Search (50 results, page 1 of 3)

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Abstract

The paper will give a short outline of the project DDC German. The project is not limited to a mere translation of DDC 22, but aims at the implementation of Dewey in the library networks of the German-language countries. Use of DDC mainly for retrieval purposes, not for shelving, leads to certain new aspects in classifying with Dewey which are described in detail and presented together with the German web service Melvil. Based an the German experience of cooperation and data exchange in the field of verbal indexing the paper develops some ideas an future Dewey cooperation between European and American libraries.

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Abstract

This paper aims at exploring the changes in the role and representation of information retrieval languages, particularly the UDC system in the digital, online environment and the Internet. The Totalzoom Technology takes a different approach, with the help of which even a lay user can easily navigate in the "informational space". This system follows the free associative nature of human thinking. Technically, it works with the wide degree of freedom afforded by a logical-associative network, coupled with a hierarchical search tree as an inner auxiliary structure.

Content

1. Introduction The use of classical classification methods are a strong tradition in Hungary. One of the most widespread systems is the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). We can find it in every type of library and at various levels. Perhaps it is not an overstatement to say that every library has used the UDC at least once in its history, and most of them still use it. Such standardization has been very wide and desirable, although the UDC has not become as popular a system among users everywhere as it has in Hungary. Naturally there are other information retrieval languages, too. They have been used by many libraries, but generally these institutions build their own subject system, own thesaurus, etc. There have also been attempts at creating a Hungarian General Subject s, like a Library of Congress Subject Headings or Regeln für den Schlagwortkatalog. Another project was the KÖZTAURUSZ (Comprehensive Thesaurus for the Public Libraries) and the National Széchényi Library's thesaurus. To what do we owe such a variety of approaches? The typical answer of 15-20 years ago was that the UDC lacked flexibility, its codes could not readily be used in integrated library systems, its terms were out of date and not concrete enough, etc.

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Abstract

Most Swedish libraries use a Swedish classification scheme called SAB, but a switch to Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is under consideration. The question of a Swedish switch to DDC was treated as part of a Catalogue Survey, conducted during 2006. Summarising the study, there is a lot to be said for a Swedish switch to DDC. If a switch became reality, mappings between SAB and DDC would play a crucial role as an aid both for librarians and library users. The article describes a project where a DDC arrangement of the Swedish National Bibliography should be achieved through mapping of the captions in the SAB arrangement. The methodology used is described, and problems are discussed. The article includes a comparison of DDC numbers achieved through mapping and manually added DDC numbers in a sample of bibliographic records. Future plans for DDC in Sweden are also discussed.

Date

14. 8.2008 11:22:44

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Content

Digital unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043240. Vgl.: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/book/10.1081/E-ELIS3.

Source

Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates

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Content

Digital unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043532. Vgl.: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/book/10.1081/E-ELIS3.

Source

Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates

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Content

Der dann folgende Vortrag von Joan Mitchell mit dem programmatischen Titel "Locality and universality in the DDC" gab zuerst einen Überblick über die laufenden Übersetzungsprojekte, bezogen auf die Ed. 22, nämlich: Französisch, Italienisch, Spanisch, Griechisch, Arabisch und Chinesisch. Bezogen auf die Abridged Ed. 14 außerdem: Hebräisch und Vietnamesisch. Sie erwähnte auch den Einsatz von Dewey bei internationalen Projekten wie der "World Digital Library". Der zentrale Punkt des Vortrags betraf dann den Spagat zwischen ,Localization and Interoperability', d.h. zwischen Anpassung an regionale Gegebenheiten (wie z.B. Unterschiede in den Bereichen des Rechts- und Erziehungssystems) auf der einen Seite und Festhalten an der Durchgängigkeit der Bedeutung über alle Sprachen und Kulturen hinweg. Wie auch Magda Heiner-Freiling in ihrem Vortrag hinwies, hat sich die amerikanisch geprägte DDC im Zuge der Übersetzungsprojekte zwar schrittweise den Bedürfnissen der Benutzer in anderen Erdteilen geöffnet, dennoch bestehen noch zahlreiche Schwierigkeiten. Das von Heiner-Freiling erwähnte Beispiel der Pädagogik zeigte aber auch, dass Vorsicht bei Alleingängen auf nationaler Ebene geboten ist, da z.B. im Zuge des Bologna-Prozesses auch in Europa amerikanische institutionelle Strukturen und Terminologie im Bildungswesen Einzug halten. Weitere Vorträge befassten sich mit der Arbeit an elektronischen Verfahren zur automatischen Analyse von DDC-Notationen (Ulrike Reiner aus Göttingen), mit der DDC-Übersetzungs-Software, die für die Übersetzung ins Deutsche entwickelt wurde und nun auch in allen anderen Sprachen im Einsatz ist (Peter Werling, Fa. Pansoft) bzw. mit der DDC-Suche in verschiedenen Webportalen (Lars G. Svensson, DNB). Der abschließende Vortrag von Magda Heiner-Freiling (DNB) ging dann wieder ins Programmatische mit dem Vorschlag, eine gemeinsame European DDC Users Group (EDUG) zu gründen, um gemeinsame Anliegen der europäischen Dewey-User, was z.B. die anfangs erwähnten Probleme in einzelnen Bereichen betrifft, gemeinsam gegenüber den amerikanischen Herausgebern zu vertreten, um so mehr Einfluss auf die künftige Entwicklung der DDC zu haben.
Wer sich näher für einzelne Themen interessiert, hat die Möglichkeit, auf der Homepage der Schweizer Nationalbibliothek die Präsentationsunterlagen der einzelnen Vorträge einzusehen (http://www.nb.admin.ch/slb/slb_professionnel/projektarbeit/00729/01615/01675/index.html?lang=de). Ziel des zweiten Tages war die Gründung einer europäischen DDC-Anwendergruppe zum Zweck der Vernetzung und Planung für die gemeinsame Entwicklungsarbeit. Anwesend waren Vertreterinnen der Nationalbibliotheken von Großbritannien, Deutschland, Frankreich, Schweden, Norwegen, Italien, Schweiz und Österreich sowie eine Vertreterin von OCLC. Eingeladen hatten die Nationalbibliotheken von Deutschland und der Schweiz. Vormittags wurde eine allgemeine Diskussion über die Ziele und Möglichkeiten einer solchen Anwendergruppe sowie allgemein über die Vorteile einer DDC-Anwendung in Europa diskutiert. Ziele von EDUG könnten sein: - Monitoring der europäischen DDC-Anwendungen - Kenntnis der unterschiedlichen Anwendungsregeln in den verschiedenen Ländern - Zugang auch zu den DDC-Übersetzungen in anderen Sprachen samt Expansionen - Zusammenarbeit beim Angebot von "built numbers" Zusammenarbeit mit OCLC als Vertreterin von europäischen Anliegen (die am Vortag ausführlich angesprochen worden waren) - Harmonisierung der Änderungen in den verschiedensprachigen Ausgaben (21./22. Ed., unterschiedliche Erweiterungen, anderer Sprachgebrauch) - Kooperation bei der Realisierung von technischen Plänen wie z.B. die automatische Klassifikation von Online-Dokumenten oder dem Mapping zu anderen Klassifikationssystemen - Weitergabe von Know-how und Erfahrungen an andere Interessierte Spontan wurden drei Arbeitsgruppen ins Leben gerufen, und zwar eine für technische Angelegenheiten und zwei inhaltliche für die kritischen Bereiche Recht und Erziehung. Nachmittags wurden die Satzungen von EDUG diskutiert und überarbeitet. Bei vielen Punkten wurde Übereinkunft erzielt. Einzelne Fragen blieben noch offen und sollen beim nächsten Treffen - wahrscheinlich im April 2008 in Frankfurt - endgültig fixiert werden."

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Abstract

When we first began discussing with Peter Paulson, executive director of OCLC Forest Press, the possibility of translating into Spanish the twentieth edition of the Dewey Decimal Classification, and even during the initial contact we had with the late John A. Humphry, we knew that the project would be a complex and hard task. The reality was that the project exceeded all expectations and was much more complex and difficult than we had anticipated. This not only made it more interesting for those who participated in its development, but also made it an extraordinary challenge, especially due to the time frame initially foreseen for its development: eight to ten months. Once we agreed with Peter Paulson on the basic terms of the project, Rojas Eberhard Editores was able to convince Information Handling Services (a company located in Denver, Colorado, known worldwide for its products and services in the field of technological information) to participate with us in this translation and publication project. Information Handling Services channeled its participation through its subsidiary in Mexico, to facilitate the integration of the project into the main zone of influence of the final product: Latin America.

Source

Dewey Decimal Classification: Edition 21 and International perspectives: papers from a workshop presented at the General Conference of the International Deferation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), Beijing, China, August 29, 1996. Ed.: L.M. Chan and J.S. Mitchell

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Abstract

The spread of DDC in the UK can be traced to networking in the 1870s between the librarians of the new municipal free libraries and the American librarians who were promoting new ideas through conferences and associations. Manchester Free Library was particularly influential in the development of the library service in the UK. The first use of DDC seems to have been at Manchester, as a result of networking at the first Conference of Librarians in 1877. This interest in DDC in Manchester therefore significantly contributed to the acceptance of DDC as the standard scheme for UK public libraries. Traditions of networking and cooperation are illustrated in this history - just as they were exemplified by Magda Heiner-Freiling in her project DDC German.

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Abstract

The Library of Congress Classification (LCC), originally designed for classifying the Library's own collection, is now used in a wide range of libraries, both in the United States and abroad. This entry recounts its history and development from its genesis to the present time, leading up to an explanation of LCC structure, tables, and notation. It then considers the system's potential for wider application in the online age, through speculation on using LCC as a tool for (a) partitioning large files; (b) generating domain-specific taxonomies; and (c) integrating classification and controlled subject terms for improved retrieval in the online public access catalog (OPAC) and the Internet. Finally, analyzing both its strong and relatively weak features, it addresses the question of whether in its current state LCC is in all respects ready for playing such roles

Date

27. 8.2011 14:22:42

Source

Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates

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Source

Library resources and technical services. 22(1978), S.402-408

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Source

Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.15

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Abstract

Toward the end of the nineteenth century, Paul Otlet and Henri LaFontaine of Belgium initiated the compilation of an index to all recorded knowledge. Instead of an alphabetical file, they decided to adopt a classified arrangement. For the basis of such an arrangement, they turned to the Dewey Decimal Classification, a system which was gaining wide acceptance in American libraries. With permission secured from Melvil Dewey to expand the system to include details required for an indexing tool, Otlet and LaFontaine began developing what was to become the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). Following the establishment of the Institut International de Bibliographie (IIB), later the Fédération Internationale de Documentation (FID), in 1895, work an the universal index and the classification scheme proceeded under its aegis. In 1905, the classification scheme was published as the Manuel du Répertoire bibliographique universel. While the initial, ambitious project of the universal index was abandoned, the classification scheme itself was widely adopted, particularly in special libraries in Europe. A second edition was published in 1927-1933 under the title Classification décimale universelle. The development and maintanance of the scheme continued with the support of the FID. In the course of its development, the UDC moved further and further away from its prototype, the Dewey Decimal Classification. One of the major differences between the two systems is the use of relators in UDC. The notation adopted by Melvil Dewey for his scheme is a hierarchical one; in other words, the notation reflects the hierarchical relationships among subjects. However, it does not display the relationships among the facets, or aspects, of a particular subject. Furthermore, the use of auxiliaries in the Dewey Decimal Classification, beginning with the form subdivisions and gradually expanding to include geographic subdivisions and finally other auxiliaries in the most recent editions, has been relatively restricted. As an indexing tool, Otlet and LaFontaine felt that their system needed commonly applicable auxiliaries which they called "determinatives."` To this end, a series of special symbols were introduced into the system for the purpose of combining related subjects and indicating different facets or aspects of the main subject. The use of these symbols, called relators, with the auxiliaries has rendered the Universal Decimal Classification a synthetic scheme. In this respect, the UDC has moved much more rapidly than the Dewey Decimal Classification toward becoming a faceted classification. In the following paper, Henry V. Hopwood, a Senior Assistant at the British Patent Office Library during the 1900s, explains the use and rationale of relators, or "marks," as he calls them, in the Universal Decimal Classification.

Footnote

Original in: Library Association Record 9(1907) S.307-322.

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Source

Drexel library quarterly. 10(1974) no.4, S.56-74

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Abstract

Though several studies have been published on the topic of reclassification of academic library collections over the past eight decades since it first gained popularity, none have explored the preferences of academic library employees toward classification schemes beyond a merely superficial level. The preferences of library employees must serve some role in organizational decision-making. By distributing a mixed-methods survey to academic library employees across the United States, the researchers in the present study provide insight into employee preferences. The findings of the study may provide insight into library trends and the future of library classification schemes.

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Drexel library quarterly. 10(1974) no.4, S.75-89

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Source

Library journal. 114(1989) no.15, S.45-48

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Abstract

It has been generally recognized that the Library of Congress Classification, developed at the turn of the century, has been based an practical rather than theoreti cal or philosophical considerations. Unlike most of the other library classification systems, which originated from individual minds, the Library of Congress Classification system was the result of corporate efforts. Nonetheless, there were a number of individuals who, in the early stages of its development, provided guidance regarding the general framework and direction of the scheme. The most important among these was Charles Martel (1860-1945) who was Chief Classifier at the Library of Congress when the system was first developed. In a paper read before the New Zealand Library Association in April 1911, from which the following excerpt has been taken, Martel gave his views concerning library classification in general and provided a glimpse of the rationale behind the Library of Congress Classification system in particular. In the following excerpt, Martel discusses the basis of the Library of Congress Classification system to be not "the scientific order of subjects ... [but] rather [a] convenient sequence of the various groups ... of books." This is the "literary warrant" an which the Library of Congress system has been based. With regard to the notation, Martel argues for brevity in preference to symmetry or mnemonics. Brevity of notation has since been recognized as one of the greatest advantages of the Library of Congress system as a device for shelf arrangement of books. Martel outlines seven groupings used in the system for subarranging books an the subject, first by form and then by subject subdivisions. This pattern, known as Martel's "seven points," has served as the general framework in individual classes and provided the most significant unifying factor for individual classes in the system, which contain many unique or disparate characteristics.

Footnote

Original in: Library journal 36(1911) S.410,414-415.

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Source

Library classification and its functions. Int. Conf. on ..., 20.-21.6.1989, Edmonton, Alberta. Ed.: A. Nitecki u. T. Fell