-
Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.: Entering the millennium : a new century for LCSH (2000)
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- Abstract
- Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), a system originally designed as a tool for subject access to the Library's own collection in the late nineteenth century, has become, in the course of the last century, the main subject retrieval tool in library catalogs throughout the United States and in many other countries. It is one of the largest non-specialized controlled vocabularies in the world. As LCSH enters a new century, it faces an information environment that has undergone vast changes from what had prevailed when LCSH began, or, indeed, from its state in the early days of the online age. In order to continue its mission and to be useful in spheres outside library catalogs as well, LCSH must adapt to the multifarious environment. One possible approach is to adopt a series of scalable and flexible syntax and application rules to meet the needs of different user communities
- Date
- 27. 5.2001 16:22:21
-
Anderson, J.D.; Pérez-Carballo, J.: Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) (2009)
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- Abstract
- Library of Congress Subject Headings (LSCH), which celebrated its 100th birthday in 1998, is the largest cataloging and indexing language in the world for the indication of the topics and formats of books and similar publications. It consists of a controlled list of main headings, many with subdivisions, with a rich system of cross references. It is supported by the U.S. government, and undergoes systematic revision. In recent decades its managers have begun to confront challenges such as biased terminology, complicated syntax (how terms are put together to form headings), and effective displays in electronic media. Many suggestions have been made for its improvement, including moving to a fully faceted system.
- Date
- 27. 8.2011 14:22:13
-
Sears' list of subject headings (2018)
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- Abstract
- The system is available both in print and online versions. Names a few new subject headings in areas like science, technology, engineering and medicine (STEM). In this edition, there are a total of 1,600 new headings making it a total of 12,000+ preferred headings meant for subject access in small and medium sized libraries. This unprecedented increase of about 1,600 headings is mostly due the complete incorporation of the Canadian Sears last published independently in 2006. Also critically examines inconsistencies in a few headings. Concludes to say the new edition in resplendent, hard binding maintains its stellar reputation of a handy list of general subject headings both for applications and a teaching resource.
- Date
- 21.12.2018 18:22:12
-
Viti, E.: My first ten years : nuovo soggettario growing, development and integration with other knowledge organization systems (2017)
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- Abstract
- The Nuovo Soggettario is a subject indexing system edited by the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze. It was presented to librarians from across Italy on 8 February 2007 in Florence as a new edition of the Soggettario (1956), and it has become the official Italian subject indexing tool. This system is made up of two individual and interactive components: the general thesaurus, accessible on the web since 2007 and the rules of a conventional syntax for the construction of subject strings. The Nuovo soggettario thesaurus has grown significantly in terms of terminology and connections with other knowledge organization tools (e.g., encyclopedias, dictionaries, resources of archives and museums, and other information data sets), offering the users the possibility to browse through documents, books, objects, photographs, etc. The conversion of the Nuovo soggettario thesaurus into formats suitable for the semantic web and linked data world improves its function as an interlinking hub for direct searching and for organizing content by different professional communities. Thanks to structured data and the SKOS format, the Nuovo soggettario thesaurus is published on the Data Hub platform, thus giving broad visibility to the BNCF and its precious patrimony.
- Content
- Beitrag eines Special Issue: ISKO-Italy: 8' Incontro ISKO Italia, Università di Bologna, 22 maggio 2017, Bologna, Italia.
-
Sauperl, A.: Precoordination or not? : a new view of the old question (2009)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - This paper aims to discuss some long-standing issues of the development of a subject heading language as pre- or postcoordinated. Design/methodology/approach - In a review of literature on pre- and postcoordination and user behaviour, 20 criteria originally discussed by Svenonius are considered. Findings - The advantages and disadvantages of pre- and postcoordinated systems are on a very similar level. Most subject heading languages developed recently are precoordinated. They all require investments in highly skilled intellectual work, and are therefore expensive and difficult to maintain. Postcoordinated systems seem to have more advantages for information providers, but less for users. However, most of these disadvantages could be overcome by known information retrieval models and techniques. Research limitations/implications - The criteria originally discussed by Svenonius are difficult to evaluate in an exact manner. Some of them are also irrelevant because of changes in information retrieval systems. Practical implications - It was found that the decision on whether to use a pre- or postcoordinated system cannot be taken independent of consideration of the subject authority file and the functions of an information retrieval system, which should support users on one hand and information providers and indexers on the other. Originality/value - This literature review brings together some findings that have not been considered together previously.
- Date
- 20. 6.2010 14:22:43
-
Chan, L.M.: Library of Congress Subject Headings : principles and application (1995)
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- Date
- 25.11.2005 18:37:22
-
Leth, P.; Berg, I.: Subject indexing in Sweden (2008)
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- Abstract
- This article will look into subject indexing in Sweden today and give some ideas of the future. Our Swedish subject heading system is pre-coordinated and based on Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). We think subject access is important but it is not always easy to apply correctly and we present some ideas on how to make it easier. We will first give a summary of the creation of the Swedish subject heading system and how it works today. We will also describe a new project, the TGM project, that was completed at the end of 2007. Another work that will be described is the indexing of fiction and children's literature.
-
(Sears') List of Subject Headings (1994)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Knowledge organization 22(1995) no.1, S.45-46 (M.P. Satija)
-
Studwell, W.E.: Why not an 'AACR' for subject headings? (1985)
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- Date
- 7. 1.2007 13:22:01
-
Hearn, S.: Comparing catalogs : currency and consistency of controlled headings (2009)
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- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
MacEwan, A.: LCSH and the British Library : an international subject authority database? (1996)
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- Abstract
- The LCSH system is still an important part of the future for subject access to catalogues of bibliographic records. The British Library has decided to reinstate LCSH to records created for the BNB, because of the economic necessity of cooperation and because it provides an available common standard. Outlines development plans for the LCSH, and the British Library's involvement through its participation in the Subject Authorities Cooperative programme. It will also be involved in: training in the application of LCSH, and indexing of works of literature and fiction. The cooperative trend is now towards the creation of an international subject authority database
-
Sears' list of subject headings (2010)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: KO 38(2011) no.4, S.360-361 (M.P. Satija): "The 20th edition of the celebrated Sears List (1sted.1923) published in June 2010 sets a new cycle of three year revision. Earlier it was three and a half years to synchronize with the publication of the new edition of the Abridged Dewey revised after every seven years. In the days of constantly updated WebDewey, it is no more a constraint. For the first time Sears List has been released simultaneously in online database format accessible to licensed subscribers. Responding to the environmental changes the basic edition is the online one whose content is designed in MARC authority. Print edition is now a derivative of the MARC data. The editors keep tabs on the changing information seeking behavior of users and how OPACs are accessed; yet the editors or the publishers never discuss the mechanisms of designing a new edition. The new edition features more than 300 new subject headings suggested by librarians from different types of libraries, vendors of bibliographic records, indexers and subject specialists at the H.W. Wilson Company. Every new edition incorporates advances in vocabulary control, changing approaches of library users for subject access and even in the worldwide use of the English language. Each edition of the Sears List strengthens and continues the policies and consolidates the reforms that began with the 15th edition (1994). It is indeed an era of innovations in Sears. The latest knowledge from information science and information seeking behavior has been deployed to modernize the internal structure and grammar of the Sears List. Continuing adaptation constitutes the key to its success and popularity in the shifting sands of the information-seeking behavior of users. But the List is still a living manifestation of the principles of subject cataloguing put forth by C.A. Cutter (1837-1903).
. . . To summarize, as usual the List continues to provide complete guidance for the subject cataloguers for the maintenance of catalogues, for addition of new headings, and revision of the old ones. Its Introduction is clear and well illustrated, so much so that not only it is an illustrated operational manual to the Sears but also a concise textbook to teach principles and theory of the subject headings. Due to its affordable price and portability it is used to teach basics of subject headings in first year of Knowledge Organization courses. It also acts as an excellent and easy index to the DDC (Weihs 2004). The new edition should be welcome both for subject cataloguers and for teachers of subject cataloguing work."
-
Hartley, J.; Sydes, M.: Which layout do you prefer? : an analysis of readers' preferences for different typographic layouts of structured abstracts (1996)
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- Source
- Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.1, S.27-37
-
(Sears') List of Subject Headings (1997)
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- Content
- Vorgänger: 'List of Subject Headings for small libraries, compiled from lists used in nine representative small libraries', Ed.: M.E. Sears. - 1st ed. 1923. - 2nd ed. 1926. - 3rd ed. 1933. - 4th ed. 1939, Ed.: I.S. Monro. - 5th ed. 1944: 'Sears List of Subject Headings', Ed. I. S. Monro. - 6th ed. 1950, Ed.: B.M. Frick. - 7th ed. 1954 - 8th ed. 1959. - 'List of Subject Headings'. - 9th. ed. 1965, Ed.: B.M. Westby. - 10th ed. 1972. - 11th ed. 1977. - 12th ed. 1982. - 13th ed. 1986, Ed.: C. Rovira u. C. Reyes. - 14th ed. 1991. Ed. M.T. Mooney. - 15th ed. 1994, Ed.: J. Miller // Rez. 15th ed.: Knowledge organization 22(1995) no.1, S.45-46 (M.P. Satija)
-
MacEwan, A.: Crossing language barriers in Europe : Linking LCSH to other subject heading languages (2000)
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- Date
- 27. 5.2001 16:22:10
-
O'Neill, E.T.; Chan, L.M.; Childress, E.; Dean, R.; El-Hoshy, L.M.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: Form subdivisions : their identification and use in LCSH (2001)
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- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Cheti, A.; Viti, E.: Functionality and merits of a faceted thesaurus : the case of the Nuovo soggettario (2023)
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- Date
- 26.11.2023 18:59:22
-
Gnoli, C.: Knowledge organization in Italy (2004)
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- Content
- "Subject headings Many Italian libraries create subject headings for their catalogues, using as a reference guide the "Soggettario per i catalogui delle biblioteche italiane." This is basically a list of subject terms created by the Biblioteca nazionale centrale di Firenze (BNCF), first published in 1956 and later updated with various lists of new subject headings. Though the Soggettario is still the main available reference, librarians are generally aware that it is outdated in both vocabulary and structure, especially as it does not provide explicit principles and rules to create and combine subject headings. A research group, called the Gruppo di ricerca sull'indicizzazione per soggetto (GRIS), was founded in 1990. It was devoted to improving the principles and consistency of subject indexing. Its members have performed in depth investigations of the structure of subject headings, starting with the principles of facet analysis used in PRECIS and including original developments. Results of their work are coded into the Guida all'indicizzazione per soggetto, published in 1996 and available also online <http:// wwwaib.it/aib/commiss/gris/gulda.htm>. The GRIS guide does not concern vocabulary, but morphological and syntactical rules for choosing and combining terms according to a sound citation order, based an a "role scheme." Unfortunately, GRIS principles have been applied only in a small number of libraries, mainly in Tuscany, rohere most GRIS members are located. A new project is now attempting to blend the traditional authority of the Soggettario with the more advanced principles of GRIS. A working group has been formed with people from BNCF, GRIS, and others, to study the feasibility of a renewal of the Soggettario. The group produced a report book in 2002, specifying the desirable features of the new system, and is at present searching for grants to implement it.
Terminology and thesauri BNCF is also involved in a working group collecting information an online terminological resources <http://wwwindire.it/websemantico>. The group is headed by Paola Capitani, and has organized several roundtables an terminology in special domains, such as economy, fashion, law, and education. Thesauri are generally poorly known and used in Italy, although there are significant exceptions: among faceted systems we can mention the "Thesauro italiano di sociologia," published in 1999, and the "Thesaurus regionale toscano," as well as specialized an social sciences including a general outline, available both in print (1996) and online <http:// www regione.toscana.it/ius/ns-thesaurus/>. Classification systems The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is by far the most widespread classification scheme in Italian libraries. A working group, coordinated by Luigi Crocetti, regularly translates the new editions of DDC manuals, and gives refresher courses an it for librarians. BNCF makes DDC numbers for bibliographical records both of its own catalogue, and of the national bibliography (= Bibliografia nazionale italiana: BNI), which is available for other libraries in a CD-ROM edition. A very large number of public libraries use DDC for their shelfmarks, so that users are accustomed to it. This situation is different from other European countries, e.g., Spain where UDC is widespread."
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Svenonius, E.: LCSH: semantics, syntax and specifity (2000)
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- Abstract
- This paper looks at changes affecting LCSH over its 100-year history. Adopting a linguistic conceptualization, it frames these changes as relating to the semantics, syntax and pragmatics of the LCSH language. While its category semantics has remained stable over time, the LCSH relational semantics underwent a significant upheaval when a thesaural structure was imposed upon its traditional See and See also structure. Over time the LCSH syntax has become increasingly complex as it has moved from being largely enumerative to in large part synthetic. Until fairly recently the LCSH pragmatics consisted of only one rule, viz, the injunction to assign specific headings. This rule, always controversial, has become even more debated and interpreted with the move to the online environment
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Svenonius, E.: LCSH: semantics, syntax and specifity (2000)
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- Abstract
- This paper looks at changes affecting LCSH over its 100-year history. Adopting a linguistic conceptualization, it frames these changes as relating to the semantics, syntax and pragmatics of the LCSH language. While its category semantics has remained stable over time, the LCSH relational semantics underwent a significant upheaval when a thesaural structure was imposed upon its traditional See and See also structure. Over time the LCSH syntax has become increasingly complex as it has moved from being largely enumerative to in large part synthetic. Until fairly recently the LCSH pragmatics consisted of only one rule, viz, the injunction to assign specific headings. This rule, always controversial, has become even more debated and interpreted with the move to the online environment
