Search (31 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

Web search engines are beginning to offer access to multimedia searching, including audio, video and image searching. In this paper we report findings from a study examining the state of multimedia search functionality on major general and specialized Web search engines. We investigated 102 Web search engines to examine: (1) how many Web search engines offer multimedia searching, (2) the type of multimedia search functionality and methods offered, such as "query by example", and (3) the supports for personalization or customization which are accessible as advanced search. Findings include: (1) few major Web search engines offer multimedia searching and (2) multimedia Web search functionality is generally limited. Our findings show that despite the increasing level of interest in multimedia Web search, those few Web search engines offering multimedia Web search, provide limited multimedia search functionality. Keywords are still the only means of multimedia retrieval, while other methods such as "query by example" are offered by less than 1% of Web search engines examined.

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Abstract

Searching for multimedia is an important activity for users of Web search engines. Studying user's interactions with Web search engine multimedia buttons, including image, audio, and video, is important for the development of multimedia Web search systems. This article provides results from a Weblog analysis study of multimedia Web searching by Dogpile users in 2006. The study analyzes the (a) duration, size, and structure of Web search queries and sessions; (b) user demographics; (c) most popular multimedia Web searching terms; and (d) use of advanced Web search techniques including Boolean and natural language. The current study findings are compared with results from previous multimedia Web searching studies. The key findings are: (a) Since 1997, image search consistently is the dominant media type searched followed by audio and video; (b) multimedia search duration is still short (>50% of searching episodes are <1 min), using few search terms; (c) many multimedia searches are for information about people, especially in audio search; and (d) multimedia search has begun to shift from entertainment to other categories such as medical, sports, and technology (based on the most repeated terms). Implications for design of Web multimedia search engines are discussed.

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Abstract

As the LoC moves to make massive amounts of multimedia items available over networks, it must consider the challenge these new digital collections present for navigation. Discusses the search needs of the LC's digital collections audience and how relevant searching aids might be provided for them. Factors to be considered include: the variety of search needs of users; the different technology levels of users; and the need for the provision of both free text and structured searching. Considers the design of graphical user interfaces and the role of language in the successful navigation of a large database

Date

22. 2.1996 11:37:48

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Abstract

Presents a multimedia model which describes the various multimedia components, their structure and their relationships with a pre-defined taxonomy of concepts, in order to support search engine information retrieval process

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Abstract

Develops an integrated conceptual representation scheme for multimedia documents that are viewed to comprise an object-oriented database. Develops the necessary abstractions for the conceptual model and extensions to the RM/T relational model used as the search structure. Develops a retrieval model in which the database search space is 1st narrowed down, based on user query, by an associative search. The associative search is followed by semantic and media-specific searches. A query langugae called SQLX is introduced to fomulate these searches directly from the conceptual model. In SQLX, connector attributes replace join, and abstract data type enables use of objects and their methods in query formulation. Describes a temporal model for time-dependent presentations and with the directions for future work

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Abstract

Awareness of another's activity is an important aspect of facilitating collaboration between users, enabling an "understanding of the activities of others" (Dourish & Bellotti, 1992). In this paper we investigate the role of awareness and its effect on search performance and behaviour in collaborative multimedia retrieval. We focus on the scenario where two users are searching at the same time on the same task, and via an interface, can see the activity of the other user. The main research question asks: does awareness of another searcher aid a user when carrying out a multimedia search session? To encourage awareness, an experimental study was designed where two users were asked to compete to find as many relevant video shots as possible under different awareness conditions. These were individual search (no awareness), Mutual awareness (where both users could see the other's search screen), and unbalanced awareness (where one user is able to see the other's screen, but not vice-versa). Twelve pairs of users were recruited, and the four worst performing TRECVID 2006 search topics were used as search tasks, under four different awareness conditions. We present the results of this study, followed by a discussion of the implications for multimedia information retrieval systems.

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Abstract

Multimedia databases started to appear on the market in 1989. They are computer databases combining a number of features, including text, images, sound and video, and may appear in CD-ROM, CD-I, floppy disk, or videodisc format. Examples of multimedia products are games, instructional programs, and refrence materials. A study of such media in the Netherlands revealed the limitations of search facilities and the difficulty of reading large amounts of text on screen. Multimedia publishers will need to overcome these problems in order to stand any chance of success

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Abstract

Presents the views of 7 European information professionals on the value and use of multimedia databases. The enjoyment of working with a colourful, well designed database may be very appealing, but not if it means that the cost of a search goes up. 4 factors will determine whether the promise of multimedia is realized: ease of use, including the ability to customise; platform independence; affordability; and the development of authoring tools that will allow information workers to create multimedia reports in the context of normal day to day activities

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Abstract

Colours, icons, graphics, hypertext links and other multimedia elements are variables that affect information search strategies and information seeking behaviour. These variables are culturally constructed and represented and are subject to individual and community interpretation. Hypothesizes that users in different communities (in intercultural or multicultural context) will interpret differently the meanings of the multimedia objects on the Internet. Users' interpretations of multimedia objects may differ from the intentions of the designers. A study in this area is being undertaken

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Abstract

Discusses the current state of the art in the field of large-scale networked hypermedia systems. Identifies ways in which the future generation of networked hypermedia systems will differ from the present generation. Surveys: type; preparation, storage, and interchange of hypermedia documents; security, costs and copyright; navigation, search and retrieval; usability; and hypermedia as a technology of integration

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Abstract

Currently, there is no structured data standard for representing elements commonly found in transmedia fictional worlds. Although there are websites dedicated to individual universes, the information found on these sites separate out the various formats, concentrate on only the bibliographic aspects of the material, and are only searchable with full text. We have created an ontological model that will allow various user groups interested in transmedia to search for and retrieve the information contained in these worlds based upon their structure. We conducted a domain analysis and user studies based on the contents of Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, the Marvel Universe, and Star Wars in order to build a new model using Ontology Web Language (OWL) and an artificial intelligence-reasoning engine. This model can infer connections between transmedia properties such as characters, elements of power, items, places, events, and so on. This model will facilitate better search and retrieval of the information contained within these vast story universes for all users interested in them. The result of this project is an OWL ontology reflecting real user needs based upon user research, which is intuitive for users and can be used by artificial intelligence systems.

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Abstract

The library at Napier University in Edinburgh recently acquired a large collection of printed music, long playing records and compact discs which it was asked to catalogue as soon as possible. Reports research, and a small pilot system developed to illustrate that research, which was conducted for the purpose of answering the following questions: whether multimedia would be suitable for a musical environment; whether it would provide effective new search strategies; whether it woul be acceptable to the library community; and whether it would be cost effective. Describes the multimedia system, MUSICALIA, and how it works

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Abstract

A database management system is a general-purpose software system that facilitates the processes of defining, constructing, and manipulating databases for various applications. This article investigates the role of data management in multimedia digital libraries, and its implications for the design of database management systems. The notions of content abstraction and content independence are introduced, which clearly expose the unique challenges (for database architecture) of applications involving multimedia search. A blueprint of a new class of database technology is proposed, which supports the basic functionality for the management of both content and structure of multimedia objects

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of our experiments in using MPEG-7 in a television news retrieval application. Our study is based on a survey of professional users in the Television Suisse Romande (TSR) television news production environment. We present here two main issues. First, we describe the way the generic and voluminous MPEG-7 Schema can be exploited in the context of a specific application domain. Second, we discuss the problem of how to search MPEG-7 descriptions, which are detailed and complex by nature, via a high-level user-oriented retrieval model.

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Abstract

Metadata describing multimedia can address a wide variety of purposes, from the purely physical characteristics of an item, to the circumstances surrounding its production, to attributes that cannot necessarily be determined by examining the item itself directly. These latter attributes, often dealing with "meaning" or interpretation of an item's content, are frequently deemed too difficult to determine and subject to individual and cultural variability. At the same time, however, research has shown that these abstract, interpretive attributes, which carry meaning, are frequently the ones for which people search. To describe an item fully, therefore, means to describe it at both the "syntactic" and the "semantic" levels. This article discusses the development of the semantic description schemes within the MPEG-7 standard from both a historical and an intellectual perspective, as well as the difficulties inherent in creating a descriptive schema that can fully capture the complexity of "narrative worlds."

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Abstract

Film, videotape and multimedia archive systems must address the issues of editing, authoring and searching at the media (i.e. tape) or sub media (i.e. scene) level in addition to the traditional inventory management capabilities associated with the physical media. This paper describes a prototype of a database design for the storage, search and retrieval of multimedia and its related information. It also provides a process by which legacy data can be imported to this schema. The Continuous Media Index, or Comix system is the name of the prototype. An implementation of such a digital library solution incorporates multimedia objects, hierarchical relationships and timecode in addition to traditional attribute data. Present video and multimedia archive systems are easily migrated to this architecture. Comix was implemented for a videotape archiving system. It was written for, and implemented using IBM Digital Library version 1.0. A derivative of Comix is currently in development for customer specific applications. Principles of the Comix design as well as the importation methods are not specific to the underlying systems used.

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Abstract

Für Speicherung und Transfer von Wissen setzen Unternehmen neben Textdaten verstärkt auch audio-visuelle Daten ein. Beispiele dafür sind Schulungsvideos für Produktionsanlagen oder Podcasts zu Forschungsthemen. Damit stellt sich die Frage, welche Werkzeuge sich für die Integration von Multimedia-Inhalten in Systeme des Wissensmanagements eignen und wie solche Inhalte in Enterprise-Suchmaschinen eingebunden werden können. Der Beitrag skizziert diesen Ausgangspunkt und gibt eine Übersicht über Anbieter und Werkzeuge zur Erschließung von Bilddaten (z. B. aus Digitalisierungs-Projekten) sowie von audio-visuellen Daten. Er konzentriert sich auf Werkzeuge, die als Software as a Service genutzt werden können und listet Kriterien zur technischen Evaluation solcher Lösungen auf. Der Beitrag basiert auf Beratungs- und Entwicklungsprojekten zu automatischer Medienerschließung, Multimedia Indexing und Enterprise Search.

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Abstract

Various kinds of knowledge organisation, such as thesauri, are routinely used to label or tag multimedia content such as images and music and to support information retrieval, i.e. user search for such content. In this paper, we outline why this is the case, in particular focusing on the semantic gap between content and concept based multimedia retrieval. We survey some indexing vocabularies used for multimedia retrieval, and argue that techniques such as thesauri will be needed for the foreseeable future in order to support users in their need for multimedia content. In particular, we argue that artificial intelligence techniques are not mature enough to solve the problem of indexing multimedia conceptually and will not be able to replace human indexers for the foreseeable future.

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Footnote

Part of a special issue featuring papers from the workshop on hypermedia and hypertext standards held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, 22-23 April 1993

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Abstract

Allowing the description of the structure of documents has been one of the key factors for the success of the hypertext markup language (HTML) family of markup languages. This capability has motivated the phenomenon that has become known as the World Wide Web (the "Web"). The next generation of the Web, known as the Semantic Web (Berners-Lee, Hendler. & Lassila, 2001), aims at describing the meaning rather than the structure of data, adding more intelligent search, retrieval, and other agent functionalities to the Web, and tools that make the implementation of this Semantic Web possible are greatly needed. The increasing availability of multimedia on the World Wide Web makes metadata description efforts for multimedia a pressing need, yet with the volume of content being created, often only a rudimentary description of the multimedia content is available. In addition, the digital mode entails a host of other descriptive needs, such as the format, factors such as compression and transmission, and issues such as copyright restrictions and terns for usage. Thus, new and efficient ways of describing multimedia content and meaning are needed as well as a structure that is capable of carrying such descriptions. Several attempts have been made to grapple with this issue using descriptive metadata, one of the earliest of which was the revision of the Dublin Core to ascertain essential features necessary to resource discovery of visual items in a networked environment (Weibel & Miller, 1997). Other metadata schemes, such as the Visual Resources Association Core Categories (http://www.vraweb.org/vracore3.htm), also include format information necessary to the use and display of digital images.