Search (3746 results, page 2 of 188)

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Abstract

Chemical information sciences-ranging from subjectspecific bibliometrics to sophisticated theoretical systems for modeling structures and reactions-have historically led in developing new technologies. Hundreds of papers are published or presented at conferences annually in this discipline. One of the more significant conferences at which important research has historically been presented is the Tri-Society Symposium an Chemical Information, an event jointly sponsored by the American Chemical Society, the American Society for Information Science and Technology, and the Special Libraries Association and held every four years. Eight years ago, the theme of this conference was the chemist's workstation; papers were presented an developments enabling chemists to access and process a variety of different types of chemical information from their desktop or laboratory bench. Several of these papers were subsequently published as a Perspectives issue.

Date

19.10.2003 17:17:22

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Abstract

Mark Stapleton and Matt Adamson began their presentation by describing how Dow Jones' Factiva range of information services processed an average of 170,000 documents every day, drawn from over 10,000 sources in 22 languages. These documents are categorized within five facets: Company, Subject, Industry, Region and Language. The digital feeds received from information providers undergo a series of processing stages, initially to prepare them for automatic categorization and then to format them ready for distribution. The categorization stage is able to handle 98% of documents automatically, the remaining 2% requiring some form of human intervention. Depending on the source, categorization can involve any combination of 'Autocoding', 'Dictionary-based Categorizing', 'Rules-based Coding' or 'Manual Coding'

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Abstract

Desktop videoconferencing, which brings together computing, multimedia and telecommunications, is one of many new technologies competing for attention. Videoconferencing is being used in corporations as a substitute for business travel and in academic instituions as the basis for distance learning. Reports the beat site testing, at the Center for Business Information and the Goizueta Business School at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, a desktop videoconferencing system as a means of delivering a distance reference service, including consultation, documentation, and training and sharing of CD-ROM databases. Discusses the evaluative factors nacessary for the success of desk videoconferencing in a library or information centre

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Abstract

Describes the Sonar Bookends software package designed to produce detailed full text indexes for inclusion with documents produced by word processing, desktop publishing or file management systems

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Abstract

Examines the market for multimedia systems in business. Describes multimedia systems and potential users. Describes aerly uses of multimedia for training, point of sale and point of information systems, and niche markets. Discusses emerging standards, and business applications such as desktop presentation, information access, just-in-time training. Examines the potential of multimedia communications systems for video mail, videoconferencing on the desktop and work group support

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Abstract

In December 1993 Tilburg University and Elsevier Science started a project with respect to the full text electronic delivery of journal articles. Users will be able to browse through articles from their desktop and make prints of relevant articles. Several research issues which are of importance both for the publisher and for the library are part of the project. It is a next step in the campus-wide electronic information provision at Tilburg University. The university created a well elaborated IT infrastructure which was already able to integrate library services with other computing facilities on 2.000 desktop PCs

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Abstract

In this talk we present a retrieval model based on social ontologies. More specifically, we utilize the Wikipedia category system in order to perform semantic searches. That is, textual input is used to build queries by means of which documents are retrieved which do not necessarily contain any query term but are semantically related to the input text by virtue of their content. We present a desktop which utilizes this search facility in a web-based environment - the so called eHumanities Desktop.

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Abstract

Pays tribute to the recent advances in the ability to access computerized catalogues from the desktop via the Internet but emphasizes that there are problems still to be overcome before the ideal of universal access to catalogue records for UK libraries is achieved. Advances in computerized cataloguing over the past 40 years have been an obstacle to retrospective cataloguing in a coherent and standardized manner which even the adoption of common standards for information retrieval and the Z39.50 protocol have failed to prevent. Many libraries with modern methods for cataloguing new materials still have earlier sequences of records on microfiche or other hard copy format. Other specialized collections are such that they have never been catalogued to professional standards or in a convenient format. Illustrates the point with reference to practical searching of catalogues in Aberystwyth, Wales, and to 2 studies of the logistical and financial issues of a programme of retrospective cataloguing as reported in BLRIC report 53. Discusses the proposed UK coordinating body and coordinated natioanl prgramme, to select which catalogues should be converted, set priorities for work, ensure maintenance of requisite standards, and arrange collaboration between neighbouring or related institutions

Date

9. 2.1997 18:44:22

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Abstract

The success of the World Wide Web Shows that we can access, search, and retrieve information from globally distributed databases. lf a database, such as a library catalog, has some sort of Web-based front end, we can type its URL into a Web browser and use its HTML-based forms to search for items in that database. Depending an how well the query conforms to the database content, how the search engine interprets the query, and how the server formats the results into HTML, we might actually find something usable. While the first two issues depend an ourselves and the server, an the Web the latter falls to the mercy of HTML, which we all know as a great destroyer of information because it codes for display but not for content description. When looking at an HTML-formatted display, we must depend an our own interpretation to recognize such entities as author names, titles, and subject identifiers. The Web browser can do nothing but display the information. lf we want some other view of the result, such as sorting the records by date (provided it offers such an option to begin with), the server must do it. This makes poor use of the computing power we have at the desktop (or even laptop), which, unless it involves retrieving more records, could easily do the result Set manipulation that we currently send back to the server. Despite having personal computers wich immense computational power, as far as information retrieval goes, we still essentially use them as dumb terminals.

Date

22. 9.1997 19:16:05

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Abstract

Purpose Web search is more and more moving into mobile contexts. However, screen size of mobile devices is limited and search engine result pages face a trade-off between offering informative snippets and optimal use of space. One factor clearly influencing this trade-off is snippet length. The purpose of this paper is to find out what snippet size to use in mobile web search. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, an eye-tracking experiment was conducted showing participants search interfaces with snippets of one, three or five lines on a mobile device to analyze 17 dependent variables. In total, 31 participants took part in the study. Each of the participants solved informational and navigational tasks. Findings Results indicate a strong influence of page fold on scrolling behavior and attention distribution across search results. Regardless of query type, short snippets seem to provide too little information about the result, so that search performance and subjective measures are negatively affected. Long snippets of five lines lead to better performance than medium snippets for navigational queries, but to worse performance for informational queries. Originality/value Although space in mobile search is limited, this study shows that longer snippets improve usability and user experience. It further emphasizes that page fold plays a stronger role in mobile than in desktop search for attention distribution.

Date

20. 1.2015 18:30:22

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Abstract

Geniale Tools machen das Leben einfacher und sparen Zeit: Die neuen Desktop-Suchmaschinen finden auf Ihrem PC Mails, Texte, Bilder, Musik und vieles mehr innerhalb von Sekunden.

Content

"Desktop-Suchprogramme finden zu einem Stichwort alle passenden Infos und Dateien auf Ihrem Rechner. Sie arbeiten schnell und sparen die mühsame Suche über den Windows-Explorer, der nur einen Bruchteil der relevanten Informationen findet. Ein Beispiel: Macht etwa der DSL-Zugang Schwierigkeiten und Sie suchen nach Tipps, wie sich das Problem lösen lässt, ist eine Desktop-Suche ideal. Sie findet das Stichwort "DSL" etwa in Ihrer Mailkorrespondenz, wenn Sie von Ihrem Provider mal eine Anleitung bekommen haben. Sie findet Handbücher zu Ihrer DSL-Hardware im PDF-Format. Sie findet Links zu DSL-Websites, wenn Sie solche in Ihren Favoriten haben, und sie findet jede weitere Information zum Thema DSL, die auf Ihrem Rechner gespeichert ist. Doch spüren Sie mit den Tools richt nur Dokumente auf. Sie finden damit auch Bilder und Musikdateien. Wer große Mengen von MP3- oder JPEG-Dateien auf seinem Rechner hat, sollten sich die Tools auf jeden Fall ansehen. Denn sie indizieren auch die Meta-Informationen. Bei Musikdateien ist das zum Beispiel der Name des Künstlers, des Albums oder das Erscheinungsjahr. Diese Informationen stehen in den ID3-Tags (Identify an MP3). In Bildern gibt es Zusatzinfos in den Exif-Daten (Exchangeable Image File Format), die etwa durch Stichwörter wie "Urlaub 2005", "Landschaften" und "Familie" das Foto beschreiben und wieder auffindbar machen.
Das leisten Desktop-Such Tools Desktop-Suchmaschinen indizieren alle gängigen Dateien auf Ihrem Rechner. Das heißt, sie speichern nicht nur den Dateinamen, sondern scannen auch den darin enthaltenen Text und merken sich diesen. Dazu ist nach der Installation einer Desktop-Suche zunächst mal ein Indizierungsvorgang nötig. Welche Ordner die Software durchsucht, stellen Sie in den Optionen der Programme ein. Die Tools führen die Indizierung nur dann aus, wenn am Rechner gerade nicht gearbeitet wird. Je nach Datenumfang und PC-Geschwindigkeitdauert der erste Suchlauf zwischen 10 Minuten und mehreren Stunden. Die Utilities sind also nach der Installation nicht sofort einsatzbereit. Haben Sie viele Daten auf Ihrem Rechner, kann es sich lohnen, den PC eine Nacht lang eingeschaltet zu lassen. Am nächsten Morgen ist der Index dann auf jeden Fall komplett, und Sie können Ioslegen. Die vorgestellten Desktop-Suchen indizieren alle gängigen Dateiformate. Lediglich dem Tool von Microsoft muss mit einem Plug-in noch das PDF-Format beigebracht werden. Wer auch mit exotischen Formaten arbeitet, findet auf den Websites der Anbieter oft Plugins oder Erweiterungspakete, mit denen die Programme weitere Dateitypen durchsuchen. Der Suchvorgang nach ein oder zwei Stichwörtern läuft bei allen Programmen flott abnach wenigen Sekunden präsentieren sie eine Ergebnisliste. Bei dieser Liste unterscheiden sich die Tools aber. Wir erwarten, dass sich die gefundenen Dateien gut sortieren lassen, etwa nach Ordnern, Dateitypen oder Kategorien wie Musik, Bilder, Dokumente. Zudem sollte jede Software Module zur Vorschau auf die gefundenen Dateien liefern oder aus dem Windows-System einbinden. Die Grenzen der Suchmaschinen Die Leistung der Tools hat uns beeindruckt. Besonders gut gefällt uns, dass sie auch in großen Musik- und Bildersammlungen suchen. Doch zeigen sich hier auch die Grenzen der Suchmaschinen. Damit ein Programm alle Bilder aus dem Urlaub 2005 liefert, muss man die Bilder erst einmal mit den entsprechenden Informationen versehen. Das ist aber mit den Desktop-Suchprogrammen nicht möglich. Sie brauchen dafür ein Spezialprogramm, etwa eine Bildverwaltung, mit dem Sie die Infos eingeben können. Somit brauchen Sie zusätzlich zur Desktop-Suchmaschine auf jeden Fall ergänzende Tools. Ein weiterer, wenn auch kleinerer, Nachteil ist der Speicherplatzbedarf. Für den Cache, der die Infos zu indizierten Dateien enthält, benötigen die Tools bis zu mehreren hundert MB. Spitzenreiter ist hier das Tool von Google, da es auch Kopien der meisten Dateien anlegt. Auch die anderen Programme weisen einen großen Cache auf. Wie viel Platz genau verbraucht wird, hängt von der Zahl und Art der indizierten Dateien ab."

Object

Google Desktop 2.0
Copernic Desktop 1.61
MSN Desktop 2.5
Yahoo Desktop 1.2

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Abstract

Festplatten haben in den vergangenen Jahren beachtliche Größen erreicht und ein Ende scheint immer noch nicht absehbar zu sein. Damit ist auf diesen Datenträgern genügend Platz für sehr viele Dateien jedweder Art, die sich im Laufe eines Computerlebens so ansammeln. Die Krux: Wenn es darum geht, inmitten der riesigen Menge an Dateien eine ganz bestimmte zu finden, kann die Suche recht zeitraubend werden. Abhilfe schaffen so genannte Desktop-Suchmaschinen. Diese haben wir uns für Sie genauer angesehen.

Content

"Suche ohne Ende Windows hat bekanntlich von Hause aus ein Suchwerkzeug an Bord. Im einfachsten Fall reicht das aus. Wenn sich hingegen mehrere hunderttausend Dateien auf dem Datenträger tummeln, beginnt meist nach dem Start der Suche eine ebenso unfreiwillige wie ausgiebige Kaffeepause. Dateien mit Hilfe der Bordwerkzeuge zu suchen, kann mittlerweile nur noch als Notlösung betrachtet werden. Weitaus effizienter sind spezielle Suchwerkzeuge, die umfassendere Suchfunktionen anbieten und darüber hinaus auch schneller arbeiten. Hierbei handelt es sich um die Desktop-Suchmaschinen. Am Anfang war der Index Das Hauptargument für die Verwendung einer Desktop-Suchmaschine anstelle der Windowsinternen Dateisuche ist die deutlich höhere Suchgeschwindigkeit. Wenn Sie mit der Windows-Suchfunktion nach einer Datei suchen, werden alle Ordner systematisch durchsucht. Das dauert mitunter unerfreulich lang. Auch Suchmaschinen bleibt eine solche Dateisuche nicht erspart. Allerdings bedient man sich hier eines Tricks: Nach der Installation werden zunächst die Festplatten gescannt und alle gefundenen Dateien werden nebst Pfad in einer Datenbank eingetragen. Das ist der so genannte Index. Sobald eine Suche durchgeführt wird, greift die Software nunmehr auf den Index zu, anstatt jedes Mal die Festplatte aufs Neue umzugraben. Das geht wesentlich schneller und gesuchte Dateien sind schnell gefunden. Gleichzeitig werden die Datenträgen ab sofort überwacht und jede Änderung wird im Index nachgetragen. Das lange Warten nach einem Suchergebnis hat somit ein Ende.
Nicht nur Desktop-Suche Eine Desktop-Suchmaschine ist ein hilfreiches Werkzeug vor allem, wenn sich außer Dateien noch E-Mails rasch finden lassen. Da heutzutage ohne Internet gar nichts mehr geht, liegt es nahe, die Suche auch auf das World Wide Web auszudehnen. Aus diesem Grunde sind diese Tools darüber hinaus auch mit einer Internet-Suchfunktion ausgestattet. Diese Funktion beschränkt sich jedoch in der Regel darauf, dass der standardmäßig genutzte Internet-Browser gestartet wird und die Seite eines Suchdienstes erscheint. Damit handelt es sich um ein kleines Zusatzbonbon, das dem Anwender einige Umwege erspart. Kostenlos, aber nicht umsonst Niemand hat etwas zu verschenken. Auch wenn die meisten Desktop-Suchmaschinen kostenfrei erhältlich sind, verbergen sich oft einige Stolperfallen im Detail. Die vorliegenden Testkandidaten sind zwar keine Spyware-Programme, doch es empfiehlt sich ein kritischer Blick bei der Auswahl des gewünschten Werkzeugs. Einige Produkte bieten neben einer kostenlosen Home-Edition ein kostenpflichtiges Pendant für professionelle Anwender an. Das mag angehen und ist sicherlich kein Problem. Zudem darf davon ausgegangen werden, dass kostenlose Desktop-Suchmaschinen bei weitem nicht so viele Dateiformate unterstützen, wie die kommerziell erhältlichen Varianten. Immerhin sind die Lizenzen, die Hersteller kaufen müssen, um eine umfassende Unerstützung für unterschiedliche Dateiformate anbieten zu können, sehr teuer. Kritisch zu hinterfragen sind jedoch jene Tools, die von werbefinanzierten Anbietern stammen. Hier besteht die Gefahr, dass persönliche Daten der Anwender zum Zweck der statistischen Auswertung des Nutzungsverhaltens gesammelt werden. Wer nichts zu verbergen oder keine Probleme damit hat, kann diese Programme durchaus auch nutzen. Sensible Daten sollten dann aber gesondert geschützt werden."

Object

Google Desktop

Series

Software: Desktop-Suchmaschinen

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Abstract

Today's knowledge workers have to spend a large amount of time and manual effort on creating, analyzing, and modifying textual content. While more advanced semantically-oriented analysis techniques have been developed in recent years, they have not yet found their way into commonly used desktop clients, be they generic (e.g., word processors, email clients) or domain-specific (e.g., software IDEs, biological tools). Instead of forcing the user to leave his current context and use an external application, we propose a ``Semantic Assistants'' approach, where semantic analysis services relevant for the user's current task are offered directly within a desktop application. Our approach relies on an OWL ontology model for context and service information and integrates external natural language processing (NLP) pipelines through W3C Web services.

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Abstract

Considers the development and impact of CD-ROM recorders that can record on to CD-ROM at the desktop (CD-R). Discusses briefly some of the technologies that may be used to achieve this goal including: WORMs and Kodak's PhotoCD

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Abstract

Describes the concept of a virtual reality library. Since a desktop virtual reality package is needed to construct a virtual reality library, the expected functionality of such software is discussed in general terms. Discusses one such virtual reality package, REND386, in detail and shows how it can be used to build a working prototype of a virtual reality library

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Abstract

Reviews 2 CD-ROM products form the LoC. CDMARC Bibliographic is a multidisc collection of all machine readable cataloguing records distributed by the LoC since 1969, regardless of language or form of material. Cataloger's Desktop is a Windows based CD-ROM featuring full text access to a variety of referecne materials helpful in cataloguing materials

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Abstract

The new 1995 edition features the most recent CIA and State Department information available. All new maps, sounds, photographs and flags, combined with cultural, governmental, economic and demographic statistics allow you to explore every country in the world without leaving your desktop

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Footnote

Enthält auch: 'Library of Congress Subject Headings' and 'Cataloger's desktop' - Demo abrufbar unter: ftp.loc.gov im Verzeichnis pub/cds/deskclas; vgl. auch http://www.loc.gov/cds

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