Search (6 results, page 1 of 1)

0.021885961 = product of:
  0.043771923 = sum of:
    0.034777008 = weight(_text_:sites in 357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.034777008 = score(doc=357,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.2408473 = queryWeight, product of:
          5.227637 = idf(docFreq=644, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046071928 = queryNorm
        0.14439443 = fieldWeight in 357, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          5.227637 = idf(docFreq=644, maxDocs=44218)
          0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=357)
    0.008994915 = product of:
      0.01798983 = sum of:
        0.01798983 = weight(_text_:design in 357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.01798983 = score(doc=357,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17322445 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046071928 = queryNorm
            0.10385271 = fieldWeight in 357, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=357)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(2/4)

Abstract

The main goal of this book is to transfer new research results from the fields of advanced computer sciences and information science to the design of new search engines. The readers will have a better idea of the new trends in applied research. The achievement of relevant, organized, sorted, and workable answers- to name but a few - from a search is becoming a daily need for enterprises and organizations, and, to a greater extent, for anyone. It does not consist of getting access to structural information as in standard databases; nor does it consist of searching information strictly by way of a combination of key words. It goes far beyond that. Whatever its modality, the information sought should be identified by the topics it contains, that is to say by its textual, audio, video or graphical contents. This is not a new issue. However, recent technological advances have completely changed the techniques being used. New Web technologies, the emergence of Intranet systems and the abundance of information on the Internet have created the need for efficient search and information access tools.
With the rapid growth of web-based applications, such as search engines, Facebook, and Twitter, the development of effective and personalized information retrieval techniques and of user interfaces is essential. The amount of shared information and of social networks has also considerably grown, requiring metadata for new sources of information, like Wikipedia and ODP. These metadata have to provide classification information for a wide range of topics, as well as for social networking sites like Twitter, and Facebook, each of which provides additional preferences, tagging information and social contexts. Due to the explosion of social networks and other metadata sources, it is an opportune time to identify ways to exploit such metadata in IR tasks such as user modeling, query understanding, and personalization, to name a few. Although the use of traditional metadata such as html text, web page titles, and anchor text is fairly well-understood, the use of category information, user behavior data, and geographical information is just beginning to be studied. This book is intended for scientists and decision-makers who wish to gain working knowledge about search engines in order to evaluate available solutions and to dialogue with software and data providers.

0.013910804 = product of:
  0.055643216 = sum of:
    0.055643216 = weight(_text_:sites in 1171) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.055643216 = score(doc=1171,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.2408473 = queryWeight, product of:
          5.227637 = idf(docFreq=644, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046071928 = queryNorm
        0.23103109 = fieldWeight in 1171, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          5.227637 = idf(docFreq=644, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1171)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

An important part of our information-gathering behavior has always been to find out what other people think. With the growing availability and popularity of opinion-rich resources such as online review sites and personal blogs, new opportunities and challenges arise as people can, and do, actively use information technologies to seek out and understand the opinions of others. The sudden eruption of activity in the area of opinion mining and sentiment analysis, which deals with the computational treatment of opinion, sentiment, and subjectivity in text, has thus occurred at least in part as a direct response to the surge of interest in new systems that deal directly with opinions as a first-class object. Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis covers techniques and approaches that promise to directly enable opinion-oriented information-seeking systems. The focus is on methods that seek to address the new challenges raised by sentiment-aware applications, as compared to those that are already present in more traditional fact-based analysis. The survey includes an enumeration of the various applications, a look at general challenges and discusses categorization, extraction and summarization. Finally, it moves beyond just the technical issues, devoting significant attention to the broader implications that the development of opinion-oriented information-access services have: questions of privacy, vulnerability to manipulation, and whether or not reviews can have measurable economic impact. To facilitate future work, a discussion of available resources, benchmark datasets, and evaluation campaigns is also provided. Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis is the first such comprehensive survey of this vibrant and important research area and will be of interest to anyone with an interest in opinion-oriented information-seeking systems.

0.010441465 = product of:
  0.04176586 = sum of:
    0.04176586 = product of:
      0.08353172 = sum of:
        0.08353172 = weight(_text_:design in 538) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.08353172 = score(doc=538,freq=22.0), product of:
            0.17322445 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046071928 = queryNorm
            0.4822167 = fieldWeight in 538, product of:
              4.690416 = tf(freq=22.0), with freq of:
                22.0 = termFreq=22.0
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=538)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Human information interaction (HII) is an emerging area of study that investigates how people interact with information; its subfield human information behavior (HIB) is a flourishing, active discipline. Yet despite their obvious relevance to the design of information systems, these research areas have had almost no impact on systems design. One issue may be the contextual complexity of human interaction with information; another may be the difficulty in translating real-life and unstructured HII complexity into formal, linear structures necessary for systems design. In this book, Raya Fidel proposes a research approach that bridges the study of human information interaction and the design of information systems: cognitive work analysis (CWA). Developed by Jens Rasmussen and his colleagues, CWA embraces complexity and provides a conceptual framework and analytical tools that can harness it to create design requirements. CWA offers an ecological approach to design, analyzing the forces in the environment that shape human interaction with information. Fidel reviews research in HIB, focusing on its contribution to systems design, and then presents the CWA framework. She shows that CWA, with its ecological approach, can be used to overcome design challenges and lead to the development of effective systems. Researchers and designers who use CWA can increase the diversity of their analytical tools, providing them with an alternative approach when they plan research and design projects. The CWA framework enables a collaboration between design and HII that can create information systems tailored to fit human lives. Human Information Interaction constructs an elegant argument for an ecological approach to information behavior. Professor Raya Fidel's cogent exposition of foundational theoretical concepts including cognitive work analysis delivers thoughtful guidance for future work in information interaction. Raya Fidel provides the human information interaction field with a manifesto for studying human information behavior from a holistic perspective, arguing that context dominates human action and we are obligated to study it. She provides a tutorial on cognitive work analysis as a technique for such study. This book is an important contribution to the Information field. Raya Fidel presents a nuanced picture of research on human information interaction, and advocates for Cognitive Work Analysis as the holistic approach to the study and evaluation of human information interaction.

Content

Inhalt: Basic concepts -- What is human information interaction? -- Theoretical constructs and models in information seeking behavior -- The information need -- The search strategy -- Two generations of research -- In-context -- Theoretical traditions in human information behavior -- Interlude : models and their contribution to design -- Human information behavior and information retrieval : is collaboration possible? -- Cognitive work analysis : dimensions for analysis -- Cognitive work analysis : harnessing complexity -- Enhancing the impact of research in human information interaction.

0.007802638 = product of:
  0.031210553 = sum of:
    0.031210553 = product of:
      0.062421106 = sum of:
        0.062421106 = weight(_text_:22 in 3341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.062421106 = score(doc=3341,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.16133605 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046071928 = queryNorm
            0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 3341, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3341)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Date

22. 1.2017 16:45:48

0.0035979657 = product of:
  0.014391863 = sum of:
    0.014391863 = product of:
      0.028783726 = sum of:
        0.028783726 = weight(_text_:design in 4992) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.028783726 = score(doc=4992,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17322445 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046071928 = queryNorm
            0.16616434 = fieldWeight in 4992, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4992)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

The field of human information behavior runs the gamut of processes from the realization of a need or gap in understanding, to the search for information from one or more sources to fill that gap, to the use of that information to complete a task at hand or to satisfy a curiosity, as well as other behaviors such as avoiding information or finding information serendipitously. Designers of mechanisms, tools, and computer-based systems to facilitate this seeking and search process often lack a full knowledge of the context surrounding the search. This context may vary depending on the job or role of the person; individual characteristics such as personality, domain knowledge, age, gender, perception of self, etc.; the task at hand; the source and the channel and their degree of accessibility and usability; and the relationship that the seeker shares with the source. Yet researchers have yet to agree on what context really means. While there have been various research studies incorporating context, and biennial conferences on context in information behavior, there lacks a clear definition of what context is, what its boundaries are, and what elements and variables comprise context. In this book, we look at the many definitions of and the theoretical and empirical studies on context, and I attempt to map the conceptual space of context in information behavior. I propose theoretical frameworks to map the boundaries, elements, and variables of context. I then discuss how to incorporate these frameworks and variables in the design of research studies on context. We then arrive at a unified definition of context. This book should provide designers of search systems a better understanding of context as they seek to meet the needs and demands of information seekers. It will be an important resource for researchers in Library and Information Science, especially doctoral students looking for one resource that covers an exhaustive range of the most current literature related to context, the best selection of classics, and a synthesis of these into theoretical frameworks and a unified definition. The book should help to move forward research in the field by clarifying the elements, variables, and views that are pertinent. In particular, the list of elements to be considered, and the variables associated with each element will be extremely useful to researchers wanting to include the influences of context in their studies.

0.002544146 = product of:
  0.010176584 = sum of:
    0.010176584 = product of:
      0.020353168 = sum of:
        0.020353168 = weight(_text_:design in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020353168 = score(doc=68,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.17322445 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046071928 = queryNorm
            0.11749593 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.7598698 = idf(docFreq=2798, maxDocs=44218)
              0.015625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Content

Inhalt: An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories, and Models (Marcia J. Bates) - What Methodology Does to Theory: Sense-Making Methodology as Exemplar (Brenda Dervin) Evolution in Information Behavior Modeling Wilson's Model (T.D. Wilson) - Affective Load (Diane Nahl) - Anomalous State of Knowledge (Nicholas J. Belkin) - Archival Intelligence (Elizabeth Yakel) - Bandura's Social Cognition (Makiko Miwa) - Berrypicking (Marcia J. Bates) - Big6 Skills for Information Literacy (Carrie A. Lowe and Michael B. Eisenberg) - Chang's Browsing (Chan-Ju L. Chang) - Chatman's Information Poverty (Julie Hersberger) - Chatman's Life in the Round (Crystal Fulton) - Cognitive Authority (Soo Young Rieh) - Cognitive Work Analysis (Raya Fidel and Annelise Mark Pejtersen) - Collective Action Dilemma (Marc Smith and Howard T. Weiser) - Communicative Action (Gerald Benoît) - Communities of Practice (Elisabeth Davies) - Cultural Models of Hall and Hofstede (Anita Komlodi) - Dervin's Sense-Making (Tonyia J. Tidline) - Diffusion Theory (Darian Lajoie-Paquette) - The Domain Analytic Approach to Scholars' Information Practices (Sanna Talja) - Ecological Theory of Human Information Behavior (Kirsty Williamson) - Elicitation as Micro-Level Information Seeking (Mei-Mei Wu) - Ellis's Model of InformationSeeking Behavior (David Ellis) - Everyday Life Information Seeking (Reijo Savolainen) - Face Threat (Lorri Mon) - Flow Theory (Charles Naumer) - General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (Gloria J. Leckie) - The Imposed Query (Melissa Gross) - Information Acquiringand-Sharing (Kevin Rioux) - Information Activities in Work Tasks (Katriina Byström) - Information Encountering (Sanda Erdelez) - Information Grounds (Karen E. Fisher) - Information Horizons (Diane H. Sonnenwald) - Information Intents (Ross J. Todd) - Information Interchange (Rita Marcella and Graeme Baxter) - Institutional Ethnography (Roz Stooke) - Integrative Framework for Information Seeking and Interactive Information Retrieval (Peter Ingwersen) - Interpretative Repertoires (Pamela J. McKenzie) - Krikelas's Model of Information Seeking (Jean Henefer and Crystal Fulton) - Kuhlthau's Information Search Process (Carol Collier Kuhlthau) - Library Anxiety (Patricia Katopol) - Monitoring and Blunting (Lynda M. Baker) - Motivational Factors for Interface Design (Carolyn Watters and Jack Duffy) - Network Gatekeeping (Karine Barzilai-Nahon) - Nonlinear Information Seeking (Allen Foster) - Optimal Foraging (JoAnn Jacoby) - Organizational Sense Making and Information Use (Anu Maclntosh-Murray) - The PAIN Hypothesis (Harry Bruce) -
Perspectives on the Tasks in which Information Behaviors Are Embedded (Barbara M. Wildemuth and Anthony Hughes) - Phenomenography (Louise Limberg) - Practice of Everyday Life (Paulette Rothbauer) - Principle of Least Effort (Donald O. Case) - Professions and Occupational Identities (Olof Sundin and Jenny Hedman) - Radical Change (Eliza T. Dresang) - Reader Response Theory (Catherine Sheldrick Ross) - Rounding and Dissonant Grounds (Paul Solomon) - Serious Leisure (Jenna Hartel) - Small-World Network Exploration (Lennart Björneborn) - Nan Lin's Theory of Social Capital (Catherine A. Johnson) - The Social Constructionist Viewpoint on Information Practices (Kimmo Tuominen, Sanna Talja, and Reijo Savolainen) - Social Positioning (Lisa M. Given) - The Socio-Cognitive Theory of Users Situated in Specific Contexts and Domains (Birger Hjoerland) - Strength of Weak Ties (Christopher M. Dixon) - Symbolic Violence (Steven Joyce) - Taylor's Information Use Environments (Ruth A. Palmquist) - Taylor's Question-Negotiation (Phillip M. Edwards) - Transtheoretical Model of the Health Behavior Change (C. Nadine Wathen and Roma M. Harris) - Value Sensitive Design (Batya Friedman and Nathan G. Freier) - Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (Lynne (E. E) McKechnie) - Web Information Behaviors of Organizational Workers (Brian Detlor) - Willingness to Return (Tammara Combs Turner and Joan C. Durrance) - Women's Ways of Knowing (Heidi Julien) - Work Task Information-Seeking and Retrieval Processes (Preben Hansen) - World Wide Web Information Seeking (Don Turnbull)