Search (3942 results, page 2 of 198)

0.0908739 = product of:
  0.2726217 = sum of:
    0.2726217 = weight(_text_:me in 3714) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2726217 = score(doc=3714,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.79472643 = fieldWeight in 3714, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3714)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

26 August 1996 marked the 25th anniversary of worldCat. As part of a tribute to this resource, OCLC and the US regional networks sponsored an essay contest in which librarians and library users were invited to write essays of 500 words or les on the topic 'What the OCLC Online Union Catalog means to me'. Prizes were offered and the contest attracted entries from 340 librarians an 13 countries. Reproduces the 5 proce winning essays

0.0908739 = product of:
  0.2726217 = sum of:
    0.2726217 = weight(_text_:me in 1995) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2726217 = score(doc=1995,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.79472643 = fieldWeight in 1995, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1995)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

What follows are my memories of the events, starting almost five decades ago, that led to the International Standard for Bibliographic Description (ISBD)-still the most successful and widely used international cataloging standard in history. Many of the documents of the time were little more than ephemera (working papers and the like) and some are not now available to me. I have checked my recollections in all the documents to which I have access and apologize in advance for any errors of time or place. I also apologize for the, alas, unavoidable, given the nature of the essay, many repetitions of the words "I" and "me."

0.087542996 = product of:
  0.26262897 = sum of:
    0.26262897 = sum of:
      0.19866458 = weight(_text_:plus in 8447) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.19866458 = score(doc=8447,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.29135957 = queryWeight, product of:
            6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
            0.047210995 = queryNorm
          0.6818536 = fieldWeight in 8447, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=8447)
      0.06396438 = weight(_text_:22 in 8447) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.06396438 = score(doc=8447,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.16532487 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.047210995 = queryNorm
          0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 8447, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=8447)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

Describes OhioLINK, Ohio's statewide academic library automation project involving all state-supported universities, colleges and community colleges, plus selected private universities and the state library. Discusses the progress to date of OhioLINK's developing vision, which began in 1986

Source

Reference services review. 22(1994) no.2, S.27-29

0.08469865 = product of:
  0.25409594 = sum of:
    0.25409594 = sum of:
      0.22211376 = weight(_text_:plus in 228) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.22211376 = score(doc=228,freq=10.0), product of:
          0.29135957 = queryWeight, product of:
            6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
            0.047210995 = queryNorm
          0.76233554 = fieldWeight in 228, product of:
            3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
              10.0 = termFreq=10.0
            6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=228)
      0.03198219 = weight(_text_:22 in 228) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03198219 = score(doc=228,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.16532487 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.047210995 = queryNorm
          0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 228, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=228)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

Presents a brief, critical review of LISA PLaus: the CD-ROM database version of LISA and which includes the database of Current Research in Library and Information Science (CRLIS). The review covers the DOS version only, as it appeared in the Summer 1996 CD-ROM, noting that the Windows version was planned for the future. Points to the way LISA has found its mark, if not its fortune, in LISA Plus and notes its strengths, including: ideal suitability for current awareness in library and information science (LIS); massive and convenient consolidation of the published LIS literature; and massive increase in coverage from 7.900 abstracts in 1993 to over 12.000 currently. Criticizes certain features of LISA Plus, notably: the OPTI-Ware search interface; the combination of 2 databases (LISA and CRLIS) in a single, searchable database; and certain unexpected effects caused by the building of the Subject and Free Text indexes. Points particularly to great lack of consistency in the indexes and the indexing (faults that were fully rectified by a complete overhaul of the data in Summer 1996). Notes that LISA Plus is the first port of call for both information researchers and information science students. The Windows version of LISA Plus was launched in Spring 1997

Date

9. 2.1997 18:44:22

0.08110447 = product of:
  0.24331342 = sum of:
    0.24331342 = product of:
      0.48662683 = sum of:
        0.48662683 = weight(_text_:plus in 6452) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.48662683 = score(doc=6452,freq=12.0), product of:
            0.29135957 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
              0.047210995 = queryNorm
            1.6701934 = fieldWeight in 6452, product of:
              3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                12.0 = termFreq=12.0
              6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6452)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

Reviews 3 of the CD-ROM databases published quarterly by Bowker-Saur Ltd.: British Humanities Index (BHI Plus); Current Technology Index (CTI Plus) and Applied Social Sciences Abstracts and Indexes (ASSIA Plus)

Object

BHI Plus
CTI Plus
ASSIA Plus

0.07949811 = product of:
  0.23849432 = sum of:
    0.23849432 = weight(_text_:me in 4492) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.23849432 = score(doc=4492,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.69524086 = fieldWeight in 4492, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4492)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

The study reported in this paper is part of a programme of ongoing research based on the model of the Information Search Process (ISP) developed in a series of prior studies by Kuhlthau. This study sought to gain a better understanding of the variety of tasks that involve lawyers as a particular group of information workers, how they use information to accomplish their work, and the role mediators play in their process of information seeking and use. Findings revealed that these lawyers frequently were involved in complex tasks that required a constructive process of interpreting, learning and creating. To accomplish these complex tasks, they preferred printed texts over computer databases primarily because computer databases required well-specified requests and did not offer an option for examining a wide range of information at one time. These lawyers called for an active potential role for mediators in 'just for me' services. 'Just for me' services would encompass designing systems to provide a wider range of access more compatible with the process of construction, applying and developing principles of classification that would offer a more uniform system for organising and accessing files, and providing direction in filtering the overwhelming amount of information available on electronic resources.

0.07949811 = product of:
  0.23849432 = sum of:
    0.23849432 = weight(_text_:me in 1717) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.23849432 = score(doc=1717,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.69524086 = fieldWeight in 1717, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1717)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

A dialogue-based interface for information systems is considered a potentially very useful approach to information access. A key step in computer processing of natural-language dialogues is dialogue-act (DA) recognition. In this paper, we apply a feature-based classification approach for DA recognition, by using the maximum entropy (ME) method to build a classifier for labeling utterances with DA tags. The ME method has the advantage that a large number of heterogeneous features can be flexibly combined in one classifier, which can facilitate feature selection. A unique characteristic of our approach is that it does not need to model the prior probability of DAs directly, and thus avoids the use of a discourse grammar. This simplifies the implementation of the classifier and improves the efficiency of DA recognition, without sacrificing the classification accuracy. We evaluate the classifier using a large data set based on the Switchboard corpus. Encouraging performance is observed; the highest classification accuracy achieved is 75.03%. We also propose a heuristic to address the problem of sparseness of the data set. This problem has resulted in poor classification accuracies of some DA types that have very low occurrence frequencies in the data set. Preliminary evaluation shows that the method is effective in improving the macroaverage classification accuracy of the ME classifier.

0.07949811 = product of:
  0.23849432 = sum of:
    0.23849432 = weight(_text_:me in 4924) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.23849432 = score(doc=4924,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.69524086 = fieldWeight in 4924, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4924)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

We have developed a system that segments web pages into blocks and predicts those blocks' importance (block importance prediction or BIP). First, we use VIPS to partition a page into a tree composed of blocks and then extracts features from each block and labels all leaf nodes. This paper makes two main contributions. Firstly, we are pioneering the formulation of BIP as a sequence tagging task. We employ DFS, which outputs a single sequence for the whole tree in which related sub-blocks are adjacent. Our second contribution is using the conditional random fields (CRF) model for labeling these sequences. CRF's transition features model correlations between neighboring labels well, and CRF can simultaneously label all blocks in a sequence to find the global optimal solution for the whole sequence, not only the best solution for each block. In our experiments, our CRF-based system achieves an F1-measure of 97.41%, which significantly outperforms our ME-based baseline (95.64%). Lastly, we tested the CRF-based system using sites which were not covered in the training data. On completely novel sites CRF performed slightly worse than ME. However, when given only two training pages from a given site, CRF improved almost three times as much as ME.

0.07492111 = product of:
  0.22476332 = sum of:
    0.22476332 = product of:
      0.44952664 = sum of:
        0.44952664 = weight(_text_:plus in 3899) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.44952664 = score(doc=3899,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.29135957 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
              0.047210995 = queryNorm
            1.5428586 = fieldWeight in 3899, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              6.1714344 = idf(docFreq=250, maxDocs=44218)
              0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=3899)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 6943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=6943,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 6943, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6943)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Source

Show me libraries. 44(1992) no.1, S.48-49

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 8698) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=8698,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 8698, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=8698)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

Mark Twain described a Classic as 'something that everyone wants to have read and nobody wants to read'. Several of the items in one table may well be in that category, but I must admit that this is an idiosyncratic selection because many of the publications are simply those which interested me and may interest you in the unlikely effect that you have the same interests, prejudices, and peculiar characteristics as myself. Donot, therefore, be surprised if you cannot work out why some of them were included

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 731) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=731,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 731, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=731)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Source

Show-me libraries. 45(1994) no.2, S.9-19

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 765) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=765,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 765, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=765)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Abstract

Presents a study of problem solving activities in a hypermedia representation of a theorem proving problem. The users interacted with a system called HUGH&ME which presented users with 2 representations simultaneously. The respresentations were such that any operations carried out on the other. Describes a quantitative analysis of user activities, and a qualitative analysis of users' responses to questions asked during the session. Discusses the need for hypermedia based tools to support expression and refinement of users' reasoning when engaged in hypermedia-based problem solving activities

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 1489) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=1489,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 1489, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1489)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 6865) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=6865,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 6865, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6865)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

Content

"Bertelsmann Universal Lexikon (4 CD-ROM oder DVD) enthält mehr als 115000 Stichwörter und 3000 vertiefende Texte. Der Atlas enthält 520 überarbeitete geographische Karten, die geschichtliche Zeitleiste (Timeline) etwa 10 000 Einträge. Wer einen Internet Anschluss hat, kann per monatlichem Update weitere zehn bis 15 vertiefende Texte zu aktuellen Ereignissen herunterladen. Als Multimedia-Elemente stehen 7 Stunden Tonmaterial mit Reden, Klassikmusik, Videos und Animationen zur Verfügung. Der Rechner sollte üppig mit Arbeitsspeicher ausgestattetet sein. Das Programm läuft unter Windows 95/98/ME/NT 4.0/2000 und kostet 39,10 Mark"

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 5513) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=5513,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 5513, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5513)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 4075) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=4075,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 4075, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4075)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

0.0734372 = product of:
  0.2203116 = sum of:
    0.2203116 = weight(_text_:me in 3723) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.2203116 = score(doc=3723,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.64223593 = fieldWeight in 3723, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3723)
  0.33333334 = coord(1/3)

0.07172006 = product of:
  0.107580096 = sum of:
    0.09638633 = weight(_text_:me in 1429) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.09638633 = score(doc=1429,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.28097823 = fieldWeight in 1429, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1429)
    0.011193767 = product of:
      0.022387534 = sum of:
        0.022387534 = weight(_text_:22 in 1429) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.022387534 = score(doc=1429,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.16532487 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.047210995 = queryNorm
            0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 1429, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1429)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.6666667 = coord(2/3)

Abstract

Pauline Atherton Cochrane has been contributing to library and information science for fifty years. Think of it-from mid-century to the millennium, from ENIAC (practically) to Internet 11 (almost here). What a time to be in our field! Her work an indexing, subject access, and the user-oriented approach had immediate and sustained impact, and she continues to be one of our most heavily cited authors (see, JASIS, 49[4], 327-55) and most beloved personages. This introduction includes a few words about my own experiences with Pauline as well as a short summary of the contributions that make up this tribute. A review of the curriculum vita provided at the end of this publication Shows that Pauline Cochrane has been involved in a wide variety of work. As Marcia Bates points out in her note (See below), Pauline was (and is) a role model, but I will always think of her as simply the best teacher 1 ever had. In 1997, I entered the University of Illinois Graduate School of Library and Information Science as a returning mid-life student; my previous doctorate had not led to a full-time job and I was re-tooling. I was not sure what 1 would find in library school, and the introductory course attended by more than 100 students from widely varied backgrounds had not yet convinced me I was in the right place. Then, one day, Pauline gave a guest lecture an the digital library in my introductory class. I still remember it. She put up some notes-a few words clustered an the blackboard with some circles and directional arrows-and then she gave a free, seemingly extemporaneous, but riveting narrative. She set out a vision for ideal information exchange in the digital environment but noted a host of practical concerns, issues, and potential problems that required (demanded!) continued human intervention. The lecture brought that class and the entire semester's work into focus; it created tremendous excitement for the future of librarianship. 1 saw that librarians and libraries would play an active role. I was in the right place.

Date

22. 9.1997 19:16:05

0.0702403 = product of:
  0.10536044 = sum of:
    0.097364895 = weight(_text_:me in 2139) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.097364895 = score(doc=2139,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.3430384 = queryWeight, product of:
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.047210995 = queryNorm
        0.28383088 = fieldWeight in 2139, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          7.2660704 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44218)
          0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=2139)
    0.007995548 = product of:
      0.015991095 = sum of:
        0.015991095 = weight(_text_:22 in 2139) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.015991095 = score(doc=2139,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.16532487 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.047210995 = queryNorm
            0.09672529 = fieldWeight in 2139, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=2139)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.6666667 = coord(2/3)

Content

- Zugriff auf Datei-Newsgroups - Diese Lücke füllen Anbieter, die auf BinärNewsgroups spezialisiert sind. Sie haben in leistungsfähige Hardware und eine schnelle Internet Anbindung investiert und bieten gegen Gebühr Zugang zu den Terabytes an Daten. In aller Regel bezahlen Sie einen Monatsbeitrag, der sich um 10 Euro herum bewegt. Was Sie dafür erwarten können, unterscheidet sich zum Teil erheblich von Dienst zu Dienst. Beim einen Anbieter können Sie unbeschränkt Daten herunterladen, müssen aber in Kauf nehmen, dass jede Nachricht beziehungsweise Datei nach drei Tagen vom Server verschwunden und durch neue Daten ersetzt ist. Wer nichts verpassen will, muss also ständig ein Auge auf neue Inhalte haben. Andere Anbieter halten jede Datei mehr als 20 Tage vor und bieten nützliche Zusatzfunktionen, beschränken Ihre Download-Menge aber auf 6 bis 20 GB pro Monat. - Sieben Anbieter im Test - Wir haben sieben interessante Angebote getestet. Auswahlkriterium war zum einen der Preis: Mehr als 13 Euro im Monat sollte ein Newsserver-Zugang nicht kosten. Zum anderen haben wir Anbieter bevorzugt, bei denen man per Bankeinzug bezahlen kann und nicht nur per Kreditkarte. Wir bewerten die Download-Geschwindigkeit, die Vorhaltezeit der Nachrichten und die Anzahl der angebotenen Newsgroups. Zudem berücksichtigen wir bei der Bewertung Zusatzfunktionen, die ein Dienst bietet. Normalerweise benötigen Sie ein Newsreader-Programm, um auf Newsserver zuzugreifen. Ein großer Pluspunkt ist es, wenn ein Anbieter auch per WebBrowser Zugang auf die Datei-Schätze der Newsgroups bietet. Die Web-Schnittstellen verfügen meist über Komfortfunktionen, die die Bedienung erleichtern. Genauere Infos zum Testverfahren gibt's im Kasten "Wie wir testen" auf Seite 148. - Diese Newsreader sind empfehlenswert - Für Datei-Newsgroups gibt es speziell angepasste Newsreader. Wir empfehlen Newsbin Pro 4.2 für Windows 98/ME, 2000 und XP Mit der englischsprachigen Shareware lassen sich mehrere Dateien gleichzeitig von einem Server herunterladen - eine überaus wichtige Funktion bei Newsservern, die die Bandbreite pro Verbindung beschränken: In dem Fall können Sie nur durch parallele Downloads die Kapazität eines DSL-Anschlusses ausnutzen. Newsbin Pro lässt sich 10 Tagelang testen und kostet 35 Dollar (auf OHeft-CD und unter www.newsbin.com, 1,6 MB). Eine Freeware-Alternative ist Xnews 5.04.25 für Windows 98/ME, NT 4, 2000 und XP. Das englischsprachige Tool ist weniger komfortabel und etwas komplizierter zu bedienen. Es unterstützt maximal vier Downloads gleichzeitig. Hier eine kleine Hilfestellung zu Xnews: Dateien, die Sie herunterladen möchten, markieren Sie mit der Leertaste. Den Download-Vorgang starten Sie mit "Article, Decode" oder der Taste <F4>. Xnews finden Sie unter http:// xnews.newsguy.com (697 KB). Eine deutschsprachige Hilfe-Datei können Sie unter http://xnews.newsguy.com/xnews-de.chm (113 KB) herunterladen.
- Finden, was Sie suchen - Normalerweise können Sie im Usenet nur jede Newsgroup einzeln durchsuchen. Lediglich zwei Dienste im Test bieten eine globale Suchfunktion über alle Newsgroups hinweg: Easynews.com und Newshosting. Sie ist in der jeweiligen Web-Oberfläche integriert. Ein Klick auf einen Eintrag in der Ergebnisliste startet den Download. Komfortabler geht's kaum. Eine Hand voll kostenloser Anbieter indizieren Datei-Newsgroups und bieten ein Suchformular, etwa www.bincrawiercom, www. newzsearch.com und http://altbinaries.ni. Um eine gefundene Datei herunterzuladen, Müssen Sie im Anschluss Ihren Newsreader starten und in die angegebene Newsgroup wechseln. Bincrawler.com wurde im Oktober von einem anderen Anbieter aufgekauft. Ob er den kostenlosen Dienst weiterführen wird, ist ungewiss. - So vermeiden Sie illegale Inhalte - In Foren, in die jeder Anwender nach Belieben Dateien hineinstellen kann, landet auch viel Schmutz. In manchen Newsgroups finden sich etwa Software-Raubkopien und strafrechtlich relevante Bilder. Um nicht damit konfrontiert zu werden, sollten Sie Newsgroups mit eindeutig klingenden Namen meiden. Außerdem sind die angebotenen Dateien häufig mit Viren verseucht. Auch in Newsgroups mit harmloser Bezeichnung stoßen Sie möglicherweise auf urheberrechtlich geschütztes Material. Laden Sie deshalb nur Dateien herunter, von denen Sie sicher sind, dass sie legal angeboten werden. Vor allem urheberrechtlich geschützte MP3-Dateien sollten Sie meiden, da Sie sonst mit ernsten Konsequenzen rechnen müssen (> Beitrag auf Seite 22)."