Search (174 results, page 1 of 9)

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Abstract

This study assesses the current state of responsibilities and skill sets required of cataloging professionals. It identifies emerging roles and competencies focusing on the digital environment and relates these to the established knowledge of traditional cataloging standards and practices. We conducted a content analysis of 349 job descriptions advertised in AutoCAT in 2005-2006. Multivariate techniques of cluster and multidimensional-scaling analyses were applied to the data. Analysis of job titles, required and preferred qualifications/skills, and responsibilities lends perspective to the roles that cataloging professionals play in the digital environment. Technological advances increasingly demand knowledge and skills related to electronic resource management, metadata creation, and computer and Web applications. Emerging knowledge and skill sets are increasingly being integrated into the core technical aspects of cataloging such as bibliographic and authority control and integrated library-system management. Management of cataloging functions is also in high demand. The results of the study provide insight on current and future curriculum design of library and information-science programs.

Date

22. 3.2009 19:20:24

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Abstract

This article describes the use of the World Wide Web as a valuable name authority resource and tool for special collections analytic-level cataloging and the specific goal of fully discovering the names of people who lived in the past as well as those from the present. Current tools and initiatives such as the Name Authority Component of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (NACO) and the Library of Congress Name Authority File have a specific mission and are partially helpful. Web resources encompassing special collections are often intricate and require global and enhanced resources to continue what have been the guiding principles, tradition, and value of cataloging: to discover works via many points of entry; to find works by or about the same person, topic, or title; and to continue the great cataloging legacies of standards and cooperation.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

This paper presents findings of a survey an the state of cataloging and metadata education. in ALA-accredited library and information science progranis in North America. The survey was conducted in response to Action Item 5.1 of the "Bibliographic Control of Web Resources: A Library of Congress Action Plan," which focuses an providing metadata education to new LIS professionals. The study found LIS programs increased their reliance an introductory courses to cover cataloging and metadata, but fewer programs than before had a cataloging course requirement. The knowledge of cataloging delivered in introductory courses was basic, and the coverage of metadata was limited to an overview. Cataloging courses showed similarity in coverage and practice and focused an print mater!als. Few cataloging educators provided exercises in metadata record creation using non-AACR standards. Advanced cataloging courses provided in-depth coverage of subject cataloging and the cataloging of nonbook resources, but offered very limited coverage of metadata. Few programs offered full courses an metadata, and even fewer offered advanced metadata courses. Metadata topics were well integrated into LIS curricula, but coverage of metadata courses varied from program to program, depending an the interests of instructors. Educators were forward-looking and agreed an the inclusion of specific knowledge and skills in metadata instruction. A series of actions were proposed to assist educators in providing students with competencies in cataloging and metadata.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

This article endorses the use of Web-based instruction for cataloging education as represented by OCLC's online course, Cataloging Internet Resources Using MARC21 and AACR2. This type of instruction is particularly useful to working catalogers (professional and paraprofessional alike) who cannot spare the time or the expense to attend workshops and seminars in order to receive training in the latest developments in the field. The OCLC course also paves the way for a new standardized program of online cataloging education that will be tailored for working catalogers at all levels of expertise and that will offer specialized, yet convenient, training in a wide variety of formats.

Theme

Computer Based Training

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Abstract

This article provides information on World Wide Web resources that would help catalogers understand the implications of the documents Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), a report of the International Federation of Library Associations Study Group, completed in September 1997. The Online Computer Library Center Office of Research has carried out a number of experiments to assess methods for the WorldCat database. The reports help explain the implications of FRBR concepts for a database such as WorldCat or for one's library catalog. The Research Libraries Group (RLG) has also been experimenting with FRBR concepts as part of the RedLightGreen project. This document, Mining the Catalog, includes a section Delivering the Goods, which includes a description of the group's work with FRBR concepts in a test subset of the RLG Bibliographic Database. The FRBR Display Tool link leads to a download page for the tool. This tool transforms the bibliographic data found in machine-readable cataloguing record files into meaningful by grouping the bibliographic data into the Work, Expression and Manifestation FRBR concepts. By experimenting with the FRBR Display Tool, librarians can see actual displays of library catalog data arranged in the manner described in the publication Displays for Multiple Versions From MARC 21 and FRBR.

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Abstract

Papers on the cataloging of electronic resources have focused on electronic journals and Internet resources such as Web sites and not on electronic books. Electronic books are nonserial monographic resources accessed with a computer either directly or remotely. Rules and standards for cataloging electronic resources have changed and continue to change. This article discusses the electronic book as a unique manifestation and provides practical instruction on the application of current cataloging rules. The cataloging elements covered are control fields and variable data fields, including classification, uniform titles, title information, edition information, type and extent of the resource, publication and distribution information, physical description, series statements, notes, and subject analysis.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

Cataloging and classification has been regarded as a required course in the curricula at all levels of library education in Pakistan. An analysis of the contents of cataloging and classification courses and teaching methodologies of six of the country's eight LIS Departments reveals that cataloging practices of the 1960s and 1970s dominate, a wide scale absence of newer technologies, non-availability of competent teachers, and poor lab facilities both in terms of equipment and library materials. Suggestions include: revision of curricula, arrangements to train cataloging and classification teachers in developed countries, improvement of laboratories, and the organization of continuing education programs.

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Abstract

Studies have revealed that LIS programs of the four library schools in Saudi Arabia are traditional and their cataloging courses do not cover new trends and issues in the organization of information. As a result, graduates of these schools lack the required skills for various cataloging positions, especially in an electronic library environment. Once hired, they need to embark on a continuing education program to develop these skills. The paper aims to review continuing education programs for catalogers offered by various library schools, human resource development institutions, automation vendors, and professional associations in Saudi Arabia. Several other continuing education opportunities available to catalogers, such as Web-based training, professional reading, and electronic discussions lists, are also discussed.

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Abstract

Studying works allows us to see empirically the problem of instantiation of works, both at large and in the catalog. The linkage of relationships among works is a critical goal for information retrieval because the ability to comprehend and select a specific instantiation of a work is crucial for the advancement of scholarship. Hence, the present study examines the instantiation of works among a set of entities known to be popular-best selling books of the 20th century. A sample of best selling works (fiction and non-fiction) from 1900-1999 was constructed. For each work in the sample, all bibliographic records were identified in both OCLC and RLIN as well as instantiations on the World Wide Web. All but one work in the sample exists in multiple instantiations; many have large networks; and complex networks of instantiations have begun to appear in full text on the Web. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of continuing to gather statistical data about works. Solutions devised for the catalog will need to be modified for use in the chaotic environment of the World Wide Web and its successors.

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Abstract

In January 2001, the OCLC Institute released its first online learning course, Cataloging Internet Resources Using MARC21 and AACR2. This research investigated whether participants using this Web-based tool would gain experience equivalent to that of librarians who are already proficient in the skill of cataloging Internet resources. A pre-course/post-course comparison of test results of librarians not experienced with cataloging Internet resources indicated an increase of 35 percent (from 51 to 86 percent) of the correct answers after taking the Web-based course. The group experienced with cataloging Internet resources answered an average of 71 percent of the questions correctly.

Theme

Computer Based Training

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Classification

025.3/071 22

DDC

025.3/071 22

Footnote

Rez. in: KO 33(2006) no.2, S.119-20 (S.S. Intner): "This survey of cataloging education around the world offers readers a rich menu of experiences, educational offerings, and approaches to the subject of cataloging education as it is currently practiced in 24 countries of the world, excluding the United States and Canada. The exclusion does not mean that English-speaking countries are entirely absent from the book, however. Two nations outside North America, South Africa (in one chapter) and Australia (in two chapters), are covered. The chapters are organized geographically, beginning with the African continent, and followed by several each under headings for Asia, Australia (two chapters), Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East. Nations whose cataloging education programs are described include (in order of presentation) Botswana, Nigeria, South Africa, China (both the People's Republic of China and Taiwan), India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Austria and Germany (described together in one chapter), Poland, Slovenia, Spain, the British Isles (England, Scotland, and Wales), Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Egypt, Iran, Israel, and Saudi Arabia. As readers might expect, many chapters reflect common experiences among the countries, particularly regarding the proliferation of subjects in competition with cataloging and classification in library school curricula. There are also some common problems, such as dealing with the changes in education and training prompted by automation. Generally, computer-based cataloging is not a new issue anywhere, although in some areas of the world, catalogers still work with manual systems. Describing cataloging education in Nigeria, J. I. Iwe states: "... the card catalogue is still being used in all libraries, including the University of Calabar library where the only library school in the state exists (p. 33)." In other places, computer infrastructure has developed to a level that supports coursework online. As Linda M. Cloete writes, "The ultimate goal of the training resource program is to develop an online, fully interactive course: an online virtual cataloging classroom (p. 66)."
The eternal debate in the teaching of cataloging over theory versus practice emerges in this volume. As Li Si suggests in describing cataloging education in the People's Republic of China, the matter might be laid at the door of the faculty, stating, "Although the majority of teaching faculty members in the library and information science programs have a solid theoretical foundation from their school education and training, they do not normally possess practical work experience in their field of specialty and they are not familiar with the application of technologies in the field. In order to enhance their practical skills, these faculty members should be given the opportunity to work in libraries... This way, they would be able to put theory into practice and gain rich, practical field experience, thus improving the relevance and quality of their teaching (p. 97)." One wonders how warmly faculty members would welcome that kind of opportunity! On the other hand, in many places, onthe-job training is weak, as Shoichi Taniguchi describes it in Japan, "on the job training and continuing education are neither encouraged nor promoted (p. 132)." Among the most interesting and important aspects of this book are the tables of hard data it presents. Almost every chapter reports on surveys done by the authors on the state of library education in general and/or the kinds of offerings in cataloging and classification available within their countries. Some authors also include statistics on the numbers of persons receiving certificates, diplomas, and/or master's degrees, which is useful in understanding the different levels of expertise being developed over time. While one could argue that there are gaps in coverage, with large, influential countries such as France and Italy in Europe, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile in South America, and Thailand and Myanmar in Asia, left out of the book, for the most part there is good representation from different parts of the globe. Education for Library Cataloging is a good choice as a textbook for coursework in International Librarianship as well as a primer in what to expect if one's information center is affiliated with partners outside the United States and Canada. This book should be seen as an important "must read" for all library students and practitioners concerned about issues of increasing globalization in bibliographic control. It is highly recommended."

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Abstract

Forty years ago the ICCP in Paris laid the foundations of international co-operation in descriptive cataloging without explicitly speaking of authority control. Some of the factors in the evolution of authority control are the development of catalogs (from card catalog to local automation, to today's OPAC on the Web) and services provided by libraries (from individual service to local users to system networks, to the World Wide Web), as well as international agreements on cataloging (from Paris Principles to the UBC programme, to the report on Mandatory data elements for internationally shared resource authority records). This evolution progressed from the principle of uniform heading to the definition of authority entries and records, and from the responsibility of national bibliographic agencies for the form of the names of their own authors to be shared internationally to the concept of authorized equivalent heading. Some issues of the present state are the persisting differences among national rules and the aim of respecting both local culture and language and international readability.

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Abstract

The current state of graduate bibliographic control education in the United States is examined through reviewing the literature, analyzing Web sites for 48 LIS programs, and corresponding with and interviewing bibliographic control educators. In reviewing the recent bibliographic control education literature, six primary themes were identified: background/contextual information, theory versus practice, responsibilities and skills needed by catalogers, relations between educators and practitioners, the universality of cataloging, and curricular issues. Each of these areas is examined in depth. The study conducted examined the number and types of bibliographic control education available in LIS programs in the US. It also collected information on which textbooks were being used in each course. It appears from the study that some courses are increasing in number. The primary areas of bibliographic control education examined include organizing information, technical services, classification theory, indexing, thesaurus construction, cataloging technology, and basic, advanced, descriptive, subject, non-book, Internet resources, and music cataloging courses.

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Abstract

This study examines the use of the Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) within three digital collections. It identifies the MODS metadata elements that evidence the most frequently occurring inconsistent and inaccurate application. For this, a total of sixty metadata records (twenty from each collection) were collected. The surveyed collections cover a wide range of material from digitized sound recordings and monographs, pre-1800 imprints to born-digital web resources. As a means of comparison in evaluating the quality of the metadata, local guidelines for the MODS metadata application are also consulted in order to determine the usage of MODS metadata elements in local collections against the guidelines. Analysis of the surveyed data drawn from the three collections shows that the five most frequently used elements (titleInfo, originInfo, recordInfo, physicalDescription and subject) appeared in 86 percent of the records. The total number of MODS elements represented in each collection ranged from twelve to fifteen (out of 20 MODS top-elements). Results of this study indicate that the MODS metadata scheme is suitable for describing a wide range of materials and resource types. The results also indicate that easily accessible local guidelines for metadata creation contribute significantly to the consistent and accurate application of the MODS metadata scheme.

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Abstract

As libraries attempt to incorporate increasing amounts of electronic resources into their catalogs, utilizing a growing variety of metadata standards, library and information science programs are grappling with how to educate catalogers to meet these challenges. In this paper, an employer considers the characteristics and skills that catalogers will need and how they might acquire them.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

Despite its young age compared to similar programs in the United States, cataloging instruction in Israel has also been transformed to reflect the changes in the work done in libraries based on technological innovations and conceptions held by those involved in academia. Cataloging instruction in Israel is marked by a number of factors: * There has always been a division, carried through to today, between distinct and independent courses on various aspects of cataloging: A course on classification, a course on descriptive cataloging and a course on indexing. Even today, these courses are requirements in all of the instructional frameworks, though the length of the course has been reduced over the years * Over the years additional courses have been introduced as a reflection of the technological developments and work in the field * The majority of courses are now taught in computer labs * Switch to instruction by academics and not by librarians, workers in the field, as was customary for many decades * Focus of instruction in university departments on theory and understanding of concepts.

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Abstract

Cataloging rules for computer-based materials were first introduced in the 1970s, and since then have undergone almost continuous modification and revision. This article focuses on analysis and comparison of the various codes and guidelines for practice issued for what are now called electronic resources. Creation of new cataloging rules has been spurred by introduction of new physical carriers, the preeminence of materials accessed remotely versus those with physical carriers, the need for guidance in cataloging specific instances of computer-based materials, and the evolution of the theoretical concerns underlying the cataloging codes. Based on this history of constant change, it is easy to predict many more changes in the cataloging standards for computer-based materials in the future. However, continuous changes in the cataloging rules may have produced as much confusion as clarity for working catalogers. Caution should be exercised in the creation of new rules and standards for cataloging electronic resources, as it is possible that older rules and standards may, in fact, be readily adapted to new types of electronic resources.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

The future of bibliographic control will be collaborative, decentralized, international in scope, and Web-based. Its realization will occur in cooperation with the private sector, and with the active collaboration of library users. Data will be gathered from multiple sources; change will happen quickly; and bibliographic control will be dynamic, not static. The underlying technology that makes this future possible and necessary-the World Wide Web-is now almost two decades old. Libraries must continue the transition to this future without delay in order to retain their relevance as information providers. The Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control encourages the library community to take a thoughtful and coordinated approach to effecting significant changes in bibliographic control. Such an approach will call for leadership that is neither unitary nor centralized. Nor will the responsibility to provide such leadership fall solely to the Library of Congress (LC). That said, the Working Group recognizes that LC plays a unique role in the library community of the United States, and the directions that LC takes have great impact on all libraries. We also recognize that there are many other institutions and organizations that have the expertise and the capacity to play significant roles in the bibliographic future. Wherever possible, those institutions must step forward and take responsibility for assisting with navigating the transition and for playing appropriate ongoing roles after that transition is complete. To achieve the goals set out in this document, we must look beyond individual libraries to a system wide deployment of resources. We must realize efficiencies in order to be able to reallocate resources from certain lower-value components of the bibliographic control ecosystem into other higher-value components of that same ecosystem. The recommendations in this report are directed at a number of parties, indicated either by their common initialism (e.g., "LC" for Library of Congress, "PCC" for Program for Cooperative Cataloging) or by their general category (e.g., "Publishers," "National Libraries"). When the recommendation is addressed to "All," it is intended for the library community as a whole and its close collaborators.
The Library of Congress must begin by prioritizing the recommendations that are directed in whole or in part at LC. Some define tasks that can be achieved immediately and with moderate effort; others will require analysis and planning that will have to be coordinated broadly and carefully. The Working Group has consciously not associated time frames with any of its recommendations. The recommendations fall into five general areas: 1. Increase the efficiency of bibliographic production for all libraries through increased cooperation and increased sharing of bibliographic records, and by maximizing the use of data produced throughout the entire "supply chain" for information resources. 2. Transfer effort into higher-value activity. In particular, expand the possibilities for knowledge creation by "exposing" rare and unique materials held by libraries that are currently hidden from view and, thus, underused. 3. Position our technology for the future by recognizing that the World Wide Web is both our technology platform and the appropriate platform for the delivery of our standards. Recognize that people are not the only users of the data we produce in the name of bibliographic control, but so too are machine applications that interact with those data in a variety of ways. 4. Position our community for the future by facilitating the incorporation of evaluative and other user-supplied information into our resource descriptions. Work to realize the potential of the FRBR framework for revealing and capitalizing on the various relationships that exist among information resources. 5. Strengthen the library profession through education and the development of metrics that will inform decision-making now and in the future. The Working Group intends what follows to serve as a broad blueprint for the Library of Congress and its colleagues in the library and information technology communities for extending and promoting access to information resources.

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Abstract

The current library bibliographic infrastructure was constructed in the early days of computers - before the Web, XML, and a variety of other technological advances that now offer new opportunities. General requirements of a modern metadata infrastructure for libraries are identified, including such qualities as versatility, extensibility, granularity, and openness. A new kind of metadata infrastructure is then proposed that exhibits at least some of those qualities. Some key challenges that must be overcome to implement a change of this magnitude are identified.

Date

9.12.2005 19:22:38

Source

Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.175-181

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Abstract

Information technology (IT) encompassing an integrated library system, computer hardware and software, CDROM, Internet, and other domains, including MARC 21 formats, CORC, and metadata standards (Dublin Core, TEI, XML, RDF) has produced far-reaching changes in the job functions of catalogers. Libraries are now coming up with a new set of recruiting requirements for these positions. This paper aims to review job advertisements published in American Libraries (AL) and College and Research Libraries News (C&RL NEWS) to assess the impact of the use of IT in libraries an job requirements and qualifications for catalogers.

Source

Information technology and libraries. 22(2003) no. March, S.18-21