Search (5 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

We discuss the issues of resolving the information-retrieval problem in large digital collections through the identification and use of document genres. Explicit identification of genre seems particularly important for such collections because any search usually retrieves documents with a diversity of genres that are undifferentiated by obvious clues as to their identity. Also, because most genres are characterized by both form and purpose, identifying the genre of a document provides information as to the document's purpose and its fit to the user's situation, which can be otherwise difficult to assess. We begin by outlining the possible role of genre identification in the information-retrieval process. Our assumption is that genre identification would enhance searching, first because we know that topic alone is not enough to define an information problem and, second, because search results containing genre information would be more easily understandable. Next, we discuss how information professionals have traditionally tackled the issues of representing genre in settings where topical representation is the norm. Finally, we address the issues of studying the efficacy of identifying genre in large digital collections. Because genre is often an implicit notion, studying it in a systematic way presents many problems. We outline a research protocol that would provide guidance for identifying Web document genres, for observing how genre is used in searching and evaluating search results, and finally for representing and visualizing genres.

Source

Library trends. 52(2004) no.2, S.345-361

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Abstract

We report on the process and difficulties of building a taxonomy of genres of digital documents. The taxonomy is being created to be used in the experimental phase of an ongoing study to learn about the usefulness of providing genre information to support information-seeking tasks. To build the taxonomy, we conducted field studies to collect webpage-genre information from 55 respondents: K-12 teachers, journalists, and engineers, who routinely use the web for information seeking. Challenges described in this paper include the difficulties respondents experienced in identifying and naming genres and that the researchers faced in unambiguously linking the genre identifications with clues to genre attributes and purposes.

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Abstract

This paper reports on a portion of a larger ongoing project. We address the issues of information organization and retrieval in large, active commercial websites. More specifically, we address the use of classification for providing access to the contents of such sites. We approach this analysis by describing the functionality and structure of the classification scheme of one such representative, large, active, commercial websites: eBay.com, a web-based auction site for millions of users and items. We compare eBay's classification scheme with the Art & Architecture Thesaurus, which is a tool for describing and providing access to material culture.

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Abstract

The authors describe the difficulties of translating classifications from a source language and culture to another language and culture. To demonstrate these problems, kinship terms and concepts from native speakers of fourteen languages were collected and analyzed to find differences between their terms and structures and those used in English. Using the representations of kinship terms in the Library of Congress Classification (LCC) and the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) as examples, the authors identified the source of possible lack of mapping between the domain of kinship in the fourteen languages studied and the LCC and DDC. Finally, some preliminary suggestions for how to make translated classifications more linguistically and culturally hospitable are offered.

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Content

1. Introduction We recognize that many difficulties arise in the process of translation of a classification system from the source to another language and culture. Clare Beghtol (2002) argues that making classifications culturally hospitable by including provisions for specific aspects of a culture will enhance its utility. In this paper we analyse orte instance of a classification translation, namely the Korean Decimal Classification (KDC) and compare it to the classification from which it emerged, the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). For a classification designed from orte perspective and for orte culture to be hospitable to a different culture and language it must take into account other possible relationships, and other possible way of identifying and labeling concepts. Among these are finding corresponding terminology and being able to reflect the relationship between terms in the target language correctly. The aim of this study was to describe how the KDC coped with such translation and adaptation issues. In a previous study (Kwasnik & Rubin, in press) we interviewed native speakers in fourteen languages and described the way in which common kinship terms, such as mother, grandparents, and children, differ from the English, not only lexically, but also in the way in which the terms are construed and related to each other. We compared the terms gathered from these Interviews with their position and use in the Dewey Decimal and Library of Congress classifications. We proceeded from concepts collected from individuals to the concepts already in place in an existing classification scheme. This provided us with a set of classification-translation issues that served as a framework for analysis in the present study. Using the framework, we explored the Situation where an existing scheme has already been adapted into another language and culture. By comparing sections of the KDC with the DDC, from which it was adapted, we could describe how and whether the potential problems identified in the earlier study are accommodated in this translated classification scheme.