Search (303 results, page 1 of 16)

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Abstract

Diese Note legt dar, dass der sogenannte h-Index (Hirschs bibliometrischer Index) im Wesentlichen dieselbe Information wiedergibt wie die Gesamtanzahl von Zitationen von Publikationen einer Autorin oder eines Autors, also ein nutzloser bibliometrischer Index ist. Dies basiert auf einem faszinierenden Satz der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie, der hier ebenfalls erläutert wird.

Content

Vgl.: DOI: 10.1515/dmvm-2021-0050. Auch abgedruckt u.d.T.: 'Der h-Index - "ein nutzloser bibliometrischer Index"' in Open Password Nr. 1007 vom 06.12.2021 unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzM3NCwiZDI3MzMzOTEwMzUzIiwwLDAsMzQ4LDFd.

Object

h-index

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Abstract

Manual subject indexing in libraries is a time-consuming and costly process and the quality of the assigned subjects is affected by the cataloger's knowledge on the specific topics contained in the book. Trying to solve these issues, we exploited the opportunities arising from artificial intelligence to develop Kratt: a prototype of an automatic subject indexing tool. Kratt is able to subject index a book independent of its extent and genre with a set of keywords present in the Estonian Subject Thesaurus. It takes Kratt approximately one minute to subject index a book, outperforming humans 10-15 times. Although the resulting keywords were not considered satisfactory by the catalogers, the ratings of a small sample of regular library users showed more promise. We also argue that the results can be enhanced by including a bigger corpus for training the model and applying more careful preprocessing techniques.

Source

Cataloging and classification quarterly. 59(2021) no.8, p.775-793

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Abstract

The quality of scientific publications can be measured by quantitative indices such as the h-index, Source Normalized Impact per Paper, or g-index. However, these measures lack to explain the function or reasons for citations and the context of citations from citing publication to cited publication. We argue that citation context may be considered while calculating the impact of research work. However, mining citation context from unstructured full-text publications is a challenging task. In this paper, we compiled a data set comprising 9,518 citations context. We developed a deep learning-based architecture for citation context classification. Unlike feature-based state-of-the-art models, our proposed focal-loss and class-weight-aware BiLSTM model with pretrained GloVe embedding vectors use citation context as input to outperform them in multiclass citation context classification tasks. Our model improves on the baseline state-of-the-art by achieving an F1 score of 0.80 with an accuracy of 0.81 for citation context classification. Moreover, we delve into the effects of using different word embeddings on the performance of the classification model and draw a comparison between fastText, GloVe, and spaCy pretrained word embeddings.

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Abstract

Conclusion There is a reason why Google Scholar and Web of Science/Scopus are kings of the hills in their various arenas. They have strong brand recogniton, a head start in development and a mass of eyeballs and users that leads to an almost virtious cycle of improvement. Competing against such well established competitors is not easy even when one has deep pockets (Microsoft) or a killer idea (scite). It will be interesting to see how the landscape will look like in 2030. Stay tuned for part II where I review each particular index.

Date

17.11.2020 12:22:59

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Abstract

Der Data Citation Index (DCI) stellt eine durchsuchbare Sammlung bibliografischer Metadaten zu Forschungsdaten in Datensätzen und Datenstudien ausgewählter Repositorien dar. Der DCI deckt alle wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen ab.

Object

Data Citation Index

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Abstract

There is a mutual resemblance between the behavior of users of the Stack Exchange and the dynamics of the citations accumulation process in the scientific community, which enabled us to tackle the outwardly intractable problem of assessing the impact of introducing "negative" citations. Although the most frequent reason to cite an article is to highlight the connection between the 2 publications, researchers sometimes mention an earlier work to cast a negative light. While computing citation-based scores, for instance, the h-index, information about the reason why an article was mentioned is neglected. Therefore, it can be questioned whether these indices describe scientific achievements accurately. In this article we shed insight into the problem of "negative" citations, analyzing data from Stack Exchange and, to draw more universal conclusions, we derive an approximation of citations scores. Here we show that the quantified influence of introducing negative citations is of lesser importance and that they could be used as an indicator of where the attention of the scientific community is allocated.

Date

6. 1.2020 18:10:22

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Abstract

RILM Index is a partially controlled vocabulary designated to index scholarly writings on music and related subjects, created and curated by Répertoire International de Littérature Musicale (RILM). It has been developed over 50 years and has served the music community as a primary research tool. This analytical review of the characteristics of RILM Index reveals several issues, related to the Index's history, that impinge on its usefulness. An in-progress thesaurus is presented as a possible solution to these issues. RILM Index, despite being imperfect, provides a foundation for developing an ontological structure for both indexing and information retrieval purposes.

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Abstract

This article discusses the different meanings of 'keyword' and related terms such as 'keyphrase', 'descriptor', 'index term', 'subject heading', 'tag' and 'n-gram' and suggests definitions of each of these terms. It further illustrates a classification of keywords, based on how they are produced or who is the actor generating them and present comparison between author-assigned keywords, indexer-assigned keywords and reader-assigned keywords as well as the automatic generation of keywords. The article also considers the functions of keywords including the use of keywords for generating bibliographic indexes. The theoretical view informing the article is that the assignment of a keyword to a text, picture or other document involves an interpretation of the document and an evaluation of the document's potentials for users. This perspective is important for both manually assigned keywords and for automated generation and is opposed to a strong tendency to consider a set of keywords as ideally presenting one best representation of a document for all requests.

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Abstract

The German National Library (DNB) is using a clustering technique to aggregate works from the database Culturegraph. Culturegraph collects bibliographic metadata records from all German Regional Library Networks, the Austrian Library Network, and DNB. This stock of about 180 million records serves as the basis for work clustering-the attempt to assemble all manifestations of a work in one cluster. The results of this work clustering are not employed in the display of search results, as other similar approaches successfully do, but for transferring metadata elements among the cluster members. In this paper the transfer of content-descriptive metadata elements such as controlled and uncontrolled index terms and classifications and links to name records in the German Integrated Authority File (GND) are described. In this way, standardization and cross linking can be improved and the richness of metadata description can be enhanced.

Source

Cataloging and classification quarterly. 59(2021) no.8, p.757-774

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Abstract

Der Fokus dieses Artikels liegt auf der Indexerstellung von Publikationen, d. h. der detaillierten Indexierung der Inhalte von Dokumenten statt der Indexierung auf Dokumentebene, welche sich auf das Gesamtthema von Dokumenten beschränkt. Zu letzterer zählen z. B. das Hauptthema von Artikeln, die Sachkatalogisierung von Büchern oder die Erschließung von Objekten in der Museumsdokumentation. Die Worte Index und Register werden synonym benutzt. Das Wort Index ist nicht nur ein Homonym aus unterschiedlichen Bereichen (z. B. Finanzwesen, Mathematik), sondern auch ein Polysem im Publikationswesen, da es in romanischen Sprachen sowohl Inhaltsverzeichnis als auch Register meinen kann. Während im Finanzwesen, Mathematik u. a. die Pluralform Indizes benutzt wird, ist im bibliographischen Sinn Indexe der korrekte Plural (engl.: indexes), es sei denn, es geht um Indices zu alten Werken in lateinischer Sprache (index rerum, index nominum, index verborum). Etymologie, Bedeutung und Plural des Wortes Index erläutert Wellisch ausführlich.

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Abstract

MEDLINE is the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) journal citation database. It contains over 28 million references to biomedical and life science journal articles, and a key feature of the database is that all articles are indexed with NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The library employs a team of MeSH indexers, and in recent years they have been asked to index close to 1 million articles per year in order to keep MEDLINE up to date. An important part of the MEDLINE indexing process is the assignment of articles to indexers. High quality and timely indexing is only possible when articles are assigned to indexers with suitable expertise. This article introduces the NLM indexer assignment dataset: a large dataset of 4.2 million indexer article assignments for articles indexed between 2011 and 2019. The dataset is shown to be a valuable testbed for expert matching and assignment algorithms, and indexer article assignment is also found to be useful domain-adaptive pre-training for the closely related task of reviewer assignment.

Date

22. 1.2023 18:49:49

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Abstract

A citation index is a bibliographic database that provides citation links between documents. The first modern citation index was suggested by the researcher Eugene Garfield in 1955 and created by him in 1964, and it represents an important innovation to knowledge organization and information retrieval. This article describes citation indexes in general, considering the modern citation indexes, including Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Crossref, Dimensions and some special citation indexes and predecessors to the modern citation index like Shepard's Citations. We present comparative studies of the major ones and survey theoretical problems related to the role of citation indexes as subject access points (SAP), recognizing the implications to knowledge organization and information retrieval. Finally, studies on citation behavior are presented and the influence of citation indexes on knowledge organization, information retrieval and the scientific information ecosystem is recognized.

Object

Science Citation Index

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Abstract

This paper discusses the use of wiki technology to provide a navigation structure for a collection of newspaper clippings. We overview the architecture of the wiki, discuss the navigation structure and pose the question: is the navigation structure an index, and if so, what type, or is it just a linkage structure or topic map. Does such a distinction really matter? Are these definitions in reality function based?

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Abstract

Vergangene Woche ist ein Rechtsgutachten zum Umgang von KI-Texttools an Hochschulen erschienen, in dem es auch darum geht, ob ChatGPT als Quelle genannt werden muss und ob der Gebrauch solcher automatisch generierten Texte eine Urheberrechtsverletzung darstellt. Das Gutachten wurde vom Ministerium für Kultur und Wissenschaft des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen in Auftrag gegeben. Hier finden Sie die Pressemitteilung der RuhrUni Bochum: https://news.rub.de/presseinformationen/wissenschaft/2023-03-08-gutachten-ein-verbot-von-ki-schreibtools-hochschulen-ergibt-keinen-sinn Hier ist der vollständige Text bereitgestellt: https://hss-opus.ub.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/9734. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.13154/294-9734.

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Abstract

"Deutschland hat Lust auf Digitalisierung". Die Initiative D 21 stellte gestern im Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie ihre Studie zum Digital-Index 2019/2020 vor. Zentrale Ergebnisse lauten: 86 Prozent der deutschen Bevölkerung sind online, mobile Endgeräte tragen entscheidend zum Anstieg bei. Der Digitalisierungsgrad steigt auf 58 von 100 Punkten: Digitale Vorreiter stellen erstmals die größte Gruppe, niedrig Gebildete sind in vielen Kompetenzbereichen abgehängt. 36 Prozent finden, dass Schulen ausreichende Digitalisierungsfähigkeiten vermitteln. Die Mehrheit der deutschen Bürger steht Veränderungen durch Digitalisierung positiv gegenüber.

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Date

2. 3.2020 19:04:22

Source

Cataloging and classification quarterly. 58(2020) no.1, S.1-27

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Abstract

This paper contains a report of two interdependent knowledge organization (KO) projects for an LGBT2QIA+ library. The authors, in the context of volunteer library work for an independent library, redesigned the classification system and subject cataloguing guidelines to centre LGBT2QIA+ subjects. We discuss the priorities of creating and maintaining knowledge organization systems for a historically marginalized community and address the challenge that queer subjectivity poses to the goals of KO. The classification system features a focus on identity and physically reorganizes the library space in a way that accounts for the multiple and overlapping labels that constitute the currently articulated boundaries of this community. The subject heading system focuses on making visible topics and elements of identity made invisible by universal systems and by the newly implemented classification system. We discuss how this project may inform KO for other marginalized subjects, particularly through process and documentation that prioritizes transparency and the acceptance of an unfinished endpoint for queer KO.

Date

6.10.2020 21:22:33

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Abstract

This article offers an adjustment to the recently developed Euclidean Index (Perry and Reny, 2016). The proposed companion metric reflects the impact of the journal in which an article appears; the rationale for incorporating this information is to reflect higher costs of production and higher review standards, and to mitigate the heavily truncated citation counts that often arise in promotion, renewal, and tenure deliberations. Additionally, focusing jointly on citations and journal impact diversifies the assessment process, and can thereby help avoid misjudging scholars with modest citation counts in high-level journals. A combination of both metrics is also proposed, which nests each as a special case. The approach is demonstrated using a generic journal ranking metric, but can be adapted to most any stated or revealed preference measure of journal impact.

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Abstract

Collaboration across disciplines is a critical form of scientific collaboration to solve complex problems and make innovative contributions. This study focuses on the association between multidisciplinary collaboration measured by coauthorship in publications and the disruption of publications measured by the Disruption (D) index. We used authors' affiliations as a proxy of the disciplines to which they belong and categorized an article into multidisciplinary collaboration or monodisciplinary collaboration. The D index quantifies the extent to which a study disrupts its predecessors. We selected 13 journals that publish articles in six disciplines from the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) database and then constructed regression models with fixed effects and estimated the relationship between the variables. The findings show that articles with monodisciplinary collaboration are more disruptive than those with multidisciplinary collaboration. Furthermore, we uncovered the mechanism of how monodisciplinary collaboration disrupts science more than multidisciplinary collaboration by exploring the references of the sampled publications.

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Source

https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN