-
Pettee, J.: ¬The subject approach to books and the development of the dictionary catalog (1985)
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- Abstract
- Julia Pettee's contribution to classification theory came about as part of her work an subject headings. Pettee (1872-1967) was for many years librarian of the Union Theological Seminary in New York and was best known for the classification system she developed for the seminary and as the author of the book Subiect Headings. She was one of the first to call attention to the fact that there was a classification system in subject headings. It was, as she put it, "completely concealed when scattered through the alphabetical sequence" (p. 98). On the other hand, she recognized that an index entry was a pointing device and existed to show users specific terms. Index terms, unlike subject headings, could be manipulated, inverted, repeated, and stated in as many words as might be desired. The subject heading, she reiterated, had in it "some idea of classification," but was designed to pull together like material and, unlike the index term, would have limited capability for supplying access by way of synonyms, catchwords, or other associative forms. It is interesting that she also thought of the subject heading in context as forming a three-dimensional system. Logically this is the case whenever one attempts to reach beyond the conventional hierarchy as described an a plane surface, and, in fact, thought out as if the classification were an a plane surface. Pettee described this dimension variously as names "reaching up and over the surface ... hands clasp[ing] in the air" from an individual term (pp. 99-100). Or, in other context, as the mapping of "the many third-dimensional criss-crossing relationships of subject headings." (p. 103) Investigations following Pettee's insight have shown the nature and the degree of the classification latent in subject headings and also in the cross-references of all indexing systems using cross-references of the associative type ("see also" or equivalent terminology). More importantly, study of this type of connection has revealed jumps in logic and meaning caused by homographs or homonyms and resulting in false connections in classification. Standardized rules for making thesauri have prevented some of the more glaring non sequiturs, but much more still needs to be done. The whole area of "related terms", for example, needs to be brought under control, especially in terms of classification mapping.
- Footnote
- Original in: Pettee, J.: The history and theory of the alphabetical subject approach to books. New York: Wilson 1946. S.22-25.
-
Pettee, J.: Public libraries and libraries as purveyors of information (1985)
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- Abstract
- Julia Pettee's contribution to classification theory came about as part of her work an subject headings. Pettee (1872-1967) was for many years librarian of the Union Theological Seminary in New York and was best known for the classification system she developed for the seminary and as the author of the book Subiect Headings. She was one of the first to call attention to the fact that there was a classification system in subject headings. It was, as she put it, "completely concealed when scattered through the alphabetical sequence" (p. 98). On the other hand, she recognized that an index entry was a pointing device and existed to show users specific terms. Index terms, unlike subject headings, could be manipulated, inverted, repeated, and stated in as many words as might be desired. The subject heading, she reiterated, had in it "some idea of classification," but was designed to pull together like material and, unlike the index term, would have limited capability for supplying access by way of synonyms, catchwords, or other associative forms. It is interesting that she also thought of the subject heading in context as forming a three-dimensional system. Logically this is the case whenever one attempts to reach beyond the conventional hierarchy as described an a plane surface, and, in fact, thought out as if the classification were an a plane surface. Pettee described this dimension variously as names "reaching up and over the surface ... hands clasp[ing] in the air" from an individual term (pp. 99-100). Or, in other context, as the mapping of "the many third-dimensional criss-crossing relationships of subject headings." (p. 103) Investigations following Pettee's insight have shown the nature and the degree of the classification latent in subject headings and also in the cross-references of all indexing systems using cross-references of the associative type ("see also" or equivalent terminology). More importantly, study of this type of connection has revealed jumps in logic and meaning caused by homographs or homonyms and resulting in false connections in classification. Standardized rules for making thesauri have prevented some of the more glaring non sequiturs, but much more still needs to be done. The whole area of "related terms", for example, needs to be brought under control, especially in terms of classification mapping.
-
Pettee, J.: Fundamental principles of the dictionary catalog (1985)
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- Abstract
- Julia Pettee's contribution to classification theory came about as part of her work an subject headings. Pettee (1872-1967) was for many years librarian of the Union Theological Seminary in New York and was best known for the classification system she developed for the seminary and as the author of the book Subiect Headings. She was one of the first to call attention to the fact that there was a classification system in subject headings. It was, as she put it, "completely concealed when scattered through the alphabetical sequence" (p. 98). On the other hand, she recognized that an index entry was a pointing device and existed to show users specific terms. Index terms, unlike subject headings, could be manipulated, inverted, repeated, and stated in as many words as might be desired. The subject heading, she reiterated, had in it "some idea of classification," but was designed to pull together like material and, unlike the index term, would have limited capability for supplying access by way of synonyms, catchwords, or other associative forms. It is interesting that she also thought of the subject heading in context as forming a three-dimensional system. Logically this is the case whenever one attempts to reach beyond the conventional hierarchy as described an a plane surface, and, in fact, thought out as if the classification were an a plane surface. Pettee described this dimension variously as names "reaching up and over the surface ... hands clasp[ing] in the air" from an individual term (pp. 99-100). Or, in other context, as the mapping of "the many third-dimensional criss-crossing relationships of subject headings." (p. 103) Investigations following Pettee's insight have shown the nature and the degree of the classification latent in subject headings and also in the cross-references of all indexing systems using cross-references of the associative type ("see also" or equivalent terminology). More importantly, study of this type of connection has revealed jumps in logic and meaning caused by homographs or homonyms and resulting in false connections in classification. Standardized rules for making thesauri have prevented some of the more glaring non sequiturs, but much more still needs to be done. The whole area of "related terms", for example, needs to be brought under control, especially in terms of classification mapping.
-
Blake, V.L.P.: Forging the Anglo-American Cataloging Alliance : descriptive cataloging, 1830-1908 (2003)
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- Footnote
- Also published as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 35(2002/03)1/2 and 35(2002/03)3/4
- Pages
- S.3-22
- Source
- Historical aspects of cataloging and classification. Ed.: M.D. Joachim
-
Steinhagen, E.N.: Historical perspective of a union catalog in Chile : authorities and periodicals (2003)
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- Date
- 29. 7.2006 20:06:22
- Footnote
- Also published as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 35(2002/03)1/2 and 35(2002/03)3/4
- Source
- Historical aspects of cataloging and classification. Ed.: M.D. Joachim
-
Degen, E.-M.: ¬Der Erlanger Katalogverbund : Geschichte und Nutzen (1996)
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- Abstract
- 1967 saw the publication of the printed Erlangen periodicals index. Between 1973-76 an alphabetical union catalogue for the university of Erlangen-Nürnberg was produced. From 1982 main entries went to the Bavarian library cooperative offline and computerization was introduced. In 1986 the periodicals index began using computerization; the union catalogue was filmed and appeared in microfiche in 1987. Now the Erlangen cooperative has 1.4 million entries, one third from institute libraries
-
Blake, V.L.P.: Forging the Anglo-American cataloging alliance : descriptive cataloging, 1830-1908 (2002)
0.03
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- Footnote
- Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification; Part I
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 35(2002) nos.1/2, S.3-22
-
Panizzi, A.K.C.B.: Passages in my official life (1871)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2007 12:05:26
22. 7.2007 12:08:24
-
Historical aspects of cataloging and classification : Pt. 2 (2003)
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- Source
- Cataloging and Classification Quarterly. 35(2002/03) nos.3/4
-
Zerbst, H.-J.; Kaptein, O.: Gegenwärtiger Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen der Sacherschließung : Auswertung einer Umfrage an deutschen wissenschaftlichen und Öffentlichen Bibliotheken (1993)
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- Abstract
- Ergebnis einer Umfrage aus dem Frühjahr 1993. A. Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken: Versandt wurde der Fragebogen an die Mitglieder der Sektion IV des DBV. Fragen: (1a) Um welchen Bestand handelt es sich, der sachlich erschlossen wird? (1b) Wie groß ist dieser Bestand? (1c) Wird dieser Bestand vollständig oder nur in Auswahl (einzelne Fächer, Lehrbücher, Dissertationen o.ä.) sachlich erschlossen? (1d) Seit wann bestehen die jetzigen Sachkataloge? (2) Auf welche Art wird der Bestand zur Zeit sachlich erschlossen? (3a) Welche Klassifikation wird angewendet? (3b) Gibt es alphabetisches SyK-Register bzw. einen Zugriff auf die Klassenbeschreibungen? (3c) Gibt es ergänzende Schlüssel für die Aspekte Ort, Zeit, Form? (4) Falls Sie einen SWK führen (a) nach welchem Regelwerk? (b) Gibt es ein genormtes Vokabular oder einen Thesaurus (ggf. nur für bestimmte Fächer)? (5) In welcher Form existieren die Sachkataloge? (6) Ist die Bibliothek an einer kooperativen Sacherschließung, z.B. in einem Verbund beteiligt? [Nein: 79%] (7) Nutzen Sie Fremdleistungen bei der Sacherschließung? [Ja: 46%] (8) Welche sachlichen Suchmöglichkeiten gibt es für Benutzer? (9) Sind zukünftige Veränderungen bei der Sacherschließung geplant? [Ja: 73%]. - B. Öffentliche Bibliotheken: Die Umfrage richtete sich an alle ÖBs der Sektionen I, II und III des DBV. Fragen: (1) Welche Sachkataloge führen Sie? (2) Welche Klassifikationen (Systematiken) liegen dem SyK zugrunde? [ASB: 242; KAB: 333; SfB: 4 (???); SSD: 11; Berliner: 18] (3) Führen Sie ein eigenes Schlagwort-Register zum SyK bzw. zur Klassifikation (Systematik)? (4) Führen Sie den SWK nach ...? [RSWK: 132 (= ca. 60%) anderen Regeln: 93] (5) Seit wann bestehen die jetzigen Sachkataloge? (6) In welcher Form existiern die Sachkataloge? (7) In welchem Umfang wird der Bestand erschlossen? (8) Welche Signaturen verwenden Sie? (9) Ist die Bibliothek an einer kooperativen Sacherschließung, z.B. einem Verbund, beteiligt? [Nein: 96%] (10) Nutzen Sie Fremdleistungen bei der Sacherschließung? [Ja: 70%] (11) Woher beziehen Sie diese Fremdleistungen? (12) Verfügen Sie über ein Online-Katalogsystem mit OPAC? [Ja: 78; Nein: 614] (13) Sind zukünftig Veränderungen bei der Sacherschließung geplant? [Nein: 458; Ja: 237]; RESÜMEE für ÖB: "(i) Einführung von EDV-Katalogen bleibt auch in den 90er Jahren ein Thema, (ii) Der Aufbau von SWK wird in vielen Bibliotheken in Angriff genommen, dabei spielt die Fremddatenübernahme eine entscheidende Rolle, (iii) RSWK werden zunehmend angewandt, Nutzung der SWD auch für andere Regeln wirkt normierend, (iv) Große Bewegung auf dem 'Systematik-Markt' ist in absehbarer Zeit nicht zu erwarten, (v) Für kleinere Bibliotheken wird der Zettelkatalog auf absehbare Zeit noch die herrschende Katalogform sein, (vi) Der erhebliche Nachholbedarf in den neuen Bundesländern wird nur in einem größeren Zeitraum zu leisten sein. ??? SPEZIALBIBIOTHEKEN ???
-
Krajewski, M.: Paper machines : about cards & catalogs, 1548-1929 (2011)
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- Abstract
- "Krajewski draws on recent German media theory and on a rich array of European and American sources in this thought-provoking account of the index card as a tool of information management. In investigating the road from the slips of paper of the 16th century to the data processing of the 20th, Krajewski highlights its twists and turns--failures and unintended consequences, reinventions, and surprising transfers."--Ann M. Blair, Henry Charles Lea Professor of History, Harvard University, and author of Too Much to Know: Managing Scholarly Information before the Modern Age -- Ann Blair "This is a fascinating, original, continuously surprising, and meticulously researched study of the long history of the emergence of card systems for organizing not only libraries but business activities in Europe and the United States. It is particularly important for English language readers due to its European perspective and the extraordinary range of German and other resources on which it draws." --W. Boyd Rayward, Professor Emeritus, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign -- W. Boyd Rayward "Markus Krajewski has done the history of cataloguing and the history of information management a considerable service: I recommend it highly." -- Professor Tom Wilson, Editor-in-Chief, Information Research
-
Mutula, S.M.; Tsvakai, M.: Historical perspectives of cataloguing and classification in Africa (2002)
0.02
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- Abstract
- This paper discusses the historical perspectives of cataloguing and classification practices in Africa and looks at international cataloguing practices and their implications for African librarianship. The challenges facing libraries on the continent in the cataloguing and classification of Africana materials are discussed and some suggestions offered on how the situation may be improved. Efforts towards developments of bibliographic control in Africa are highlighted.
- Footnote
- Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification; Part I
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 35(2002) nos.1/2, S.61-78
-
Mutula, S.M.; Tsvakai, M.: Historical perspectives of cataloguing and classification (2003)
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- Footnote
- Also published as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 35(2002/03)1/2 and 35(2002/03)3/4
- Source
- Historical aspects of cataloging and classification. Ed.: M.D. Joachim
-
Martinez-Arellano, F.F.: Cataloging and classification history in Mexico (2003)
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- Footnote
- Also published as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 35(2002/03)1/2 and 35(2002/03)3/4
- Source
- Historical aspects of cataloging and classification. Ed.: M.D. Joachim
-
Soltani, P.: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification in Iran (2003)
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- Footnote
- Also published as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 35(2002/03)1/2 and 35(2002/03)3/4
- Source
- Historical aspects of cataloging and classification. Ed.: M.D. Joachim
-
Svenonius, E.: Bibliographic entities and their uses (2018)
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- Abstract
- This article provides an interpretation of the structure of classification theory literature, from the late 19th Century to the present, by dividing it into four orders, and then describes the relationship between that and manuals for classification design.
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 56(2018) no.8, S.711-724
-
Historical aspects of cataloging and classification : Pt. 1 (2003)
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- Source
- Cataloging and Classification Quarterly. 35(2002/03) nos.1/2
-
Martínez-Arellano, F.F.: Cataloging and classification history in Mexico (2002)
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- Abstract
- This article discusses cataloging and classification history in Mexico and how cataloging and classification have evolved according to the changes that libraries and library science have experienced on both a national and international level. The first part of the article refers to the first half of the twentieth century, detailing the origins of cataloging and classification history. The second part presents discussion of the development and consolidation of both cataloging and classification during the second half of the twentieth century. The article also discusses subject headings, automation, centralization, and union catalogs in Mexico. It discusses past difficulties in creating a union catalog at a national level and the advantages of automated systems in helping to develop this needed union catalog. The article discusses the need to resume publication of the Bibliografía Mexicana. One of the main problems that Mexican libraries have faced is a scarcity of librarians adequately prepared to perform cataloging and classification of their collections. This lack of librarians is even more acute in the Mexican states. There are insufficient numbers of students in library schools to provide the staffing that libraries demand not only for cataloguing and classification but also for many other library activities.
- Footnote
- Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification; Part I
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 35(2002) nos.1/2, S.227-254
-
Soltani, P.: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification in Iran (2002)
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- Abstract
- This article consists of three parts: (1) Introduction, (2) Cataloging and classification of manuscripts, and (3) Cataloging and classification of printed matters in Iran. In the introduction, after a short review of Iranian libraries, the historical background of Fihrist is touched upon. In the second section, the historical development of cataloging of manuscripts is discussed, emphasising the catalogs of manuscripts of the Parliament, Astani Qods, and the National Library as examples. In the third section, the history of cataloging and classification of printed books in modern times is reviewed: This event was initiated in Iran through formal and informal courses taught mainly by foreign lecturers. The initiation of the MLS degree at the University of Tehran and the establishment of TEBROC paved the way for standard rules and methods. With the amalgamation of TEBROC in the National Library, modern ways and means were developed more rapidly, hence computerization of cataloging, CIP, and IRANMARC.
- Footnote
- Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification; Part I
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 35(2002) nos.1/2, S.187-208
-
De Rijk Spanhoff, E.: Principle issues : catalog paradigms, old and new (2003)
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- Footnote
- Also published as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 35(2002/03)1/2 and 35(2002/03)3/4
- Source
- Historical aspects of cataloging and classification. Ed.: M.D. Joachim
