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  1. Readings in information retrieval (1997) 0.11 
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    Content
    JOYCE, T. u. R.M. NEEDHAM: The thesaurus approach to information retrieval; LUHN, H.P.: The automatic derivation of information retrieval encodements from machine-readable texts; DOYLE, L.B.: Indexing and abstracting by association. Part 1; MARON, M.E. u. J.L. KUHNS: On relevance, probabilistic indexing and information retrieval; CLEVERDON, C.W.: The Cranfield test on index language devices; SALTON, G. u. M.E. LESK: Computer evaluation of indexing and text processing; HUTCHINS, W.J.: The concept of 'aboutness' in subject indexing; CLEVERDON, C.W. u. J. MILLS: The testing of index language devices; FOSKETT, D.J.: Thesaurus; DANIELS, P.J. u.a.: Using problem structures for driving human-computer dialogues; SARACEVIC, T.: Relevance: a review of and a framwork for thinking on the notion in information science; SARACEVIC, T. u.a. A study of information seeking and retrieving: I. Background and methodology; COOPER, W.S.: On selecting a measure of retrieval effectiveness, revisited; TAGEU-SUTCLIFFE, J.: The pragmatics of information retrieval experimentation, revisited; KEEN, E.M.: Presenting results of experimental retrieval comparisons; LANCASTER, F.W.: MEDLARS: report on the evaluation of its operating efficiency; HARMAN, D.K.: The TREC conferences; COOPER, W.S.: Getting beyond Boole; RIJSBERGEN, C.J. van: A non-classical logic for information retrieval; SALTON, G. u.a.: A vector space model for automatic indexing; ROBERTSON, S.E.: The probability ranking principle in IR; TURTLE, H. u. W.B. CROFT: Inference networks for document retrieval; BELKIN, N.J. u.a.: Ask for information retrieval: Part 1. Background and theory; PORTER, M.F.: Am algortihm for suffix stripping; SALTON, G. u. C. BUCKLEY: Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval; SPRACK JONES, K.: Search term relevance weighting given little relevance information; CROFT, W.B. u. D.J. HARPER: Using probabilistic models of document retrieval without relevance information; ROBERTSON, S.E. u. S. WALKER: Some simple effective approximations to the 2-poisson model for probabilistic weighted retrieval; SALTON, G. u. C. BUCKLEY: Improving retrieval performance by relevance feedback; GRIFFITHS, A. u.a.: Using interdocument similarity information in document retrieval systems; SALTON, G. u. M.J. McGILL: The SMART and SIRE experimental retrieval systems; FOX, E.A. u. R.K. FRANCE: Architecture of an expert system for composite analysis, representation, and retrieval; HARMAN, D.: User-friendly systems instead of user-friendly front ends; WALKER, S.: The Okapi online catalogue research projects; CALLAN, J. u.a.: TREC and TIPSTER experiments with INQUERY; McCUNE, B. u.a.: RUBRIC: a system for rule-based information retrieval; TENOPIR, C. u. P. CAHN: TARGET and FREESTYLE: DIALOG and Mead join the relevance ranks; AGOSTI, M. u.a.: A hypertext environment for interacting with large databases; HULL, D.A. u. G. GREFENSTETTE: Querying across languages: a dictionary-based approach to multilingual information retrieval; SALTON, G. u.a.: Automatic analysis, theme generation, and summarization of machine-readable texts; SPARCK JONES, K. u.a.: Experiments in spoken document retrieval; ZHANG, H.J. u.a.: Video parsing, retrieval and browsing: an integrated and cantent-based solution; BIEBRICHER, N. u.a.: The automatic indexing system AIR/PHYS: from research to application; STRZALKOWSKI, T.: Robust text processing in automated information retrieval; HAYES, P.J. u.a.: A news story categorization system; RAU, L.F.: Conceptual information extraction and retrieval from natural language input; MARSH, E.: A production rule system for message summarisation; JOHNSON, F.C. u.a.: The application of linguistic processing to automatic abstract generation; SWANSON, D.R.: Historical note: information retrieval and the future of an illusion
  2. Computational information retrieval (2001) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    This volume contains selected papers that focus on the use of linear algebra, computational statistics, and computer science in the development of algorithms and software systems for text retrieval. Experts in information modeling and retrieval share their perspectives on the design of scalable but precise text retrieval systems, revealing many of the challenges and obstacles that mathematical and statistical models must overcome to be viable for automated text processing. This very useful proceedings is an excellent companion for courses in information retrieval, applied linear algebra, and applied statistics. Computational Information Retrieval provides background material on vector space models for text retrieval that applied mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists may not be familiar with. For graduate students in these areas, several research questions in information modeling are exposed. In addition, several case studies concerning the efficacy of the popular Latent Semantic Analysis (or Indexing) approach are provided.
  3. Survey of text mining : clustering, classification, and retrieval (2004) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    Extracting content from text continues to be an important research problem for information processing and management. Approaches to capture the semantics of text-based document collections may be based on Bayesian models, probability theory, vector space models, statistical models, or even graph theory. As the volume of digitized textual media continues to grow, so does the need for designing robust, scalable indexing and search strategies (software) to meet a variety of user needs. Knowledge extraction or creation from text requires systematic yet reliable processing that can be codified and adapted for changing needs and environments. This book will draw upon experts in both academia and industry to recommend practical approaches to the purification, indexing, and mining of textual information. It will address document identification, clustering and categorizing documents, cleaning text, and visualizing semantic models of text.
  4. Cross-language information retrieval (1998) 0.09 
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    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: GREFENSTETTE, G.: The Problem of Cross-Language Information Retrieval; DAVIS, M.W.: On the Effective Use of Large Parallel Corpora in Cross-Language Text Retrieval; BALLESTEROS, L. u. W.B. CROFT: Statistical Methods for Cross-Language Information Retrieval; Distributed Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval; Automatic Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using Latent Semantic Indexing; EVANS, D.A. u.a.: Mapping Vocabularies Using Latent Semantics; PICCHI, E. u. C. PETERS: Cross-Language Information Retrieval: A System for Comparable Corpus Querying; YAMABANA, K. u.a.: A Language Conversion Front-End for Cross-Language Information Retrieval; GACHOT, D.A. u.a.: The Systran NLP Browser: An Application of Machine Translation Technology in Cross-Language Information Retrieval; HULL, D.: A Weighted Boolean Model for Cross-Language Text Retrieval; SHERIDAN, P. u.a. Building a Large Multilingual Test Collection from Comparable News Documents; OARD; D.W. u. B.J. DORR: Evaluating Cross-Language Text Filtering Effectiveness
    Footnote
    Christian Fluhr at al (DIST/SMTI, France) outline the EMIR (European Multilingual Information Retrieval) and ESPRIT projects. They found that using SYSTRAN to machine translate queries and to access material from various multilingual databases produced less relevant results than a method referred to as 'multilingual reformulation' (the mechanics of which are only hinted at). An interesting technique is Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), described by Michael Littman et al (Brown University) and, most clearly, by David Evans et al (Carnegie Mellon University). LSI involves creating matrices of documents and the terms they contain and 'fitting' related documents into a reduced matrix space. This effectively allows queries to be mapped onto a common semantic representation of the documents. Eugenio Picchi and Carol Peters (Pisa) report on a procedure to create links between translation equivalents in an Italian-English parallel corpus. The links are used to construct parallel linguistic contexts in real-time for any term or combination of terms that is being searched for in either language. Their interest is primarily lexicographic but they plan to apply the same procedure to comparable corpora, i.e. to texts which are not translations of each other but which share the same domain. Kiyoshi Yamabana et al (NEC, Japan) address the issue of how to disambiguate between alternative translations of query terms. Their DMAX (double maximise) method looks at co-occurrence frequencies between both source language words and target language words in order to arrive at the most probable translation. The statistical data for the decision are derived, not from the translation texts but independently from monolingual corpora in each language. An interactive user interface allows the user to influence the selection of terms during the matching process. Denis Gachot et al (SYSTRAN) describe the SYSTRAN NLP browser, a prototype tool which collects parsing information derived from a text or corpus previously translated with SYSTRAN. The user enters queries into the browser in either a structured or free form and receives grammatical and lexical information about the source text and/or its translation.
    The retrieved output from a query including the phrase 'big rockets' may be, for instance, a sentence containing 'giant rocket' which is semantically ranked above 'military ocket'. David Hull (Xerox Research Centre, Grenoble) describes an implementation of a weighted Boolean model for Spanish-English CLIR. Users construct Boolean-type queries, weighting each term in the query, which is then translated by an on-line dictionary before being applied to the database. Comparisons with the performance of unweighted free-form queries ('vector space' models) proved encouraging. Two contributions consider the evaluation of CLIR systems. In order to by-pass the time-consuming and expensive process of assembling a standard collection of documents and of user queries against which the performance of an CLIR system is manually assessed, Páriac Sheridan et al (ETH Zurich) propose a method based on retrieving 'seed documents'. This involves identifying a unique document in a database (the 'seed document') and, for a number of queries, measuring how fast it is retrieved. The authors have also assembled a large database of multilingual news documents for testing purposes. By storing the (fairly short) documents in a structured form tagged with descriptor codes (e.g. for topic, country and area), the test suite is easily expanded while remaining consistent for the purposes of testing. Douglas Ouard and Bonne Dorr (University of Maryland) describe an evaluation methodology which appears to apply LSI techniques in order to filter and rank incoming documents designed for testing CLIR systems. The volume provides the reader an excellent overview of several projects in CLIR. It is well supported with references and is intended as a secondary text for researchers and practitioners. It highlights the need for a good, general tutorial introduction to the field."
  5. SIGIR'92 : Proceedings of the 15th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (1992) 0.06 
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    Content
    HARMAN, D.: Relevance feedback revisited; AALBERSBERG, I.J.: Incremental relevance feedback; TAGUE-SUTCLIFFE, J.: Measuring the informativeness of a retrieval process; LEWIS, D.D.: An evaluation of phrasal and clustered representations on a text categorization task; BLOSSEVILLE, M.J., G. HÉBRAIL, M.G. MONTEIL u. N. PÉNOT: Automatic document classification: natural language processing, statistical analysis, and expert system techniques used together; MASAND, B., G. LINOFF u. D. WALTZ: Classifying news stories using memory based reasoning; KEEN, E.M.: Term position ranking: some new test results; CROUCH, C.J. u. B. YANG: Experiments in automatic statistical thesaurus construction; GREFENSTETTE, G.: Use of syntactic context to produce term association lists for text retrieval; ANICK, P.G. u. R.A. FLYNN: Versioning of full-text information retrieval system; BURKOWSKI, F.J.: Retrieval activities in a database consisting of heterogeneous collections; DEERWESTER, S.C., K. WACLENA u. M. LaMAR: A textual object management system; NIE, J.-Y.:Towards a probabilistic modal logic for semantic-based information retrieval; WANG, A.W., S.K.M. WONG u. Y.Y. YAO: An analysis of vector space models based on computational geometry; BARTELL, B.T., G.W. COTTRELL u. R.K. BELEW: Latent semantic indexing is an optimal special case of multidimensional scaling; GLAVITSCH, U. u. P. SCHÄUBLE: A system for retrieving speech documents; MARGULIS, E.L.: N-Poisson document modelling; HESS, M.: An incrementally extensible document retrieval system based on linguistics and logical principles; COOPER, W.S., F.C. GEY u. D.P. DABNEY: Probabilistic retrieval based on staged logistic regression; FUHR, N.: Integration of probabilistic fact and text retrieval; CROFT, B., L.A. SMITH u. H. TURTLE: A loosely-coupled integration of a text retrieval system and an object-oriented database system; DUMAIS, S.T. u. J. NIELSEN: Automating the assignement of submitted manuscripts to reviewers; GOST, M.A. u. M. MASOTTI: Design of an OPAC database to permit different subject searching accesses; ROBERTSON, A.M. u. P. WILLETT: Searching for historical word forms in a database of 17th century English text using spelling correction methods; FAX, E.A., Q.F. CHEN u. L.S. HEATH: A faster algorithm for constructing minimal perfect hash functions; MOFFAT, A. u. J. ZOBEL: Parameterised compression for sparse bitmaps; GRANDI, F., P. TIBERIO u. P. Zezula: Frame-sliced patitioned parallel signature files; ALLEN, B.: Cognitive differences in end user searching of a CD-ROM index; SONNENWALD, D.H.: Developing a theory to guide the process of designing information retrieval systems; CUTTING, D.R., J.O. PEDERSEN, D. KARGER, u. J.W. TUKEY: Scatter/ Gather: a cluster-based approach to browsing large document collections; CHALMERS, M. u. P. CHITSON: Bead: Explorations in information visualization; WILLIAMSON, C. u. B. SHNEIDERMAN: The dynamic HomeFinder: evaluating dynamic queries in a real-estate information exploring system
  6. Multimedia : systems, interaction and applications. 1st Eurographics Workshop, Stockholm, Sweden, April 18-19, 1991 (1992) 0.05 
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    Content
    Enthält u.a. die folgenden Beiträge: HORNUNG, C. u. A. SANTOS: A proposal for a reference model for cooperative hypermedia systems; HERZNER, W. u. E. HOCEVAR: CDAM: Compound Document Access and Management; MARMOLIN, H.: Multimedia from the perspectives of psychology; FROHLICH, D.M.: The design space of interfaces; TOOK, R.K.: Out of the window: a multi-medium; KIRSTE, T. u. W. Hübner: An open hypermedia system for multimedia applications; GOBLE, C. et al.: The Manchester Multimedia Information System; RHINER, M. u. P. STUCKI: Database rewuirements for multimedia applications; BELL, D. u. P. JOHNSON: Support for the authors of multimedia tutorials; WARD, P. u. F. ARSHAD: Interactive multimedia information systems for education
  7. Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age : proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto (2018) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    The 15th International ISKO Conference has been held in Porto (Portugal) under the topic Challenges and opportunities for KO in the digital age. ISKO has been organizing biennial international conferences since 1990, in order to promote a space for debate among Knowledge Organization (KO) scholars and practitioners all over the world. The topics under discussion in the 15th International ISKO Conference are intended to cover a wide range of issues that, in a very incisive way, constitute challenges, obstacles and questions in the field of KO, but also highlight ways and open innovative perspectives for this area in a world undergoing constant change, due to the digital revolution that unavoidably moulds our society. Accordingly, the three aggregating themes, chosen to fit the proposals for papers and posters to be submitted, are as follows: 1 - Foundations and methods for KO; 2 - Interoperability towards information access; 3 - Societal challenges in KO. In addition to these themes, the inaugural session includes a keynote speech by Prof. David Bawden of City University London, entitled Supporting truth and promoting understanding: knowledge organization and the curation of the infosphere.
    Date
    17. 1.2019 17:22:18
  8. Intelligent information retrieval : the case of astronomy and related space sciences (1993) 0.04 
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  9. Knowledge: creation, organization and use : Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Washington, DC, 31.10.-4.11.1999. Ed.: Larry Woods (1999) 0.04 
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    Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: AUSTIN, D.: A proposal for an International Standard Object Number works. BATEMAN, J.: Modelling the importance of end-user relevance criteria. BILAL, D.: Web search engines for children: a comparative study and performance evaluation of Yahooligans!, AskJeeves for Kids, and Super Snooper. BOROS, E., P.B. KANTOR u. D.J. NEU: Pheromonic representation of user quests by digital structures. BRADSHAW, S., K. HAMMOND: Constructing indices from citations in collections of research papers. BUDZIK, J., K. HAMMOND: Q&A: a system for the capture, organization and reuse of expertise. BUDZIK, J., K. HAMMOND: Watson: anticipating and contextualizing information needs. CHOO, C.W., B. DETLOR u. D. TURNBULL: Information seeking on the Web: an integrated model of browsing and searching. CORTEZ, E.M.: Planning and implementing a high performance knowledge base. DING, W., D. SOERGEL u. G. MARCHIONINI: Performance of visual, verbal, and combined video surrogates. DU TOIT, A.: Developing a framework for managing knowledge in enterprises. FALCONER, J.: The business pattern: a new tool for organizational knowledge capture and reuse. GOODRUM, A., A. SPINK: Visual information seeking: a study of image queries on the world wide web. HEIDORN, P.B.: The identification of index terms in natural language object descriptions. HILL, L.L., Q. ZHENG: Indirect geospatial referencing through place names in the digital library: Alexandra digital library experience with developing and implementing gazetteers. JURISICA, I., J. MYLOPOULOS u. E. YU: Using ontologies for knowledge management: an information systems perspective. KANTOR, B., E. BOROS u. B. MELAMED u.a.: The information quest: a dynamic model of user's information needs. KANTOR, P., M.H. KIM u. U. Ibraev u.a.: Estimating the number of relevant documents in enormous collections. KIM, Y., B. NORGARD U. A. CHEN u.a.: Using ordinary language in access metadata of divers types of information resources: trade classifications and numeric data. KOLLURI, V., D.P. METZLER: Knowledge guided rule learning. LARSON, R.R., C. CARSON: Information access for a digital library: Cheshire II and the Berkeley environment digital library. LEAZER, G.H., J. FURNER: Topological indices of textual identity networks. LIN, X.: Designing a visual interface for online searching. MA, Y., V.B. DIODATO: Icons as visual form of knowledge representation on the World Wide Web: a semiotic analysis.
    MACCALL, S.L., A.D. CLEVELAND U. I.E. GIBSON: Outline and preliminary evaluation of the classical digital library model. MACCALL, S.L., A.D. CLEVELAND: A relevance-based quantitative measure for Internet information retrieval evaluation. MAI, J.-E.: A postmodern theory of knowledge organization. PATRICK, T.B., M.C. SIEVERT U. J. RIES u.a.: Clustering terms in health care terminologies. PATRICK, T.B., M.C. SIEVERT U. M. POPESCU: Text indexing of images based on graphical image content. POLE, T.: Contextual classification in the Metadata Object Manager (M.O.M.). PRISS, U., E. JACOB: Utilizing faceted structures for information systems design. RORVIG, M., M.M. SMITH U. A. UEMURA: The N-gram hypothesis applied to matched sets of visualized Japanese-English technical documents. SCHAMBER, L., J. BATEMAN: Relevance criteria uses and importance: progress in development of a measurement scale. SMIRAGLIA, R.P.: Derivative bibliographic relationships among theological works. SU, L.T., H.L. CHEN: Evaluation of Web search engines by undergraduate students. TSE, T., S. VEGH U. G. MARCHIONINI u.a.: An exploratory study of video browsing user interface designs and research methodologies: effectiveness in information seeking tasks. WANG, P.: An empirical study of knowledge structures of research topics; SCULL, C. u.a.: Envisioning the Web: user expectations about the cyber-experience; WEISS, S.C.: The seamless, Web-based library: a meta site for the 21st century; DUGDALE, C.: Cooperation, coordination and cultural change for effective information management in the hybrid academic library. PRETTYMAN, M. u.a.: Electronic publication of health information in an object oriented environment. PRITCHARD, E.E.: Retrospective conversion of journal titles to online formats: which disciplines make good choices? SHARRETTS, C.W. u.a.: Electronic theses and dissertations at the University of Virginia. HAWK, W.B. u. P. WANG: Users' interaction with the World Wide Web: Problems & problem-solving. HARRIS, C. u.a. Temporal visualization for legal case histories. MARSHALL, R.: Rhetoric and policy: how is it being used in pornography and the Internet?
    WARWICK, S. u. H.I. XIE: Copyright management information in electronic forms: user compliance and modes of delivery. HOCHHEISER, H. u. B. SHNEIDERMAN: Understanding patterns of user visits to Web sites: interactive Starfield visualizations of WWW log data. GIANNINI, T.: Rethinking the reference interview: from interpersonal communication to online information process. KANTOR, P.B. u. T. SARACEVIC: Quantitative study of the value of research libraries: a foundation for the evaluation of digital libraries. MIKULECKY, P. u. J. MIKULECKA: Active tools for better knowledge dissemination. BERKEMEYER, J.: Electronic publications at national libraries: now and in the future. ZHANG, Z. u.a.: DAPHNE: a tool for distributed Web authoring and publishing. BISHOP, A.P. u.a. Information exchange networks in low-income neighborhoods: implications for community networking. ERCEGOVAC, Z.: LEArning portfolio for accessing engineering information for engineers. RENEKER, M. u.a.: Information environment of a military university campus: an exploratory study. GREENE, S. u. R. LUTZ: Data stewardship: the care and handling of named entities. NEUMANN, L.: Physical environment as a resource in information work settings. VISHIK, C. u.a.: Enterprise information space: user's view, developer's view, and market approach. SHIM, W. u. P.B. KANTOR: Evaluation of digital libraries: a DEA approach. TENOPIR, C. u. D. GREEN: Patterns of use and usage factors for online databases in academic and public libraries. TROLLEY, J.H. u. J. O'NEILL: New wine and old vessels: the evaluation and integration of Web based information in well-established resources. KANTOR, P.B. u. R. NORDLIE: Models of the behavior of people searching the Internet: a Petri net approach. TOMS, E.G. u.a.: Does genre define the shape of information? The role of form and function in user interaction with digital documents. ROSENBAUM, H.: Towards a theory of the digital information environment. WHITMIRE, E.: Undergraduates' information seeking behavior: the role of epistemological development theories and models. BREITENSTEIN, M.: From revolution to orthodoxy: an evolutionary histroy of the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science. YANCEY, T. u.a.: Lexicography without limits: a Web-based solution
    Date
    22. 6.2005 9:44:50
  10. Localist connectionist approaches to human cognition (1998) 0.04 
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    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: GRAINGER, J. u. A.M. JACOBS: On localist connectionism and psychological science; HOUGHTON, G. u. S.P. TIPPER: A model of selective attention as a mechanism of cognitive model; BURTON, A.M.: A model of human face recognition; FRAUENFELDER, U.H. u. G. PEETERS: Simulating the time course of spoken word recognition: an analysis of lexical competition in TRACE; JACOBS, A.M. u.a.: MROM-p: an interactive activation, multiple readabout model of orthographic and phonological processes in visual word recognition; DIJKSTRA, T. u. W.J.B. van HEUVEN: The BIA model and bilingual word recognition; PAGE, M. u. D. NORRIS: Modeling immediate serial recall with a localist implementation of the primacy model; SCHADE, U. u. H.-J. EIKMEYER: Modeling the production of object spectifications; GOLDSTONE, R.L.: Hanging together: a connectionist model of similarity; MYUNG, J. u. A.A. PITT: Issues in selecting mathematical models of cognition
    Date
    1. 6.1999 19:50:22
  11. Progress in visual information access and retrieval (1999) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    The development of innovative retrieval approaches for access to visual information is among the most significant of technological, conceptual, and institutional challenges for the library and information science community. On a conceptual level, it is clear that humans employ a variety of socio-cognitive processes, as well as sensory skills, in the retrieval and evaluation of visual information. From an institutional standpoint, libraries, archives, and museums have entered into digitization projects, varying in scope and scale, the results of which are beginning to challenge the manner in which information is described, stored, and delivered. The primary goal of this issue of Library Trends is to present practitioners, researchers, and educators in the areas of library and information science, archives, and museums, as well as "imagists" working with visual resources in any setting, with a current perspective on the development of visual information retrieval and access tools. The issue's scope is limited to the analysis and retrieval of bit-mapped or raster images and video (images that are comprised of pixels of varying color information values) and does not include work with vector graphics (images encoded as numeric formulas that represent lines and curves-e.g., Geographic Information Systems [GIS]). The contributions provide perspectives from researchers and practitioners-specialists in the areas of library and information science and computer science. In planning this issue, a conscious effort was made to include a perspective on the developing foundation of visual information retrieval, as well as work representing current and experimental systems. The issue is divided into three sections-I. Foundations of Intellectual Access to Visual Information, II. Implementation and Evaluation, and III. Experimentation.
    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: Part I-Foundations of Access to Visual Information Intellectual Access to Images (Hsin-liang Chen and Edie M. Rasmussen) - Image Retrieval as Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Visual Model Matching (P. Bryan Heidorn) - Computer Vision Tools for Finding Images and Video Sequences (D. A. Forsyth) Part II-Implementation and Evaluation Securing Digital Image Assets in Museums and Libraries: A Risk Management Approach (Teresa Grose Beamsley) - Getting the Picture: Observations from the Library of Congress on Providing Access to Pictorial Images (Caroline R. Arms) - Recent Developments in Cultural Heritage Image Databases: Directions for User-Centered Design (Christie Stephenson) - Evaluation of Image Retrieval Systems: Role of User Feedback (Samantha K. Hastings) Part III-Experimental Approaches Information Retrieval Beyond the Text Document (Yong Rui, Michael Ortega, Thomas S. Huang, and Sharad Mehrotra) - Precise and Efficient Retrieval of Captioned Images: The MARIE Project (Neil C. Rowe) - Exploiting Multimodal Context in Image Retrieval (Rohini K. Srihari and Zhongfei Zhang)
  12. Ordering systems for global information networks : Proc. of the 3rd Int. Study Conf. on Classification Research, Bombay, 1975 (1979) 0.03 
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    Content
    Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: HENRIKSEN, T.: A linguistic description model for indexing languages; MONTGOMERY, C.A.: Toward a natural language communications inferface; SPANG-HANSSEN, H.: Are classification systems similar to natural languages; LANCASTER, F.W.: Vocabulary control for on-line interactive retrieval systems: requirements and possible approaches; DAHLBERG, I.: On the theory of the concept; GROLIER, E. de: In search of an objective basis for the organization of knowledge; BELING, G.: Towards a set theoretical foundation of classification; BHATTACHARYYA, G.: Fundamenbtal of subject indexing languages; CAVALCANTI, C.R.: Universal integrated media for information processing; DESAI, A.R.: Theory of integrative levels, general systems theory, theory of classification, theory of wvolution, and theory of pattern recognition (abstract); GOPINATH, M.A. u. S. SEETHARAMA: Interdisciplinary subjects and their classification; IMMROTH, J.P.: A lexical essay toward the developments of the theory of indexes to classification schemes; KOCHEN, M.: Organising knowledge for coping with needs; KURBAKOV, K.I. u. V.G. BOLDOV: Problem of compatibility of information classification systems and some probable methods of its solution; MAIXNER, V.: Classification systems and retrieval languages; MEINCKE, P.P.M. u. P. ATHERTON: Knowledge space: a conceptual basis for the organization of knowledge; NEELAMEGHAN, A.: Absolute syntax and structure of an indexing and switching language; NEILL, S.D. MacLuhan and classification; RICHMOND, P.A. u. N.J. WILLIAMSON: Three dimensional physical models in classification; SVENONIUS, E.: Translation between hierarchical structures: an exercise in abstract classification; BORKO, H.: Changing roles of and developments in automated classification; DREESE, M.J.: Comparison of document retrieval using UDC - notation given by UDC - expert with catch-words taken from title by clerk, stored in computer memory; GARFIELD, E., MALIN, M.V. u. H. SMALL: A system for automatic classification of scientific literature (abstract); HEAPS, H.S. u. K.V. LEuNG: Automatic document classification based on a theory of relevance; HOYLE, W.G.: A measure of overlap in classification systems; KLESZCZ: Method of information retrieval and subject index compilation for abstracting periodicals with the use of a thesaurus enlarged with machine part classification; SCHNEIDER, J.H.: AUTOCLASS: a computer system for facilitating the creation and updating of hierarchical classifications; JANOS, J.: Information systems with automated indexing based an the analysis of texts; RIGBY, M.: Advances since Elsinore in the use of automated equipment for vocabulary, classification schedule and information or data control on a universal scale; TOMAN, J.: Trend of the future: two ordering system used together? TOMAN, J. u. G.A. Lloyd: Introduction to the Subject-field Reference Code (SRC) or Broad System of Ordering (BSO) for UNISIST purposes; AUSTIN, D.: Differences between library classifications and machine-based subject retrieval systems; some inferences drawn from research in Britain, 1963-1973; JACHOWICZ, R.L.: Application of classification as basis for the formulation of thesaurus; KOFNOVEC, L. u. D. SIMANDL: Quantitative structure of world scientific and technical literature and its use for optimizing general classifications; RAJAN, T.N. u. B. GUHA: A comparative study of subject heading structuring according to POPSI and PRECIS; ROLLING, L.N.: Computer management of multi-lingual thesauri; SOKOLOV, A.V.: Compound indexing languages; VILENSKAYA, S.C.: Systems approach as a principle of thesaurus building on the basis of the subject headings language; WAHLIN, E.: Special classification systems used together with a common reference system; the AR-complex; WERSIG, G.: Experiences in compatibility research in documentary languages; WOLFF-TERROINE, M.: A macrothesaurus. Why? How? SAMUELSON, K.: Information ordering in worldwise communications; SHEPHERD, M. u. C. WATTERS: Hierarchical retrieval from structured text
  13. Knowledge organization and quality management : proceedings of the third International ISKO Conference, 20-24 June 1994, Copenhagen, Denmark (1994) 0.03 
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    Content
    ANANIADOU, S.: A conceptual linguistic approach to automatic term recognition; SCHIPPER, J.D.: Discourse in hypertext systems, knowledge organising structures and information strategies: some philosophical remarks; BECH, A. u. C. NAVARETTA: MECKA: Methodologies for constructing knowledge bases for NLP systems; KENT, R.E.: Implications and rules in thesauri; SONNENWALD, D.H. u. A.M. PEJTERSEN: Towards a framework to support information needs in design: a concurrent engineering example; HJERPPE, R.: A framework for the description of generalised documents; ENDRES-NIGGEMEYER, B.: A naturalistic model of abstracting; OHLY, H.P.: Thinking in networks; JOHNSON, L.: Maps as hyperobjects: an approach to knowledge (Re)presentations in hypertexts; BOWKER, L. u. T.C. LETHBRIDGE: terminology and facetd classification: applications using CODE4; OERNAGER, S.: The image database: the need for innovative indexing and retrieval; SPANGENBERG, N., K.E. WOLFF u. R. FISCHER: The knowledge of experts and the problem of communication and understanding demonstrated by a topic from psychoanalysis; CHRISTIANSSON, P. u. J. MODIN: Communicating knowledge in the building industry: the CUBE system and its conceptual models; FAILLA, D.: Japanese Lacquer art and lacquered furniture: two multilingual facetted microthesauri;
    CAMELLI, A.: u. F. SOCCI: A thesaurus for improving information retrieval in an integrated legal expert system; PEJTERSEN, A.M.: A framework for indexing and representation of information based on work domain analysis: a fiction classification sample; BJÖRKLUND, L.: The potential of using knowledge organising tools in collaborative system development; JARRED, A.D. u. M.V. HENDERSON: Communication patterns of historic preservationists; BAYER, B.: Knowing references; ANDERSEN, H.K.H.: Classification schemes: supporting articulation work in technical documentation; WOLFF, K.-E.: Conceptual control of complex industrial production processes (abstract); EFTHIMIADIS, E.N.: End-users' understanding of thesaural knowledge structures and interactive query expansion; BOSMAN, F., F. den HOLLANDER u. L. van MAANEN: CoBRA/RUG: expert system for user queries; SHOHAM, S. u. M. YITZHAKI: Classification systems and the online catalog; GOPINATH, M.A. u. A.R.D. PRASAD: A knowledge representational model for analytico synthetic classification; ISHIKAWA, T., H. NAKAMURA u. Y. NAKAMURA: UDC number automatic combination system (UDC-AUTCS);
    LAMIREL, J.C., M. CREHANGE u. J. DUCLOY: NOMAD: a documentary database interrogation system using multiple neural topographies and novelty decision; MASSIMILIANO, G. u. G. NEGRINI: A tool to guide the logical process of conceptual structuring; SEDELOW, S.Y. u. W.A. SEDELOW: Thesauri and concept-lattice semantic nets; BJÖRKLIND, A.: An architecture for organising dynamic information about space and time; JONES, S. u. M. HANCOCK-BEAULIEU: Support strategies for interactive thesaurus navigation; NKWENTI-AZEH, B.: The use of thesaural facets and definitions for the representation of knowledge structures; POLLITT, A.S., G.P. ELLIS u. I. HOSCH: Improving search quality using thesauri for query specification and the presentation of search results; BUSCH, J.A. u. T. PETERSEN: Automated mapping of topical subject headings into faceted index strings usinf the Art and Architecture Thesaurus as a machine readable dictionary; RIESTHUIS, G.J.A.: Conversion from precoordinated classified catalogues to postcoordinated keyword catalogues; WILLIAMSON, N.J. u. I.C. McILWAINE: A feasibility study on the restructuring of the Universal Decimal Classification into a fully-facetted classification system; FUGMANN, R.: Representational predictibility: key to the resolution of several pending issues in indexing and information supply; IIVONEN, M.: Effect of extending the scope of search concepts on the intersearcher and intrasearcher consistency; WORMELL, I.: Subject access redefined: how new technology changes the conception of subject representation
  14. Höfferer, M.: Heuristic search in information retrieval (1994) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    The paper describes an adaptive information retrieval system that uses heuristic search to sample a document space. IRAS consists of the following parts: (1) the information retrieval a*-algorithm for retrieving relevant documents according to a user's request, and (2) a learning module, based on a knowledge representation system and an approximate probabilistic characterization of relevant documents, to reproduce a user classification of relevant documents and to provide a rule-controlled ranking
  15. National Seminar on Classification in the Digital Environment : Papers contributed to the National Seminar an Classification in the Digital Environment, Bangalore, 9-11 August 2001 (2001) 0.03 
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    2. 1.2004 10:35:22
    Footnote
    AHUJA and SATIJA (Relevance of Ranganathan's Classification Theory in the Age of Digital Libraries) note that traditional bibliographic classification systems have been applied in the digital environment with only limited success. They find that the "inherent flexibility of electronic manipulation of documents or their surrogates should allow a more organic approach to allocation of new subjects and appropriate linkages between subject hierarchies." (p. 18). Ahija and Satija also suggest that it is necessary to shift from a "subject" focus to a "need" focus when applying classification theory in the digital environment. They find Ranganathan's framework applicable in the digital environment. Although Ranganathan's focus is "subject oriented and hence emphasise the hierarchical and linear relationships" (p. 26), his framework "can be successfully adopted with certain modifications ... in the digital environment." (p. 26). SHAH and KUMAR (Model for System Unification of Geographical Schedules (Space Isolates)) report an a plan to develop a single schedule for geographical Subdivision that could be used across all classification systems. The authors argue that this is needed in order to facilitate interoperability in the digital environment. SAN SEGUNDO MANUEL (The Representation of Knowledge as a Symbolization of Productive Electronic Information) distills different approaches and definitions of the term "representation" as it relates to representation of knowledge in the library and information science literature and field. SHARADA (Linguistic and Document Classification: Paradigmatic Merger Possibilities) suggests the development of a universal indexing language. The foundation for the universal indexing language is Chomsky's Minimalist Program and Ranganathan's analytico-synthetic classification theory; Acording to the author, based an these approaches, it "should not be a problem" (p. 62) to develop a universal indexing language.
  16. Papers from the workshop on hypermedia and hypertext standards held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, 22-23 April 1993 (1993) 0.03 
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    Enthält u.a.: WELSCH, L.A.: Multimedia and hypermedia: model and framework. - BRYAN, M.: Standards for text and hypermedia processing. - POPHAM, M.G.: Use of SGML and HyTime in UK universities. - SCHELLER, A.: The Open Document Architecture (ODA) and its HyperODA extensions. - FROMONT, J.: State-of-the-art regarding the various standards for contents related to text, still images, sound and video. - BROEKMAN, H.J.D.: Effective communication with interactive media
  17. Structures and relations in knowledge organization : Proceedings of the 5th International ISKO-Conference, Lille, 25.-29.8.1998 (1998) 0.03 
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    Mit Beiträgen von: DEREMETZ, A.: Metaphor, organization and building of knowledge in textual sciences; ALBRECHTSEN, H. u. E.K. JACOB: The role of classificatory structures as boundary objects in information ecologies; MYLOPOULOS, J. et al.: Computational mechanisms for knowledge organization; PHELAN, A.: Database and knowledge representation: the Greek legacy; POLANCO, X. et al.: An artificial neural network perspective on knowledge representation from databases: the use of a multilayer preception for data clusters cartography; SUOMINEN, V.: Linguistic / semiotic conditions of retrieval / documentation in the light of a sausurean conception of language: 'organising knowledge' or 'communication concerning documents?'; BÉGUIN, A.: Thesaurus usage and mental development; SUKIASYAN, E.: Classification systems in their historical development: problems of typology and terminology; SALLET FERREIRA NOVELLINO, M.: Information transfer considering the production and use contexts: information retrieval languages; FISCHER, D.H.: From thesauri towards ontologies?; LYKKE NIELSEN, M.: Future thesauri: what kind of conceptual knowledge do searchers need?; LACROIX, S. et al.: OK: a model of ontologies by differentiation; LEE, M. u. R. MIZOGUCHI; Ontology models for supporting exploratory information needs;
    SCHMITZ-ESSER, W.: Defining the conceptual space for a world exhibition - first experiences; SOLOMON. P.: On the use of research categorizations as the basis for organizing knowledge: a test in the domain of information behavior in health care; BEAN, C.: The semantics of hierarchy: explicit parent-child relationships in MeSH tree structures; HUDON, M.: A preliminary investigation of the usefulness of semantic relations and of standardized definitions for the purpose of specifying meaning in a thesaurus; JOUIS, C.: System of types + inter-concept relations properties: towards validation of constructed terminologies; HETZLER, B. et al.: Visualizing the full spectrum of document relationships; GREEN, R.: Attribution and relationality; KOLMAYER, E. et al.: Conceptual maps: users navigation trough paradigmatic and syntagmatic links; NAKAMURA, Y.: Subdivisions vs. conjunctions: a discussion on concept theory; DAHLBERG, I.: Classification structure principles: investigations, experiences, conclusions; FROISSART, C. u. G. LALLICH-BOIDIN: Towards structuring of indexing vocabulary for large technical documents; MOUNIER, E. u. C. PAGANELLI: Text structure and information retrieval in large documents; LAROUK, O.: Modelling users need: schemas of interrogation and filtering of answers from the WEB in co-operative mode; VILADENC, I. u. O.DUPONT: Knowledge transfer in the field of telematics, in a didactic communicational context realized with hypermedia support; WILLIAMSON, N.: An interdisciplinary world and discipline based classification; BEGHTOL, C.: General classification systems: structural principles for multidisciplinary specification; McILWAINE, I.: Knowledge classifications, bibliographic classifications and the Internet;
  18. Categories, contexts and relations in knowledge organization : Proceedings of the Twelfth International ISKO Conference 6-9 August 2012, Mysore, India (2012) 0.03 
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    CATEGORIES IN KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION L. Hajibayova and E. K. Jacob. A Theoretical Framework for Operationalizing Basic Level Categories in Knowledge Organization Research - A. Y. Asundi. Epistemological Basis of some Common Categories - A Study of Space and Time As Common Concepts - A. Y. Asundi. Domain Specific Categories and Relations and their Potential Applications: A Case Study of Two Arrays of Agriculture Schedule of Colon Classification RELATIONSHIPS IN KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION K. S. Raghavan and A. Neelameghan. Indic Cultures and Concepts: Implications for Knowledge Organization - Eduardo Ismael Murguia and Rodrigo de Sales. CNPq.s Knowledge Area Table as a Knowledge and Power Apparatus - Maja Zumer, Marcia Lei Zeng and Joan S. Mitchell. FRBRizing KOS Relationships: Applying the FRBR Model to Versions of the DDC - D. Grant Campbell. Farradane.s Relational Indexing and its Relationship to Hyperlinking in Alzheimer.s Information - Elizabeth Milonas. Classifying Web Term Relationships: An Examination of the Search Result Pages of Two Major Search Engines - Rosa San Sengundo and Daniel Martinez Avila. New Conceptual Structures for the Digital Environment: From KOS to the Semantic Interconnection - A. Neelameghan and K.S. Raghavan. Concept of .Time., Semantic Relationships and Cultural Frames
    KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION FOR SPECIFIC DOMAINS Laurence Favier and Widad Mustafa El Hadi. From Text to Image: The Concept of Universality in Knowledge Organization Systems Designed by Paul Otlet and the International Institute of Bibliography - Kathryn La Barre and Rosa Inês de Novais Cordeiro. Unmasking "That Obscure Object of Desire.: A Brief Report from the Films and Facets Project - Hemalatha Iyer and Amber D'Ambrosio. Archetypes, Idealized Cognitive Model and Prototype Effect: A Discussion of Images and Cognition in Categorization - Perspectives for Knowledge Organization - João Batista Ernesto de Moraes. Aboutness in Fiction: Methodological Perspectives for Knowledge Organization - Shu-jiun Chen, Marcia Lei Zeng and Hsueh-hua Chen. Alignment of Conceptual Structures in Controlled Vocabularies in the Domain of Chinese Art - A Discussion of Issues and Patterns - Miriam Gontijo, Vera Dodebei and Evelyn Orrico. Discourse Analysis as an Approach to Categorizing the Domain of Public Policy: The Case of Brazilian E-Government
    KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION FOR ARCHIVES Renato Rocha Souza, Flávio Codeço Coelho and Suemi Higuchi. The CPDOC Semantic Portal: Applying Semantic and Knowledge Organization Systems to the Brazilian Contemporary History Domain - Natália Bolfarini Tognoli and José Augusto Chaves Guimarães. Challenges of Knowledge Representation in Contemporary Archival Science - Thiago Henrique Bragato Barros and João Batista Ernesto de Moraes. Archival Classification and Knowledge Organization: Theoretical Possibilities for the Archival Field - Pekka Henttonen. Diversity of Knowledge Organization in Records and Archives Management DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION TOOLS Leonard Will. The ISO 25964 Data Model for the Structure of an Information Retrieval Thesaurus - Wieslaw Babik. A Faceted Classification of Cartographic Materials: Problems of Construction and Use - Ming-Shu, Yuan, Fan-Hua, Nan and Gou-Chi, Lee. Constructing Knowledge Classification Scheme in Industrial Technology via Domain Analysis: An Empirical Study - B.L. Vinod Kumar and Khaiser Nikam. Sanskrit-English Bilingual Thesaurus for Yogic Sciences: A Case Study of Problems and Issues with Terms of Non-Latin Origin - Emilena Josemary Lorenzon, Luciana de Souza Gracioso, Marco Donizete Paulino da Silva, Marcele Tinelli, Roniberto Morato Amaral, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de Faria and Wanda Aparecida Machado Hoffmann. Controlled Vocabulary for Intelligence Information System for Shoes
  19. Challenges in knowledge representation and organization for the 21st century : integration of knowledge across boundaries. Proceedings of the 7th ISKO International Conference, 10-13 July 2002, Granada, Spain (2003) 0.02 
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    6. Organization of Integrated Knowledge in the Electronic Environment. The Internet José Antonio SALVADOR OLIVÁN, José Maria ANGÓS ULLATE and Maria Jesús FERNÁNDEZ RUÍZ: Organization of the Information about Health Resources an the Internet; Eduardo PEIS, Antonio RUIZ, Francisco J. MUNOZ-FERNÁNDEZ and Francisco de ALBA QUINONES: Practical Method to Code Archive Findings Aids in Internet Marthinus; S. VAN DER WALT: An Integrated Model For The Organization Of Electronic Information/Knowledge in Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (Smme's) in South Africa; Ricardo EITO BRUN: Software Development and Reuse as Knowledge Management; Practice Roberto POLI: Framing Information; 7. Models and Methods for Knowledge Organization and Conceptual Relationships Terence R. SMITH, Marcia Lei ZENG, and ADEPT Knowledge Organization Team: Structured Models of Scientific Concepts for Organizing, Accessing, and Using Learning Materials; M. OUSSALAH, F. GIRET and T. KHAMMACI: A kr Multi-hierarchies/Multi-Views Model for the Development of Complex Systems; Jonathan FURNER: A Unifying Model of Document Relatedness for Hybrid Search Engines; José Manuel BARRUECO and Vicente Julián INGLADA: Reference Linking in Economics: The Citec Project; Allyson CARLYLE and Lisa M. FUSCO: Equivalence in Tillett's Bibliographic Relationships Taxonomy: a Revision; José Antonio FRÍAS and Ana Belén RÍOS HILARIO: Visibility and Invisibility of the Kindship Relationships in Bibliographic Families of the Library Catalogue; 8. Integration of Knowledge in the Internet. Representing Knowledge in Web Sites Houssem ASSADI and Thomas BEAUVISAGE: A Comparative Study of Six French-Speaking Web Directories; Barbara H. KWASNIK: Commercial Web Sites and The Use of Classification Schemes: The Case of Amazon.Com; Jorge SERRANO COBOS and Ana M' QUINTERO ORTA: Design, Development and Management of an Information Recovery System for an Internet Website: from Documentary Theory to Practice; José Luis HERRERA MORILLAS and M' del Rosario FERNÁNDEZ FALERO: Information and Resources About Bibliographic Heritage an The Web Sites of the Spanish Universities; J.F. ALDANA, A.C. GÓMEZ, N. MORENO, A. J. NEBRO, M.M. ROLDÁN: Metadata Functionality for Semantic Web Integration; Uta PRISS: Alternatives to the "Semantic Web": Multi-Strategy Knowledge Representation; 9. Models and Methods for Knowledge Integration in Information Systems Rebecca GREEN, Carol A. BEAN and Michele HUDON: Universality And Basic Level Concepts; Grant CAMPBELL: Chronotope And Classification: How Space-Time Configurations Affect the Gathering of Industrial Statistical Data; Marianne LYKKE NIELSEN and Anna GJERLUF ESLAU: Corporate Thesauri - How to Ensure Integration of Knowledge and Reflections of Diversity; Nancy WILLIAMSON: Knowledge Integration and Classification Schemes; M.V. HURTADO, L. GARCIA and J.PARETS: Semantic Views over Heterogeneous and Distributed Data Repositories: Integration of Information System Based an Ontologies; Fernando ELICHIRIGOITY and Cheryl KNOTT MALONE: Representing the Global Economy: the North American Industry Classification System;
  20. XML data management : native XML and XML-enabled database systems (2003) 0.02 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.1, S.90-91 (N. Rhodes): "The recent near-exponential increase in XML-based technologies has exposed a gap between these technologies and those that are concerned with more fundamental data management issues. This very comprehensive and well-organized book has quite neatly filled the gap, thus achieving most of its stated intentions. The target audiences are database and XML professionals wishing to combine XML with modern database technologies and such is the breadth of scope of this book (hat few would not find it useful in some way. The editors have assembled a collection of chapters from a wide selection of industry heavyweights and as with most books of this type, it exhibits many disparate styles but thanks to careful editing it reads well as a cohesive whole. Certain sections have already appeared in print elsewhere and there is a deal of corporate flag-waving but nowhere does it become over-intrusive. The preface provides only the very brietest of introductions to XML but instead sets the tone for the remainder of the book. The twin terms of data- and document-centric XML (Bourret, 2003) that have achieved so much recent currency are re-iterated before XML data management issues are considered. lt is here that the book's aims are stated, mostly concerned with the approaches and features of the various available XML data management solutions. Not surprisingly, in a specialized book such as this one an introduction to XML consists of a single chapter. For issues such as syntax, DTDs and XML Schemas the reader is referred elsewhere, here, Chris Brandin provides a practical guide to achieving good grammar and style and argues convincingly for the use of XML as an information-modeling tool. Using a well-chosen and simple example, a practical guide to modeling information is developed, replete with examples of the pitfalls. This brief but illuminating chapter (incidentally available as a "taster" from the publisher's web site) notes that one of the most promising aspects of XML is that applications can be built to use a single mutable information model, obviating the need to change the application code but that good XML design is the basis of such mutability.
    There is some debate over what exactly constitutes a native XML database. Bourret (2003) favors the wider definition; other authors such as the Butler Group (2002) restrict the use of the term to databases systems designed and built solely for storage and manipulation of XML. Two examples of the lauer (Tamino and eXist) are covered in detailed chapters here but also included in this section is the embedded XML database system, Berkeley DB XML, considered by makers Sleepycat Software to be "native" in that it is capable of storing XML natively but built an top of the Berkeley DB engine. To the uninitiated, the revelation that schemas and DTDs are not required by either Tamino or eXist might seem a little strange. Tamino implements "loose coupling" where the validation behavior can be set to "strict," "lax" (i.e., apply only to parts of a document) or "skip" (no checking), in eXist, schemas are simply optional. Many DTDs and schemas evolve as the XML documents are acquired and so these may adhere to slightly different schemas, thus the database should support queries an similar documents that do not share the same structune. In fact, because of the difficulties in mappings between XML and database (especially relational) schemas native XML databases are very useful for storage of semi-structured data, a point not made in either chapter. The chapter an embedded databases represents a "third way," being neither native nor of the XML-enabled relational type. These databases run inside purpose-written applications and are accessed via an API or similar, meaning that the application developer does not need to access database files at the operating system level but can rely an supplied routines to, for example, fetch and update database records. Thus, end-users do not use the databases directly; the applications do not usually include ad hoc end-user query tools. This property renders embedded databases unsuitable for a large number of situations and they have become very much a niche market but this market is growing rapidly. Embedded databases share an address space with the application so the overhead of calls to the server is reduced, they also confer advantages in that they are easier to deploy, manage and administer compared to a conventional client-server solution. This chapter is a very good introduction to the subject, primers an generic embedded databases and embedded XML databases are helpfully provided before the author moves to an overview of the Open Source Berkeley system. Building an embedded database application makes far greater demands an the software developer and the remainder of the chapter is devoted to consideration of these programming issues.
    Relational database Management systems have been one of the great success stories of recent times and sensitive to the market, Most major vendors have responded by extending their products to handle XML data while still exploiting the range of facilities that a modern RDBMS affords. No book of this type would be complete without consideration of the "big these" (Oracle 9i, DB2, and SQL Server 2000 which each get a dedicated chapter) and though occasionally overtly piece-meal and descriptive the authors all note the shortcomings as well as the strengths of the respective systems. This part of the book is somewhat dichotomous, these chapters being followed by two that propose detailed solutions to somewhat theoretical problems, a generic architecture for storing XML in a RDBMS and using an object-relational approach to building an XML repository. The biography of the author of the latter (Paul Brown) contains the curious but strangely reassuring admission that "he remains puzzled by XML." The first five components are in-depth case studies of XMLdatabase applications. Necessarily diverse, few will be interested in all the topics presented but I was particularly interested in the first case study an bioinformatics. One of the twentieth century's greatest scientific undertakings was the Human Genome Project, the quest to list the information encoded by the sequence of DNA that makes up our genes and which has been referred to as "a paradigm for information Management in the life sciences" (Pearson & Soll, 1991). After a brief introduction to molecular biology to give the background to the information management problems, the authors turn to the use of XML in bioinformatics. Some of the data are hierarchical (e.g., the Linnaean classification of a human as a primate, primates as mammals, mammals are all vertebrates, etc.) but others are far more difficult to model. The Human Genome Project is virtually complete as far as the data acquisition phase is concerned and the immense volume of genome sequence data is no longer a very significant information Management issue per se. However bioinformaticians now need to interpret this information. Some data are relatively straightforward, e.g., the positioning of genes and sequence elements (e.g., promoters) within the sequences, but there is often little or no knowledge available an the direct and indirect interactions between them. There are vast numbers of such interrelationships; many complex data types and novel ones are constantly emerging, necessitating an extensible approach and the ability to manage semi-structured data. In the past, object databases such as AceDB (Durbin & Mieg, 1991) have gone some way to Meeting these aims but it is the combination of XML and databases that more completely addresses knowledge Management requirements of bioinformatics. XML is being enthusiastically adopted with a plethora of XML markup standards being developed, as authors Direen and Jones note "The unprecedented degree and flexibility of XML in terms of its ability to capture information is what makes it ideal for knowledge Management and for use in bioinformatics."

Authors

Years

Languages

  • e 170
  • d 43
  • m 9
  • es 1
  • i 1
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Types

  • m 107
  • el 4
  • r 1
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