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Niggemann, E.: Im weiten endlosen Meer des World Wide Web : vom Sammelauftrag der Gedächtnisorganisationen (2015)
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- Abstract
- Seit 2006 gehört zum gesetzlichen Auftrag der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek auch das Sammeln von Medienwerken, die in unkörperlicher Form der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht werden. Dieser Auftrag lässt Interpretationen zu, und in der Tat ist nicht nur der Umgang mit diesen Werken, sondern bereits die Definition von Sammelkriterien Inhalt von Projekten und Überlegungen. Für das Sammeln von Werken, die Bestandteil des World Wide Web sind, müssen Grenzen festgelegt werden - das Web ist zu weit und scheint endlos. Auch für die notwendigen Kooperationen mit und Abgrenzungen zu anderen Gedächtnisorganisationen sind Kriterien und Definitionen erforderlich. Der vorliegende Beitrag zum Thema Webharvesting versteht sich als Angebot zum Gedankenaustausch über Sammlungsabstimmungen national wie international, innerhalb der bibliothekarischen wie auch in der gesamten Kulturwelt aus Sicht der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek.
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Nejdl, W.; Risse, T.: Herausforderungen für die nationale, regionale und thematische Webarchivierung und deren Nutzung (2015)
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- Abstract
- Das World Wide Web ist als weltweites Informations- und Kommunikationsmedium etabliert. Neue Technologien erweitern regelmäßig die Nutzungsformen und erlauben es auch unerfahrenen Nutzern, Inhalte zu publizieren oder an Diskussionen teilzunehmen. Daher wird das Web auch als eine gute Dokumentation der heutigen Gesellschaft angesehen. Aufgrund seiner Dynamik sind die Inhalte des Web vergänglich und neue Technologien und Nutzungsformen stellen regelmäßig neue Herausforderungen an die Sammlung von Webinhalten für die Webarchivierung. Dominierten in den Anfangstagen der Webarchivierung noch statische Seiten, so hat man es heute häufig mit dynamisch generierten Inhalten zu tun, die Informationen aus verschiedenen Quellen integrieren. Neben dem klassischen domainorientieren Webharvesting kann auch ein steigendes Interesse aus verschiedenen Forschungsdisziplinen an thematischen Webkollektionen und deren Nutzung und Exploration beobachtet werden. In diesem Artikel werden einige Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze für die Sammlung von thematischen und dynamischen Inhalten aus dem Web und den sozialen Medien vorgestellt. Des Weiteren werden aktuelle Probleme der wissenschaftlichen Nutzung diskutiert und gezeigt, wie Webarchive und andere temporale Kollektionen besser durchsucht werden können.
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Zheng, H.; Aung, H.H.; Erdt, M.; Peng, T.-Q.; Raamkumar, A.S.; Theng, Y.-L.: Social media presence of scholarly journals (2019)
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- Abstract
- Recently, social media has become a potentially new way for scholarly journals to disseminate and evaluate research outputs. Scholarly journals have started promoting their research articles to a wide range of audiences via social media platforms. This article aims to investigate the social media presence of scholarly journals across disciplines. We extracted journals from Web of Science and searched for the social media presence of these journals on Facebook and Twitter. Relevant metrics and content relating to the journals' social media accounts were also crawled for data analysis. From our results, the social media presence of scholarly journals lies between 7.1% and 14.2% across disciplines; and it has shown a steady increase in the last decade. The popularity of scholarly journals on social media is distinct across disciplines. Further, we investigated whether social media metrics of journals can predict the Journal Impact Factor (JIF). We found that the number of followers and disciplines have significant effects on the JIF. In addition, a word co-occurrence network analysis was also conducted to identify popular topics discussed by scholarly journals on social media platforms. Finally, we highlight challenges and issues faced in this study and discuss future research directions.
-
Wakeling, S.; Creaser, C.; Pinfield, S.; Fry, J.; Spezi, V.; Willett, P.; Paramita, M.: Motivations, understandings, and experiences of open-access mega-journal authors : results of a large-scale survey (2019)
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- Abstract
- Open-access mega-journals (OAMJs) are characterized by their large scale, wide scope, open-access (OA) business model, and "soundness-only" peer review. The last of these controversially discounts the novelty, significance, and relevance of submitted articles and assesses only their "soundness." This article reports the results of an international survey of authors (n = 11,883), comparing the responses of OAMJ authors with those of other OA and subscription journals, and drawing comparisons between different OAMJs. Strikingly, OAMJ authors showed a low understanding of soundness-only peer review: two-thirds believed OAMJs took into account novelty, significance, and relevance, although there were marked geographical variations. Author satisfaction with OAMJs, however, was high, with more than 80% of OAMJ authors saying they would publish again in the same journal, although there were variations by title, and levels were slightly lower than subscription journals (over 90%). Their reasons for choosing to publish in OAMJs included a wide variety of factors, not significantly different from reasons given by authors of other journals, with the most important including the quality of the journal and quality of peer review. About half of OAMJ articles had been submitted elsewhere before submission to the OAMJ with some evidence of a "cascade" of articles between journals from the same publisher.
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Somers, J.: Torching the modern-day library of Alexandria : somewhere at Google there is a database containing 25 million books and nobody is allowed to read them. (2017)
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- Abstract
- You were going to get one-click access to the full text of nearly every book that's ever been published. Books still in print you'd have to pay for, but everything else-a collection slated to grow larger than the holdings at the Library of Congress, Harvard, the University of Michigan, at any of the great national libraries of Europe-would have been available for free at terminals that were going to be placed in every local library that wanted one. At the terminal you were going to be able to search tens of millions of books and read every page of any book you found. You'd be able to highlight passages and make annotations and share them; for the first time, you'd be able to pinpoint an idea somewhere inside the vastness of the printed record, and send somebody straight to it with a link. Books would become as instantly available, searchable, copy-pasteable-as alive in the digital world-as web pages. It was to be the realization of a long-held dream. "The universal library has been talked about for millennia," Richard Ovenden, the head of Oxford's Bodleian Libraries, has said. "It was possible to think in the Renaissance that you might be able to amass the whole of published knowledge in a single room or a single institution." In the spring of 2011, it seemed we'd amassed it in a terminal small enough to fit on a desk. "This is a watershed event and can serve as a catalyst for the reinvention of education, research, and intellectual life," one eager observer wrote at the time. On March 22 of that year, however, the legal agreement that would have unlocked a century's worth of books and peppered the country with access terminals to a universal library was rejected under Rule 23(e)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure by the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. When the library at Alexandria burned it was said to be an "international catastrophe." When the most significant humanities project of our time was dismantled in court, the scholars, archivists, and librarians who'd had a hand in its undoing breathed a sigh of relief, for they believed, at the time, that they had narrowly averted disaster.
-
Wolchover, N.: Wie ein Aufsehen erregender Beweis kaum Beachtung fand (2017)
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- Date
- 22. 4.2017 10:42:05
22. 4.2017 10:48:38
-
Loos, A.: ¬Die Million ist geknackt (2015)
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- Date
- 7. 4.2015 17:22:03
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Schleim, S.: Warum die Wissenschaft nicht frei ist (2017)
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- Date
- 9.10.2017 15:48:22
-
Ernst, W.: Memorisierung des »Web« : von der emphatischen Archivierung zur Zwischenarchivierung der Gegenwart (2015)
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- Abstract
- Seitdem Texte nicht mehr nur auf gedruckten Buchstaben, sondern in elektronischer Form auf dem flüchtigen alphanumerischen Code beruhen, wandeln sich auch die Risiken und Chancen des Sammlungsauftrages von Bibliotheken. Der ungeheure Zuwachs an nahezu unverzüglichem Informationszugang im Internet geht mit einer teilweise bewusst in Kauf genommenen Fokussierung auf erweiterte Gegenwart zuungunsten nachhaltiger Speicherung einher. Wo an die Stelle der Gesamterfassung von Publikationen der Gegenwart notwendig die stichprobenhafte Archivierung in Intervallen tritt, zeichnet sich ein neues Verhältnis von Zeit und kulturellem Gedächtnis ab. In der Zeitökonomie dynamischer Zwischenarchivierung obliegt es den Bibliotheken, sich diesem Trend zu öffnen und gleichzeitig zu widerstehen. Es bedarf einerseits der institutionell gesicherten Orte, nicht nur die Nutzeroberflächen des Web, sondern auch ihre Bedingungen (Quellcode bis hin zur Emulation von Computerhardware) für künftige Kulturkritik nachvollziehbar zu bewahren; andererseits gilt es mit neuen Formen der algorithmischen Erschließung solcher Big Data zu experimentieren.
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Müller, S.: Schattenbibliotheken : Welche Auswirkungen haben Sci-Hub und Co. auf Verlage und Bibliotheken? (2019)
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- Source
- B.I.T.online. 22(2019) H.5, S.397-404
-
Benoit, G.; Hussey, L.: Repurposing digital objects : case studies across the publishing industry (2011)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2011 14:23:07
-
Schmale, W.: Strategische Optionen für universitäre Repositorien in den Digital Humanities (2018)
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- Date
- 20. 9.2018 12:22:39
-
Hrachovec, H.: Offen gesagt: Beschwerden eines Archivars (2018)
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- Date
- 20. 9.2018 12:22:52
-
Paal, S.; Eickeler, S.: Automatisierung vom Scan bis zum elektronischen Lesesaal (2011)
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- Abstract
- Gedruckte Medien, wie Bücher, Zeitschriften und Zeitungen sind kulturhistorisch und marktwirtschaftlich wichtige Informationsquellen auf dem Weg zur Wissensgesellschaft. Um sie elektronisch verfügbar zu machen, um sie bereitzustellen und zu vermarkten, werden vorhandene Dokumente digitalisiert, mit besonderen Analyseverfahren inhaltlich erschlossen und über Web-Portale zur Verfügung gestellt. Es ist jedoch eine besondere Herausforderung, sicher und schnell auf zentral verwaltete Dokumentbestände über das Internet zuzugreifen. Beim Abruf von qualitativ hochwertigen Digitalisaten werden große Datenmengen übertragen. Dadurch steigt der Bandbreitenbedarf und die Zugriffszeiten verlängern sich. Außerdem unterliegen urheberrechtlich geschützte Dokumente besonderen gesetzlichen Beschränkungen. Für die wirtschaftliche Verwertung von digitalisierten Druckmedien ist daher neben der inhaltlichen Erschließung auch der Einsatz von geeigneten Leseanwendungen notwendig. Das Fraunhofer-Institut Intelligente Analyse- und Informationssysteme (IAIS) entwickelt Techniken,um diese Herausforderungen zu meistern.
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Steinke, T.: Webarchivierung als internationale Aufgabe (2015)
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- Abstract
- Das Web selbst ist international, und daher kann eine umfassende Webarchivierung nur in internationaler Zusammenarbeit gelingen. Eine breite Webarchivierung erfolgt vor allem durch die US-amerikanische Organisation Internet Archive und durch Nationalbibliotheken auf nationaler Ebene. Der Artikel stellt einige dieser Webarchive vor. Eine übergreifende Zusammenarbeit sowohl auf technischer als auch organisatorischer Ebene findet im International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) statt. In Arbeitsgruppen und bei Kongressen arbeiten im IIPC Webarchive an Software-Werkzeugen und der Organisation übergreifender Sammlungen. Auch im Bereich der Standardisierung gibt es eine internationale Zusammenarbeit bei der Etablierung einheitlicher Archivformate und gemeinsamer Indikatoren für Statistiken in Webarchiven.
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Münch, V.: They have a dream (2019)
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- Source
- B.I.T.online. 22(2019) H.1, S.25-39
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Strecker, D.: Nutzung der Schattenbibliothek Sci-Hub in Deutschland (2019)
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- Date
- 1. 1.2020 13:22:34
-
Rodrigues, R.S.; Abadal, E.: Scientific journals in Brazil and Spain : alternative publishing models (2014)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes high-quality journals in Brazil and Spain, with an emphasis on the distribution models used. It presents the general characteristics (age, type of publisher, and theme) and analyzes the distribution model by studying the type of format (print or digital), the type of access (open access or subscription), and the technology platform used. The 549 journals analyzed (249 in Brazil and 300 in Spain) are included in the 2011 Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Data on each journal were collected directly from their websites between March and October 2012. Brazil has a fully open access distribution model (97%) in which few journals require payment by authors thanks to cultural, financial, operational, and technological support provided by public agencies. In Spain, open access journals account for 55% of the total and have also received support from public agencies, although to a lesser extent. These results show that there are systems support of open access in scientific journals other than the "author pays" model advocated by the Finch report for the United Kingdom.
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Hu, B.; Dong, X.; Zhang, C.; Bowman, T.D.; Ding, Y.; Milojevic, S.; Ni, C.; Yan, E.; Larivière, V.: ¬A lead-lag analysis of the topic evolution patterns for preprints and publications (2015)
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- Abstract
- This study applied LDA (latent Dirichlet allocation) and regression analysis to conduct a lead-lag analysis to identify different topic evolution patterns between preprints and papers from arXiv and the Web of Science (WoS) in astrophysics over the last 20 years (1992-2011). Fifty topics in arXiv and WoS were generated using an LDA algorithm and then regression models were used to explain 4 types of topic growth patterns. Based on the slopes of the fitted equation curves, the paper redefines the topic trends and popularity. Results show that arXiv and WoS share similar topics in a given domain, but differ in evolution trends. Topics in WoS lose their popularity much earlier and their durations of popularity are shorter than those in arXiv. This work demonstrates that open access preprints have stronger growth tendency as compared to traditional printed publications.
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Lorenz, D.: Occupy Publishing! : Wie veröffentlichen wir in Zukunft? (2012)
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- Abstract
- "Über 1000 Mathematikerinnen und Mathematiker aus aller Welt erklären öffentlich ihren Boykott des Elsevier-Verlages auf der Webseite http://thecostofknowledge.com, und unter dem gleichen Namen veröffentlichen 34 namhafte Mathematiker einen offenen Brief, in dem sie in klarer Sprache den Verlag kritisieren (siehe auch die deutsche Übersetzung des offenen Briefes ab Seite 16 dieses Heftes): "What all the signatories do agree on is that Elsevier is an exemplar of everything that is wrong with the current system of commercial publication of mathematics journals, and we will no longer acquiesce to Elsevier's harvesting of the value of our and our colleagues' work." Wie konnte es dazu kommen? Die Geschichte beginnt wahrscheinlich schon dent Ende der 90er Jahre von Rob Kirby, doch mit Hilfe des Web 2.0 hat vor langer Zeit, zuminmit einem offenen Brief sie in den vergangenen Monaten erstaunlich an Fahrt gewonnen. Der Beitrag bietet eine kurze Chronologie der Ereignisse."
