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Footnote

Rez. in: Online-Mitteilungen 2006, H.88 [=Mitteilungen VÖB 59(2006) H.4], S.15-16 (M. Buzinkay): "Schon mal vorweg - dieses Buch ist von der Sorte, in welchem ich immer wieder gerne nachschlagen will. Auch wenn es sich sehr einfach lesen lässt, es bietet eine derartige Informationsfülle, dass es am besten direkt neben dem Bildschirm liegen bleibt. Aber zunächst ganz zum Anfang: Dieses Buch liefert Wissenswertes zum Thema Gebrauchsfähigkeit von Webseiten. Usability ist seit rund 10 Jahren ein Dauerbrenner in der Web-Entwicklung, und die Erkenntnisse erweitern sich fortwährend. Auch wenn neue Konzepte in der Nutzer- und Webseitenforschung mit dem der Usability wetteifern, so werden die Grundaussagen dieses Buches auch noch in 10 Jahren ihre Geltung haben. Der Autor, alt-gedienter Usability-Profi Steve Krug, präsentiert in der 2. und überarbeiteten Auflage eine Unmenge an Beispielen an "Do' s and' Dont's aus der Welt des Web. Die rund 200 Seiten sind vollbepackt mit praktischen Tips, Beispielen und Illustrationen aus der Praxis und der notwendigen Hintergrundinformation. Das Buch ist recht einfach aufgebaut. Zunächst erklärt Steve Krug seine Prinzipien des Usability, die er in seiner jahrelangen Arbeit entwickelt hat. Ein Prinzip gebe ich gerne weiter, und weil es schon auf dem Cover steht: Don't make me think! Will heißen: Eine Webseite soll so intuitiv gestaltet sein, dass Nutzer nicht ins Grübeln kommen, was sich hinter einem Link versteckt oder was überhaupt auf einer Seite zu finden ist. Aber nicht nur bei Webseiten, die im Eigenbau entstanden sind, fehlt es oft am notwendigsten was die Usability betrifft. Bevor Sie eine Webseite neu entwerfen oder neu gestalten möchten, lesen Sie dieses Buch. Es lohnt sich."

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Content

Chapter 9. Accelerating the Computation of PageRank: 9.1 An Adaptive Power Method - 9.2 Extrapolation - 9.3 Aggregation - 9.4 Other Numerical Methods Chapter 10. Updating the PageRank Vector: 10.1 The Two Updating Problems and their History - 10.2 Restarting the Power Method - 10.3 Approximate Updating Using Approximate Aggregation - 10.4 Exact Aggregation - 10.5 Exact vs. Approximate Aggregation - 10.6 Updating with Iterative Aggregation - 10.7 Determining the Partition - 10.8 Conclusions Chapter 11. The HITS Method for Ranking Webpages: 11.1 The HITS Algorithm - 11.2 HITS Implementation - 11.3 HITS Convergence - 11.4 HITS Example - 11.5 Strengths and Weaknesses of HITS - 11.6 HITS's Relationship to Bibliometrics - 11.7 Query-Independent HITS - 11.8 Accelerating HITS - 11.9 HITS Sensitivity Chapter 12. Other Link Methods for Ranking Webpages: 12.1 SALSA - 12.2 Hybrid Ranking Methods - 12.3 Rankings based on Traffic Flow Chapter 13. The Future of Web Information Retrieval: 13.1 Spam - 13.2 Personalization - 13.3 Clustering - 13.4 Intelligent Agents - 13.5 Trends and Time-Sensitive Search - 13.6 Privacy and Censorship - 13.7 Library Classification Schemes - 13.8 Data Fusion Chapter 14. Resources for Web Information Retrieval: 14.1 Resources for Getting Started - 14.2 Resources for Serious Study Chapter 15. The Mathematics Guide: 15.1 Linear Algebra - 15.2 Perron-Frobenius Theory - 15.3 Markov Chains - 15.4 Perron Complementation - 15.5 Stochastic Complementation - 15.6 Censoring - 15.7 Aggregation - 15.8 Disaggregation

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Date

22. 3.2008 14:24:08

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Date

22. 3.2008 16:15:37

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Footnote

Unlike muck of the professional library literature, Net Effects is not an open-aimed embrace of technology. Block even suggests that it is helpful to have a Luddite or two an each library staff to identify the setbacks associated with technological advances in the library. Each of the book's 10 chapters deals with one Internet-related problem, such as "Chapter 4-The Shifted Librarian: Adapting to the Changing Expectations of Our Wired (and Wireless) Users," or "Chapter 8-Up to Our Ears in Lawyers: Legal Issues Posed by the Net." For each of these 10 problems, multiple solutions are offered. For example, for "Chapter 9-Disappearing Data," four solutions are offered. These include "Link-checking," "Have a technological disaster plan," "Advise legislators an the impact proposed laws will have," and "Standards for preservation of digital information." One article is given to explicate each of these four solutions. A short bibliography of recommended further reading is also included for each chapter. Block provides a short introduction to each chapter, and she comments an many of the entries. Some of these comments seem to be intended to provide a research basis for the proposed solutions, but they tend to be vague generalizations without citations, such as, "We know from research that students would rather ask each other for help than go to adults. We can use that (p. 91 )." The original publication dates of the entries range from 1997 to 2002, with the bulk falling into the 2000-2002 range. At up to 6 years old, some of the articles seem outdated, such as a 2000 news brief announcing the creation of the first "customizable" public library Web site (www.brarydog.net). These critiques are not intended to dismiss the volume entirely. Some of the entries are likely to find receptive audiences, such as a nuts-and-bolts instructive article for making Web sites accessible to people with disabilities. "Providing Equitable Access," by Cheryl H. Kirkpatrick and Catherine Buck Morgan, offers very specific instructions, such as how to renovate OPAL workstations to suit users with "a wide range of functional impairments." It also includes a useful list of 15 things to do to make a Web site readable to most people with disabilities, such as, "You can use empty (alt) tags (alt="') for images that serve a purely decorative function. Screen readers will skip empty (alt) tags" (p. 157). Information at this level of specificity can be helpful to those who are faced with creating a technological solution for which they lack sufficient technical knowledge or training.