted field. These difficulties pose the problem of how to assist a user in his search

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Abstract

Briefly reviews research on users and online catalogues, focusing on the different data gathering methodologies. OLIVE, an enhanced facility for logging transactions and introducing online questionnaires as a front end to a personal computer, was used to examine user intentions, search formulations and success ratings on several commercial systems. Describes a third generation system, OKAPI, which addresses some of the issues raised by the user feedback

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Source

Bulletin des bibliothèques de France. 34(1989) no.1, S.22-47

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Abstract

A discussion of developments to date in the field of computerized indexing, based on presentations given at a seminar held at the Institute of Policy Studies in Paris in Nov 91. The methods tested so far, based on a linguistic approach, whether using natural language or special thesauri, encounter the same central problem - they are only successful when applied to collections of similar types of documents covering very specific subject areas. Despite this, the search for some sort of universal indexing metalanguage continues. In the end, computerized indexing works best when used in conjunction with manual indexing - ideally in the hands of a trained library science professional, who can extract the maximum value from a collection of documents for a particular user population

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Abstract

Electronic documents are creating new services and generating new demands, with consequent impacts on the means of transmitting knowledge, international standards and democratisation of access. Universal bibliographic control depends on common rules for bibliographic description and format to ensure compatibility and exchange. In addition to ISBN and UNIMARC for cataloguing, Z39.50 allows searching of heterogeneous databases and SGML makes cataloguing in publication a reality. Such developments must be based on knowledge of what users want and their real search and consultation practices, not what the system devisers have the technology to create

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Abstract

To access a remote catalogue the searcher can use the Z39.50 standard as interface, which requires appropriate software; or for databases accessible on the WWW use a common gateway interface. The multibase access advantage of Z39.50 can also be obtained through a Web navigator by inserting a Web server/Z39.50 client software connector: this can be located either on the search site, in an intermediary position or on the database site, so determining the range of databases which can be searched. Z39.50 also offers interesting possibilities for joint and local cataloguing: multibase searching can equally be realised on intranets

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Abstract

Report of the French Libraries Association study and research section study day, held in Grenoble in Oct 1997. Topics covered included precision / recall and linguistic compatibility between indexing and search languages; the history and develoment of the RAMEAU authorities list; using RAMEAU in special libraries; international cooperation; and applying RAMEAU in specific disciplines. Points emphasised were the need to train teaching staff in new technology since students are usually more expert; and the danger of indexers, through ignorance of user needs, creating over complex systems

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Abstract

RAMEAU, an encyclopedic authorities list widely used in France, is not suitable for special libraries because it takes account of indexer rather than end user needs, and is time consuming. Doc'INSA has developed its own alphabetical lexicon, based on that of PASCAL, the scientific and technical information database. This allows user to search using their own terminology and is quick and simple for indexers. Examples are given of both systems

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:01:00

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Abstract

For users, the catalogue is a tool to assist in satisfying information demands. Bibliographic databases raise the question of how to describe a document to facilitate retrieval. Information technology development have led to the creation of hypercatalogues, affording links to related material and other services. This necessitates improved descriptive cataloguing and also improved search interfaces to simplify user manipulation, along the lines of the Web. Given the massive output of electronic documents, the librarian's role is to select, prioritise and organise. The information society and its consequent economic consequences for the social organisation of knowledge raise the prospect of marginalisation of libraries. Catalogues enable access to knowledge as a public good, but this access must be democratic

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Abstract

Since its appearance in the early 90's, the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) has provided universal access to knowledge and the world of information has been primarily witness to a great revolution (the digital revolution). It quickly became very popular, making it the largest and most comprehensive database and knowledge base thanks to the amount and diversity of data it contains. However, the considerable increase and evolution of these data raises important problems for users, in particular for accessing the documents most relevant to their search queries. In order to cope with this exponential explosion of data volume and facilitate their access by users, various models are offered by information retrieval systems (IRS) for the representation and retrieval of web documents. Traditional SRIs use simple keywords that are not semantically linked to index and retrieve these documents. This creates limitations in terms of the relevance and ease of exploration of results. To overcome these limitations, existing techniques enrich documents by integrating external keywords from different sources. However, these systems still suffer from limitations that are related to the exploitation techniques of these sources of enrichment. When the different sources are used so that they cannot be distinguished by the system, this limits the flexibility of the exploration models that can be applied to the results returned by this system. Users then feel lost to these results, and find themselves forced to filter them manually to select the relevant information. If they want to go further, they must reformulate and target their search queries even more until they reach the documents that best meet their expectations. In this way, even if the systems manage to find more relevant results, their presentation remains problematic. In order to target research to more user-specific information needs and improve the relevance and exploration of its research findings, advanced SRIs adopt different data personalization techniques that assume that current research of user is directly related to his profile and / or previous browsing / search experiences.
However, this assumption does not hold in all cases, the needs of the user evolve over time and can move away from his previous interests stored in his profile. In other cases, the user's profile may be misused to extract or infer new information needs. This problem is much more accentuated with ambiguous queries. When multiple POIs linked to a search query are identified in the user's profile, the system is unable to select the relevant data from that profile to respond to that request. This has a direct impact on the quality of the results provided to this user. In order to overcome some of these limitations, in this research thesis, we have been interested in the development of techniques aimed mainly at improving the relevance of the results of current SRIs and facilitating the exploration of major collections of documents. To do this, we propose a solution based on a new concept and model of indexing and information retrieval called multi-spaces projection. This proposal is based on the exploitation of different categories of semantic and social information that enrich the universe of document representation and search queries in several dimensions of interpretations. The originality of this representation is to be able to distinguish between the different interpretations used for the description and the search for documents. This gives a better visibility on the results returned and helps to provide a greater flexibility of search and exploration, giving the user the ability to navigate one or more views of data that interest him the most. In addition, the proposed multidimensional representation universes for document description and search query interpretation help to improve the relevance of the user's results by providing a diversity of research / exploration that helps meet his diverse needs and those of other different users. This study exploits different aspects that are related to the personalized search and aims to solve the problems caused by the evolution of the information needs of the user. Thus, when the profile of this user is used by our system, a technique is proposed and used to identify the interests most representative of his current needs in his profile. This technique is based on the combination of three influential factors, including the contextual, frequency and temporal factor of the data. The ability of users to interact, exchange ideas and opinions, and form social networks on the Web, has led systems to focus on the types of interactions these users have at the level of interaction between them as well as their social roles in the system. This social information is discussed and integrated into this research work. The impact and how they are integrated into the IR process are studied to improve the relevance of the results.